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OREXINS NEUROPEPTIDES

OREXINS NEUROPEPTIDES. SUBHASH CHANDRA GAYAM MSc NeuroPharmacology Student University of East London. Oral Presentation: Module-Lsmco-1. OREXINS. What exactly Orexins means?

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OREXINS NEUROPEPTIDES

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  1. OREXINSNEUROPEPTIDES SUBHASH CHANDRA GAYAM MSc NeuroPharmacology Student University of East London. Oral Presentation: Module-Lsmco-1

  2. OREXINS • What exactly Orexins means? • Orexins(also called Hypocretins) are Neuropeptides produced exclusively by a well defined group of neurons in the lateral hypothalamus.

  3. TYPES OF OREXINS AND RECEPTORS • Orexins A &B are residue peptides,which were recently isolated from the rat hypothalamus. • Orexins A & B bind to two receptors, • Orexin1(OX1) Receptor(Ox-A) • Orexin2(OX2) Receptor(Ox-B) • Orexin2(OX2) Receptor(Non-selective)

  4. STRUCTURE OF OREXIN N-terminal

  5. DIAGRAM OF BRAIN corpuscollosum Parietal lobe frontallobe occipitallobe Posterior(wake) Preopticarea(sleep) temporallobe posteriorlateralhypothalamus pons cerebellum medulla Brain stem

  6. SELECTIVE OREXIN1-RECEPTOR ANTAGONIST • 1-(2-methyl benzoxazol-6-yl)-3-(1,5)naphthyridin-4-ylurea hydrochloride. • Orexin A(Intracerebroventricular). • Antagonist(Peripheral administration). • Orexin A is orexigenic in both male and female rats. • Selecive OX1 receptor antagonist block the response of orexin A. • If the child’s growth, ability to learn new things and changes are at a slower rate than the other Children, then a Child might have a Developmental Delay.

  7. Effects of orexin-A and Antagonist on rats(M&F) • Dose dependent in female rats,but not the males(figure-1). • The response of oxA was blocked by antagonist(figure-2) • After an overnight fast,antagonist reduced food intake during the first 4 hours in male rat(figure-3).

  8. Figure-1(Effects of orexinA dose -dependent Oxa(2.3nmol) oxA(2.3nmol) oxA(7nmol) vehicle

  9. Figure-2(Food consumption)

  10. Figure-3 (Food consumption)

  11. Narcolepsy-neurodegenerative disease of the orexin system • Narcolepsy is characterised by excessive daytime sleepiness(EDS),cataplexy,sleep paralysis,hypnogogic hallucinatios and reapid eye ovement(REM). • Narcolepsy is associated with massive reduction in the number of orexin cells. • Symptoms: • Irresistible,episodes of involuntary’naps’.

  12. Pharmacologic treatment of narcolepsy.

  13. CONCLLUSION • However,knowledge about narcolepsy often remains limited even among neurologists. • Life style changes are rarely sufficient to adequately control the symptoms of narcolepsy and therefore most patients require life long medication to cope with debilitating effect of excessive day time sleepiness(EDS).

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