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ELECtromagnetic waves

ELECtromagnetic waves. Light etc. PHY 2054 Spring 2011 April 13, 2011. Title. Today we start the study of electromagnetic waves and LIGHT as in “let there be”. This will lead to a discussion of Polarization Mirrors Lenses Perhaps interference and diffraction

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ELECtromagnetic waves

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  1. ELECtromagnetic waves Light etc. PHY 2054 Spring 2011 April 13, 2011

  2. Title • Today we start the study of electromagnetic waves and LIGHT as in “let there be”. • This will lead to a discussion of • Polarization • Mirrors • Lenses • Perhaps interference and diffraction • There are available experiments for each of these. Not sure how far we will get but we will get there quickly!

  3. April 2011 Time is on the move!

  4. WHERE IS THE FINAL EXAM??

  5. What’s on Exam #3? • Questions! • 5 Multiple choice questions • Three problems covering • Magnetism • Induction • AC Circuits

  6. A sound wave • is a transverse wave • is a longitudinal wave • travels at the speed of light • has a color spectrum

  7. Sound Waves

  8. Light • James Clerk Maxwell (1831 - 1879) was a genius who studied the properties of Electricity and Magnetism. He took a mathematical approach. He published his first scientific paper when he was 15 years old. • The four mathematical equations Maxwell produced are ranked with Sir Isaac Newton's laws of motion and Albert Einstein's theory of relativity as the most fundamental contributions to (“classical” )physics. • Maxwell’s equations predicted that the electric field and the magnetic field could propagate through empty space. • The calculated velocity of these waves turned out to match the speed of light to a very close precision. • It was later demonstrated that these waves were, in fact, light waves.

  9. Maxwell’s Equations Gauss’s Law No Mag Poles!! Faraday’s Law Ampere’s Law Displacement Current

  10. Which way is the electric field at P pointing? A Left B Right C Up D Down E In/Out  P

  11. Electromagnetic Wave Generation

  12. There is also a current here so there is one of those B things.

  13. Both Together

  14. Propagation of Light • The electric and magnetic fields are predicted (and verified) to be perpendicular to each other. • The propagation velocity is found to be “c”, the speed of light in a vacuum. • c=3x108 m/sec. • Maxwell calculated that the speed of light in a vacuum to be

  15. Propagation of Light l • Since the E and B fields (vectors) are perpendicular to the direction of propagation, the wave is said to be TANSVERSE. • Because of this fact, the light wave can be “polarized” • The wavelength l of the wave is shown in the diagram. • The product of the frequency and the wavelength is c so we see that light can come in different wavelengths (c is a constant)

  16. Waving Along

  17. Sir Isaac

  18. The Electromagnetic Spectrum

  19. Polarization

  20. Polarization Polarized Unpolarized

  21. Changing It Around

  22. Crossed Polarizer's can Transmit light!

  23. Big Money!

  24. Today’s Experiment • Polarized Light • Read the material at the beginning of the experiment that we haven’t covered • Don’t read what we covered today • Do the experiment • Next time the math!

  25. Get a Blue Box and get to work!!! OPTICS STUFF

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