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sub-national ELECTIONS & STATE REORGANIZATION

sub-national ELECTIONS & STATE REORGANIZATION . VENEZUELA 2012 and Beyond . Partido Socialista Unida de Venezuela ( Beyond Chavez ). Diosdado Cabello R. (First Vice President) Elías Jaua (capital region) Nicolás Maduro (Center-West Region)

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sub-national ELECTIONS & STATE REORGANIZATION

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  1. sub-national ELECTIONS & STATE REORGANIZATION VENEZUELA 2012 and Beyond

  2. Partido Socialista Unida de Venezuela (BeyondChavez) • Diosdado Cabello R. (First Vice President) • ElíasJaua(capital region) • NicolásMaduro(Center-West Region) • Francisco Arias Cárdenas (West Region) • Tareck El Aissami(Andean Region) ] • YelitzeSantaella(East Region) • AdánChávez (South Llanos Region) • Ramón Rodríguez Chacín(North Llanos Region) • Rafael Gil Barrios (South East Region)

  3. Mesa de Unidad Democratica • Political Parties of PuntoFijo(Low Profile) • AccionDemocratica • COPEI • MAS • Fifth Republic Opposition • PrimeroJusticia • Un Nuevo Tiempo • Proyecto Venezuela • Patria Para Todos • Alianza Bravo Pueblo • Podemos

  4. Regions or States of Venezuela

  5. Local Elections: 2013 • PSUV controls office of Mayor in 80% municipalities • Maracaibo in hands of opposition • Scheduled for April 14 • Mayors – 335 in 23 states plus Capital District • Council persons • Will plans for the comunal state render these elections meaningless?

  6. Venezuelan Armed Forces • Operational Strategic Commands Admiral Diego Molero Minister of Defense (former head of Naval Intelligence)

  7. Other Components of the Military Establishment • National Guard – (Juan Francisco Romero Figueroa) • Bolivarian Militias: rule over Ranchos (shantytowns) • manage drugs • Power to intimidate if Chavez decides to restructure the state

  8. COMMUNE (COMUNA)Defined • State separated into homogeneous districts based on socio-economic criteria • Similar to feudal geopolitical entities of Middle Ages • Socialist comunas revolve about public ownership of production & consumption • Latin American comunas facilitate central control • Paris Commune 1871

  9. Comunas: Buenos Aires, Argentina • Organic Act of 2005 (Each Comunas would have a Community Board of 7 members directly elected by each district as representatives of their own Comunas) • Goals of Comunas • Citizen participation • Equality and Redistribution • Ensuring sustainable development • Weakening traditional local state organization • Improving efficiency of the government • Promoting direct democracy within the city

  10. Comunas overlay traditional political boundaries

  11. Cuban Comunas • Greater implementation in rural areas • Used to consolidate communist control over the island • Channel distribution of goods by central government • Coordinate indoctrination • Social “oversight” • Control over population movement

  12. Venezuela: Rejection of “Bourgeoisie” Decentralization • Municipal Reform legislation of 2005 • Law of Communal Councils 2006 • Comunas fail to pass Constitutional Referendum of December 2007

  13. 41,000 Comunal Councils (2012) • Pre-electoral Phase • 16,000 Communal Councils established in 2006 • 12,000 received funding for a project • $5 Billion allocated for communal councils as a group • 300 communal Banks established Operational Characteristics • Assembly • Executive Branch • Financial Unit • Auditing Branch

  14. Legal Basis of Comunal State • Published in theGaceta Oficial Nº 6.011 Extraordinario (December 21, 2010) • Ley Orgánica del Poder Popular. • Ley Orgánica de Planificación Pública y Popular. • Ley Orgánica de Las Comunas. • Ley Orgánica del Sistema Económico Comunal. • Ley Orgánica de Contraloría Social.

  15. Venezuelan Comunas • Territorial organization • Transfer of powers from local governments • Each comuna has different focal areas, i.e. fishing, production • Direct linkage to national government

  16. Comunas 2012 • Not yet capable of taking over functions of municipio governments • Resistance from governors and mayors • Key to establishing centralized control should Chavez pass from the scene

  17. Ministerio del Poder Popular para las Comunas y Protección Social (2009) • Minister: Iris Ochoa • Purpose: manage relations between comunas and central government • SOP of control non-existent • October 24 – Chavez threatens to eliminate ministry • November 9,2012 • Need institution superior to comunas • Create more comunas

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