Cloud Computing

1. Cloud Computing Bala Rajaraman, IBM Distinguished Engineer

2. On today’s Smarter Planet, organizations are taking new approaches to optimizing dynamic business services, processes & relationships * Source: IBM CEO Study Uncover newProfit opportunity Build operating dexterity Reinvent customer relationships

3. Business Needs are driving Software capabilities 3

4. Key Market Transformation Impacting Businesses Cloud Computing drives IT and service innovation Smarter Physical Infrastructure enables new business models Enterprise Mobility expands client reach A Smarter Planet requires a new approach to Security 4

5. Cloud Computing Platforms Web, e-business and SOA Transaction Systems Open Virtualization Format, Cloud Management, Cloud Audit, Reference Architecture, Cloud Standards Customer Council… SOA Governance Framework, SOA Reference Architecture, … Open Social, HTML 5, CMIS, OpenAjax, OAuth, … Java, Java EE, XML, XML Schema, SOAP, WSDL, UML, Web2.0, ... Web Services, SCA, BPEL, SAML, XACML … BPMN, SBVR, RIF, … HTTP, HTML, WSFL, XLANG, REST… Mainframe, IMS and CICS WebSphere IBM SmartCloud Time 1960-1980s 1990-2000s 2010s We’ve seen this before Cloud builds on and leverages the standards which preceded this market cycle

6. Cloud enables Innovation while Managing Change and Complexity Enduring relationships Speed & dexterity Gain customer insight and use it to improve products & services Create new models of self-service and deployment . IT without Boundaries Value creation Define and deliver new business value in real time Simplify access to information and services Simplify, Standardize and Automate Service Delivery 6 6

7. IBM and AT&T Confidential Mapping Business Outcomes to Technical Requirements Business Outcome : Accelerate the ability for lines of business to rapidly test and deliver applications in response to market needs. • How is the customer trying to achieve these business outcomes ? • What are the business outcomes that a customer want to achieve ? ServiceProvider (includes Enterprise Operational Teams) Developer, Tester, LoB Application Owner Line of Business needs to rapidly deliver applications Processes & Compliance (IPC, Capacity, Asset, Financial, SLA) Roles &Organizations Performance, Resilience, Availability Request environment fromOperational Teams CLOUD Simplification Standardization Automation Request environment fromOperational Teams Systems & Service Management (Security, HA/DR, Backup, Monitoring) Middleware, OS, Images • Deliver as a Service • Outcome/Capability driven Start developing, testing and deploying application Resource Pools & Managers (Server, Storage, Network,) • What are the capabilities that enable a customer to achieve these business outcomes ? • Scalable and resilient cloud management system • Improved TTV, progressive adoption and reduced operational cost • Standard interfaces and extensibility for IaaS, Service Definitions, Image Formats, Application patterns and Metadata • DevOps • Integration with business and service management processes for IPC, Capacity, SLA • Self Service Catalog • Multi-tenant support • Integrated server, storage, network deployment & management • Support for multiple hypervisors, network and storage systems • Optimized deployment of application & middleware patterns • Orchestration across data center tools, roles & organizations

8. Integrated Service Management Capabilities Service Performance & Assurance Service Deployment & Optimization Service Planning, Support & Maintenance Licensing Incident Management Change & Configuration Management Asset Management Business Service Management Automation Metering Event Management Provisioning Monitoring voice Configuration High Availability Workload Optimization Backup & Recovery Environmentals Virtualized & Heterogeneous Infrastructure Service Security Information Storage Network Security Security GRC Identity and Access Management Server and Endpoint Security Network Security Technology Security Intelligence System Applications Diverse Assets Facilities Transportation Production Distribution 8 • Open infrastructure • Federated Data • Dynamic interaction • Common Services Open Services for Lifecycle Collaboration Open interfaces. Open possibilities. Provider and Resource Registry Security Services Collaboration Services Central Administration Audit and Logging Analytics Hub Reporting

9. An Open Approach for Service Management ForIndustries For Data Centers For Design & Delivery Open Services for Lifecycle Collaboration (OSLC) • Open Architecture • Federated Data • Dynamic Interaction • Common Services IBM & Others Service Planning, Support & Maintenance Service Deployment & Optimization Service Availability & Assurance Service Security Platform Services Administration: Users, projects, process Collaboration Dashboards Security Discovery Query • Community Driven open-services.net • Loosely coupled integration • Inspired by Internet architectures • Current work on ALM, PLM, ISM Interoperability specifications • Based on Linked Data

