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Testing QM in Particle Physics

Testing QM in Particle Physics. by Beatrix C. Hiesmayr Institute for Theoretical Physics University of Vienna Austria. experimental phenomenological conceptual mathematical aspects. Testing QM in high energy physics. New Physics !. Hiesmayr, Found. of Phys. Lett. 14 (2001).

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Testing QM in Particle Physics

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  1. Frascati 2006, Beatrix C. Hiesmayr Testing QM in Particle Physics by Beatrix C. Hiesmayr Institute for Theoretical Physics University of Vienna Austria experimental phenomenological conceptual mathematical aspects

  2. Frascati 2006, Beatrix C. Hiesmayr Testing QM in high energy physics New Physics ! • Hiesmayr, Found. of Phys. Lett. 14 (2001). • Bertlmann, Bramon, Garbarino, Hiesmayr, Phys. Lett. A 332, (2004) 355. • Bertlmann, Grimus, Hiesmayr, Phys. Lett. A 289 (2001) 21. • Bertlmann, Hiesmayr, Phys. Rev. A 63 (2001) 062112. • Bell inequalities • How to measure entanglement or decoherence? • “Kaonic” Quantum Erasers“Erasing the Past and Impacting the Future” • Bohr’s Complementarity in two-path interferomety (kaons are doubleslits given freely by Nature) • Duality in Particle Physics KEK (Japan) & DAFNE? can be tested in experiments: • Bertlmann, Durstberger, Hiesmayr, Phys. Rev. A 68 (2003) 012111. • Bertlmann, Grimus, Hiesmayr,Phys. Rev. D 60 (1999) 114032. • Bramon, Garbarino, Hiesmayr, Phys. Rev. Lett. 92 (2004) 020405. • Bramon, Garbarino, Hiesmayr, Phys. Rev. A 68 (2004). 062111 offers new options ! Aharanov & Zubairy: Science 307:875, 2005 combines different fields of physics! Bramon,Garbarino, Hiesmayr, Phys. Rev. A 69 (2004) 022112. Bramon, Garbarino, Hiesmayr, Eur. J. Phys. C 32 (2004) 377. new interpretation of experimental data !

  3. Outline Frascati 2006, Beatrix C. Hiesmayr R. Feynman: “The double slit contains the only mystery.” R. Feynman about neutral kaons: “If there is any place where we have a chance to test the main principles of quantum mechanics in the purest way---does the superposition of amplitudes work or doesn't it?---this is it.”

  4. Neutral kaons viewed a little differently: Frascati 2006, Beatrix C. Hiesmayr Strangeness: Mass-eigenstates: „A kaon is a kind of double slit“ Bramon,Garbarino, Hiesmayr, Phys. Rev. A 69 (2004) 022112. Kaon in time: short-lived state long-lived state Feynman diagram

  5. “Erasing the past and impacting the future” Frascati 2006, Beatrix C. Hiesmayr 1801 Thomas Young: Photons interfere! Interference lost because photon watched (gain which way info)! 1982 Drühl & Scully: Erasing the which way info brings interference back! No wonder Einstein would be confused!

  6. Frascati 2006, Beatrix C. Hiesmayr Complementarity Bohr’s principle of complementarity: Quantum systems possess properties that are equally real but mutually exclusive! wave-particle duality Interferometric duality: The observation of an interference pattern and the adquisition of which-way information are mutually exclusive.

  7. Frascati 2006, Beatrix C. Hiesmayr Quantitative complementarity How to quantify? Greenberger and Yasin (1988): Englert (1996) predictability= a priori which-way knowledge pure fringe visibility

  8. Frascati 2006, Beatrix C. Hiesmayr Complementarity for kaons Intensity: Neutral kaons: Visibility (“wave-like” property):

  9. Frascati 2006, Beatrix C. Hiesmayr Complementarity for kaons Visibility (“wave-like” property): Predictability(“particle-like” property): Bohr’s complementarity relation:

  10. Frascati 2006, Beatrix C. Hiesmayr Complementary unified formalism in terms of ``complementarity´´ • Quantitative complementarity in two-path interferometry: • Double–slit-like experiments • Particle oscillations • Scattering of identical particles

  11. Frascati 2006, Beatrix C. Hiesmayr Quantum eraser for kaons? Scully, Drühl 1982:gedanken experiment concerning the possibility to erase information contained in quantum states Experiments: Atoms:Dürr, Rempe 2000 Entangled photons: • Ou, Wang, Zou & Mandel 1990 • Zou, Wang & Mandel 1991 • Herzog, Kwiat, Weinfurter & Zeilinger 1995 • Kwiat, Steinberg & Chiao 1992 • Tsegaye and Björk 2000 • Walborn, Terra Cunha, Padua & Moken 2002 • Kim, Yu, Kulik, Shih & Scully 2000 • Tifonov, Björk, Sönderholm & Tsegaye 2002

  12. Frascati 2006, Beatrix C. Hiesmayr Experiment: Herzog et al. second passage first passage normalized to surviving kaon pairs

  13. Frascati 2006, Beatrix C. Hiesmayr Experiment: Kim et al.  choice to show which way info or not is partially active!

  14. Frascati 2006, Beatrix C. Hiesmayr Measurements: Strangeness basis: “Active” measurement: Strong interactions: K0+p  K++n K0+p L+p+ K0+n  K-+p, L+p0 “Passive” measurement: Semileptonic decay modes DQ=DS: K0(sd) p-(ud)+l++nl K0(sd)  p+(ud)+l-+nl Lifetime basis: • “Active” measurement: • Free propagation: • any decay mode observed before t+4.8 tS are identified as KS at time t • Misidentification: few parts in 10-3! • “Passive” measurement: • Sensitive to the decay modes: • 2 p’s are identified as KS • 3 p’s are identified as KL • Misidentification: few parts in 10-3!

  15. Frascati 2006, Beatrix C. Hiesmayr (A) Active Eraser with active measurements T, tr0 object system source meter system S, tl S, tr0 left (object) right (meter) 1.Setup (matter block remove): activeSactiveT 2.Setup (matter block inserted): activeSactiveS

  16. Frascati 2006, Beatrix C. Hiesmayr (B) Partially active eraser with active measurements object system T source meter system S, tl S, tr0 left (object) right (meter) activeSactiveT, activeS  partially active choice due to instability of kaon

  17. Frascati 2006, Beatrix C. Hiesmayr (C) Passive eraser with passive measurements object system T T S source meter system S, tl left (object) right (meter) activeSpassiveT, passiveS No analog to existing experiments!

  18. Frascati 2006, Beatrix C. Hiesmayr (D) Passive eraser with passive measurements T S T S left (??object??) right (??meter??) passiveT, passiveSpassiveT, passiveS No analog to existing experiments!

  19. Frascati 2006, Beatrix C. Hiesmayr Summary of “kaonic” eraser • remarkably all these QE options lead to the same probabilities! • this is even true regardless the temporal ordering • demonstrates nicely the very nature of QE: sorting events  Up to our opinion: It should be possible to test it at DAFNE!

  20. Frascati 2006, Beatrix C. Hiesmayr Questions to the experimenters: • Are active measurements possible? • Which initial entangled states can be produced (besides the antisymmetric Bell state)? • Can the CP state |K1> be somehow measured? • Or can another superposition be measured? • Can the long lived state |KL> be “boosted”?

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