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Acromegaly

Acromegaly. By Kelsie Bonow. Acromegaly . Greek words “extremities” and “enlargement” Hormonal disorder – excess growth hormone (after puberty) Results in enlargement of body tissues Genetic alteration, not present at birth. Etiology. Benign tumor of pituitary gland (adenoma)

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Acromegaly

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  1. Acromegaly By Kelsie Bonow

  2. Acromegaly • Greek words “extremities” and “enlargement” • Hormonal disorder – excess growth hormone (after puberty) • Results in enlargement of body tissues • Genetic alteration, not present at birth

  3. Etiology • Benign tumor of pituitary gland (adenoma) • Body continues to produce growth hormone (GH) • IGH-I levels rise • Bone overgrowth, tissue enlargement • Non-pituitary tumors

  4. Signs and Symptoms - VISIBLE • Abnormal growth of hands and feet • Swelling – change in ring or shoe size • Enlarged jaw, tongue, and facial bones • Widely spaced teeth • Skin tags, skin and body odor, and thickening of skin • Skin and body odor, excessive sweating • Hoarseness

  5. Signs and Symptoms – NOT VISIBLE • Headache • Fatigue and weakness • Carpal tunnel • Joint pain • Abnormal menstrual cycle and erectile dysfunction • Deepening of voice • Sleep apnea • Impaired vision

  6. Diagnostics • Blood tests • GH level • Oral glucose tolerance test • IGF-I levels • Imaging • Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) • Computerized tomography (CT)

  7. Treatment • Surgery • 1st option • Rapid and effective • Experience of surgeon • Medical Therapy • Used if surgery is not a cure • Shrinks tumor before surgery • Somatostatin, GHRAs, dopamine agonists • Radio Therapy • Tumor remaining after surgery • Do not respond to medication

  8. Prognosis • Surgery successful in most patients • 55 – 80% overall remission rate after surgery • If left untreated.. • Symptoms worsen • Arthritis • Cardiovascular disease • Diabetes • High blood pressure • Vision abnormalities

  9. Prevention • There are no methods to prevent this condition, it is spontaneous. • Early treatment may prevent further complications.

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