10. How does linked data work ? A Service Provider (management tool) is a logical container that contains resource type instances (e.g. computer systems) for a particular domain (e.g. monitoring) An HTTP REST interface is used to lifecycle manage the resources: The container is represented as a URI Each resource instance in the container is also represented as a URI The container can be queried to find resource representation based on known attribute values A HTTP POST operation to the container creates a new resource instance A HTTP DELETE operation to a resource will deleted the resource instance A HTTP GET operation to a resource retrieves resource information A HTTP PUT operation to a resource updates the resource Delegated user interfaces can be used to display and interact with resources Resource documents in differing domains represent views of a resource, and can be interacted with to actually affect the resource

11. Cross Domain Integration Architecture Provider Interfaces (Business Service Management Tools) Business Service Management Domains Asset & License Management Domain Incident, Problem, Change & Configuration Management Domain Workload Scheduling & Automation Domain Chargeback & Billing Domain Declarative Domain Abstraction (Capabilities & Outcome) Orchestration Engine Tooling (Create Offerings & Workflows) Service Catalog Declarative Domain Abstraction (Capabilities & Outcome) Systems Management Domains Resource Domains Data Center Automation Domain Service Assurance Domain Security Domain Infrastructure & ApplicationResilience Domain Cloud IaaS & PaaS Consumer Services Domain Network Domain Storage Domain Provider Interfaces (Virtualization, Network, Storage Resource Managers) Provider Interfaces (System Management Tools)

12. IBM SmartCloud Foundation - capabilities Foundation Platform as a Service Technologies • IBM SmartCloud Provisioning • IBM SmartCloud Monitoring • IBM End Point Manager AUTOMATION • Integrated lifecycle management of cloud services (DevOps) • Collaborative service development, testing and service provisioning • Customized workload patterns tied to provisioning engine Application Lifecycle Application Resources Application Environments Application Management Integration • IBM SmartCloud Control Desk • IBM SmartCloud Continuous Delivery • IBM SmartCloud Virtual Storage Center Infrastructure as a Service Technologies Infrastructure Platform Managementand Administration Availability and Performance Security and Compliance Usage and Accounting CONTROL VISIBILITY • End-to-end IT process integration with incident, problem and change management • Simplified administration enabling rapid, scalable provisioning while controlling image sprawl • Lower costs and improve overall performance by virtualizing and better controlling storage resources • Improved visibility into the performance of cloud resources and services optimizing usage & QoS • Health analytics for capacity planning and workload placement improving utilization • Secure the Cloud by enforcing policy-based access controls, including from mobile devices 12

13. IBM SmartCloud Provisioning & Orchestration Reduces complexity of Cloud delivery and image management • Eases service deployment while rapidly scalingto the dynamic needs of users • Advanced image management leveraging rich analytics, image versioning and federated libraries • Easily customize with design and deployment patterns improving efficiency • Greater reliable, by automatically tolerating and recovering from infrastructure failures • Save IT labor cost by enabling self-service requests and automated operations (no manual configuration) IT Admins End Users Partners Self Service UI Image analytics Federated Image Library Production Images Test Images AIX Images VMware Images Pre-defined workload patterns High scale, fault tolerant provisioning engine Data Center 1 Data Center n * A software product for private clouds 13 13

14. CLI SDK Web UI IaaS REST API Operational Services Operational Services Management Fabric Kernel Services Cloud Firmware (Hypervisor) Xen KVM ESXi/Vcenter Hardware High Scale Low Touch • Entry point to cloud adoption for immediate benefits and ROI • Ideal for highly dynamic environments here creating thousand of servers in minutes is important • Ensure immediate time to value and low cost of ownership with pre-packged service offerings • Build-in redundancy and high availabilty of the management platform • Can create large number of pre-defined servers in minutes • Minimize the copying of image data through the OS streaming from storage nodes • Copy-on-write technology to handle changes on each provisioned VM • Out of the box support for standard services which requires minimal configuration and administration • Can be deployed in minutes

