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Gases

Gases. A fine presentation by: Mr. Anderson + Mr. Smith. Symbols and Constants. P = Pressure (Atmospheres) V = Volume T = Temperature (Kelvin) n = Moles R = 0.0821 STP – Standard temperature and Pressure, 1 atm and 273 Kelvin. Gas Laws. Boyle’s Law – P 1 V 1 = P 2 V 2

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Gases

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  1. Gases A fine presentation by: Mr. Anderson + Mr. Smith

  2. Symbols and Constants • P = Pressure (Atmospheres) • V = Volume • T = Temperature (Kelvin) • n = Moles • R = 0.0821 • STP – Standard temperature and Pressure, 1 atm and 273 Kelvin

  3. Gas Laws • Boyle’s Law – P1V1 = P2V2 • Charles’ Law – V1/T1 =V2/T2 • Gay-Lussac’s Law – P1/T2 = P2T2 • Avagadro’s Law – V1/n1 = V2/n2 • Combined Gas Law – P1V1/T1 = P2V2/T2 • The Ideal Gas Law – PV = nRT

  4. Sample Problem • The pressure of the gas in a 12 liter container is 3.0 atm. If the volume is expanded to a 20 liter container, what is the pressure? • A. 1.0 atm • B. 1.8 atm • C. 2.0 atm • D 2.2 atm

  5. Another Sample Problem • 2.5 grams of Mg(s) (Molar Mass = 24.3g) is added to an excess of HCl(aq) and H2(g) is produced. What volume of gas is produced at STP? • A. 1.5 liters • B. 2.0 liters • C. 2.3 liters • D. 2.5 liters

  6. Effusion • Effusion – The movement of gas into a vacuum through a small hole • Graham’s Law – Rate1Rate2 = the square root of MM2/MM1 • We use Graham’s law to calculate how quickly a gas diffuses.

  7. A Sample Problem • The effusion rate of an unknown gas is measured and found to be 31.50 mL/min. Under identical experimental conditions, the effusion rate of O2 is found to be 30.50 mL/min. What is the identity of the mystery gas? • A. CH4 • B. CO • C. CO2 • D. NO • E. NO2

  8. Do The AP problem!

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