15. Image Composition • Ideal for creating a reusable, sharable image catalog • Ensure corporate standard content in all your images • Allows OS and software specialists to create reusable components for fast image assembly • Optimize deployment with pre-built, deploy time customizable images • Create parameterized images for your cloud • Deploy images as part of multi-image patterns • Out of the box software bundles to expedite image construction • Build images for private and public cloud deployments Image Builder Define image (OS and bundles) IBM SmartCloud Enterprise Image Construction Tool OS Specialist SmarCloud Provisioning Create base OS Build images IBM Workload Deployer SW Specialist VMControl, VMware ESX, KVM Create bundle Bundle Repository

16. Virtual Image Library • Powerful search capabilities to find the image you need without the need for agents or for powering on the images • Identify “drift” of a virtual machine since its deployment at the product and file levels • Helps control image sprawl by finding groups of similar images to be replaced by a standard image • A source of standard images identified by version numbers. Deployments are recorded to trace virtual machines back to their origin. • Image analytics technology to index the contents of images to provide a knowledgebase of software products, patches, and files • Comparison of images and deployed VMs to detect differences at the software product and file levels • Similarity analysis to identify clusters of alike images • Reference repository for storing and assigning version numbers to images in chains import AnalyticsEnvironment ProductionEnvironment VM images Image Listsand Details GUI REST API VM instances discover OperationalRepository ReferenceRepository checkout,checkin VMware datastore KnowledgeBase Indexer index OperationalRepository AnalyticsEngine VM images VM instances Virtual Image Library IBM SmartCloud ProvisioningService Region

17. Composite Application Patterns • Focus on core business application without worrying about underlying middleware. • Significant reduction in time to market from days to hours • Quickly respond to changing business needs and unexpected increase in demands by using autonomic elasticity • Built-in high availability of application patterns • Rapidly provision middleware environments for QA and production • Pattern-based application design and deployment • Policy driven application quality of services for e.g. scaling, caching • Custom plugin and application pattern support for 3rd party software • Middleware patterns and deployment of environments in few minutes, using IBM provided or ICON created HV images • Leverage Intelligent Management Pack for application monitoring and virtualization

18. IBM SmartCloud Monitoring Greater Visibility and Optimization of Cloud Services • End-to-end element visibility enables the necessary insight into dynamic cloud services • Proactive problem analysis provides the ability to track cloud service levels and predict problems before users are impacted • Intelligent workload placement optimizes cloud performance and availability while lowering operational cost • Capacity planning through rich analytics of cloud services provides the ability to right-size VMs enabling better utilize existing HW/SW investments 18 18

19. Advanced Technology- Semi-Structured Workload Analytics Better insights, faster without deep instrumentation • Analytics and Diagnostics • Using IBM’s Big Data platform, and linked data, bring together logs, events, metrics, configuration and other structured and unstructured data to provide a holistic analytics for availability, performance, isolation and diagnosis of problems. • Search and analyzes all of relevant data and associated patterns across the environment to identify and present the subset of information relevant to the problem or anomaly without affecting system performance or requiring significant set-up time. • Capturing, sharing, and embedding expert knowledge • Cross-Software, services, and research to deliver continuous application insights • Periodic/Automatic update of Analytics-lets (expert knowledge and visualization) download from Cloud for continuous update. • Simplify Adoption • Minimal to no intrusive instrumentation as the starting point. It provides a guided task oriented approach to problem isolation and resolution. 19

20. IBM SmartCloud Control Desk Holistically controls complex service management processes Resolve the root causes of incidents to minimize impact and prevent recurrence Restore normal service operation as quickly PROBLEMS INCIDENTS Creation, routing and management of requests, purchase orders, contracts and terms and conditions Single point of entry for handling incidents and requests, PROCUREMENT CONTROL SERVICE REQUESTS Usage accounting and chargeback, investment planning. Auditable, license T&Cs FINANCIAL & LICENSES Standardized procedures for efficient handling of all changes CHANGE Inventory, financial, and contractual functions to support strategic decisions IT ASSETS Verifies license, test and version status of services or assets introduced into the infrastructure RELEASE CONFIGURATION Management and traceability of every aspect of a configuration 20

21. IBM SmartCloud Continuous Delivery IT Managers Quality Managers Developers Rational Team Concert Linked Data (OSLC)Interface Provisioning • Work items & planning • Source control management • Build management • Rapid deployment • Pattern composition • Image management • Customizable common service deliveryworkflow spanning Dev, Test and Ops teams • Automated release management for highly scalable, ultra-fast application deployments • Continuous integration and testing of in production-like environments • Release readiness dashboard provides visibility and enables collaboration between DevOps • Integrated suite built upon Rational Team Concert & SmartCloud Provisioning 21

22. DevOps solution architecture Built on open standards allowing plug-in components from IBM products, open source, or third party Pluggable Architecture Automation Change Management Cloud Providers OSLC OSLC Common Cloud Stack TestEngine Enterprise Change Management CloudPlatform IBM IaaS API Based on TOSCA Standard OSLC OSLC DeploymentEngine Dev. Change Management OSLC OSLC Build Engine Software Config. Management OSLC OSLC OSLC OSLC Continuous Delivery Pipeline Services Environment Development and Management Services Application Design Services LibraryServices Rules Logging Reporting Auditing Impact Analysis Licensing Monitoring Security Pluggable component (multiple implementation that can be replaced) New Components enabling DevOps (not pluggable) Dependent platform technologies (not pluggable) Jazz Foundation DevOps Platform 22

23. "The rate of change is not going to slow down anytime soon. If anything, competition in most industries will probably speed up even more in the next few decades." — John P. Kotter, Leading Change Cloud Computing Cloud computing innovations are changing the economics of IT… • With the growth in hybrid cloud driving the need for interoperability and openness standards-based interoperability is critical to grow enterprise… • Adoption and ensure the long term value of each investment • Skills within and across their partner ecosystem • Vendor-choice among competitively-valued offerings • Enterprises need PRACTICAL implementations they can reference and leverage for their immediate success…

24. What is OpenStack? OpenStack is a global collaboration of developers and cloud computing technologists that seek to produce a ubiquitous Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS) open source cloud computing platform for public and private clouds. OpenStack was founded by Rackspace Hosting and NASA jointly in July 2010. 160 companies and close to 3,000 developers. http://openstack.org/ • OpenStack Compute (core)Provision and manage large networks of virtual machines • OpenStack Object Store (core)Create petabytes of secure, reliable storage using standard hardware • OpenStack Image Service (core)Catalog and manage massive libraries of server images • OpenStack Identity (core)Unified authentication across all OpenStack projects and integrates with existing authentication systems. • OpenStack Dashboard (core)Enables administrators and users to access & provision cloud-based resources through a self-service portal. Code available under Apache 2.0 licenseDesign tenets – scale & elasticity, share nothing & distribute everything

25. What’s next for IBM? ExpandOpenStack Ecosystem Establish OpenStack Foundation OpenStackDevelopment IBM Product Support IBM will contribute to the open source projects, provide resources to help shape and promote the organization and provide sponsorship funding for ongoing operations. Our long term goal is to help the OpenStack develop and sustain a vibrant, innovative ecosystem and become a platform of choice to build upon. (much like Apache HTTP server, Apache Axis and Linux). We will ensure that client advocacy groups such as the Cloud Standards Customer Council (CSCC) are engaged on practical use cases for IaaS. OpenStack provides provisioning and management of virtual machines that will enable support for different hypervisors at the Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS ) layer. We provide support for additional robustness and availability. We envision adding cloud provider interoperability by ensuring support for OASIS TOSCA standard for workload interoperability, and the W3C LinkedData and OSLC standard to tie the application together for continuous delivery. We’re just getting started at OpenStack by contributing to the community such that we become a trusted and valued member. IBM is already a leading provider of cloud computing services and software for the enterprise. OpenStack core is very consistent and aligned with the IaaS core and strategy in IBM SmartCloud Foundation. Hence, from a technical perspective, this is not a shift in strategy, with the exception that we now benefit from the world class OpenStack development community and ecosystem

26. Cloud adoption patterns are emerging backed by proven best practices Cloud Enabled Data Center (IaaS) Cloud Platform Services (PaaS) Cloud Service Provider (SaaS) Business Solutions on Cloud Cut IT expense, risk & complexity Accelerate time-to-market with new workloads Deliver innovative business services Gain immediate access to applications Transition IT from a “cost center” to a strategic center of business value Enable dynamic cloud based service delivery “On Demand” and at lower cost Implement new business models for internal and/or external service providing, Consume usage-based business services integrated with internal systems and processes. 26