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Energy Management: 2014/15

Energy Management: 2014/15. Class # 2 Portuguese Energetic Balance Prof. Tânia Sousa taniasousa@ist.utl.pt. The Portuguese Energetic Balance. What is the Portuguese Energetic Balance?. The Portuguese Energetic Balance.

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Energy Management: 2014/15

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  1. Energy Management:2014/15 Class # 2 Portuguese Energetic Balance Prof. Tânia Sousa taniasousa@ist.utl.pt

  2. The Portuguese Energetic Balance • Whatisthe Portuguese Energetic Balance?

  3. The Portuguese Energetic Balance • The Portuguese Energetic Balance, PEB, isanenergyaccountingframework to describetheannualenergyflows in Portugal for each fuel/energy vector • In Portugal the EB iselaboratedbythe Direcção Geral de Energia e Geologia (DGEG). • Data is (1) obtainnedwithsurveys to theconsumersand (2) providedbythesuppliersoftheenergeticmarket • PEB’s are available in excel files from 1990 in DGEG: http://www.dgeg.pt/ • Portuguese andothercountries’sEB’s are availablefrom IEA from 1960 or 1970 onwards

  4. The Portuguese Energetic Balance • Whattypeofquestions can anenergetic balance helpyouwith?

  5. The Portuguese Energetic Balance • Whattypeofissues can anenergetic balance helpyouwith? • Energy supply mix • Share of renewable energies in supply • Self-reliance in energysupply • Refiningefficiency • Electricityproductionefficiency • Per capita use of final energy • Energy intensity

  6. EnergyAccounting Framework: Production • Energyflowsconsidered for each individual fuel orenergytype

  7. EnergyAccounting Framework: Transformation • Energyflowsconsidered for each individual fuel orenergytype

  8. EnergyAccounting Framework: Final Use • Energyflowsconsidered for each individual fuel orenergytype

  9. EnergyAccounting Framework: Units • Theunitused in theEnergetic Balance is TOE (Ton ofoilequivalent) • 1 TOE = 41.87 GJ • ConversionFactors: • Natural Gas: • 45.1 GJ/ t = 1.077 toe/t • Heatreleasedonburning (LHV, HHV) • Electricity: • 1 GWh = 3600 GJ = 86 toe • Directheatequivalent CH4, N2 & O2 CO2, H2O, N2

  10. The Portuguese Energetic Balance • Anenergetic Balance is a matrix: • Eachtypeoffuel/energy vector isconsideredalongthecolumns • Eachrow captures theflowofenergy

  11. The Portuguese Energetic Balance • Anenergetic Balance is a matrix: • Eachtypeof fuel/energy vector isconsideredalongthecolumns • Eachrow captures theflowofenergy

  12. EnergyAccounting Framework: Production • Energyflowsconsidered for each individual fuel orenergytype

  13. EnergyAccounting Framework: Production • Mainflowsconsidered: • Imports (expanddomesticsupply) • DomesticProduction • Change in stocks (anincrease (decrease) in stocks represents a decrease (increase) in domesticsupply) • Exports (decreasedomesticsupply) • Bunkers (InternationalAviation & Internacional Maritimetransport) • How do youobtainconsumptionofprimaryenergy? Example: Cover fluctuations in supplyanddemand

  14. EnergyAccounting Framework: Production • Mainflowsconsidered: • Imports (expanddomesticsupply) • DomesticProduction • Change in stocks (anincrease (decrease) in stocks represents a decrease (increase) in domesticsupply) • Exports (decreasedomesticsupply) • Bunkers (InternationalAviation & Internacional Maritimetransport) Example:

  15. EnergyAccounting Framework: Production • Biggestenergyimportsandexports?... • Whattypesoffuels/energyvectors do weproduce in Portugal? • Highestconsumptionofprimaryenergy?

  16. EnergyAccounting Framework: Production • In 2010 • Thebiggestenergyimports (andexports) are oil • Themostrelevantdomesticproductioniselectricityandbiomass • Thehighestconsumptionofprimaryenergyisalsooil

  17. EnergyAccounting Framework: Production • Compare theimportsofnat. gas in 2008 withthemaximumcapacityofimporting(Campo-Maior -> 122.4 GWh/dayand Sines -> 192,8GWh/dia) Liquefaction of natural gas T=-162ºC Decrease in volume: 1/600

  18. EnergyAccounting Framework: Production • Compare theimportsofnat. gas in 2008 withthemaximumcapacityofimporting(Campo-Maior -> 122.4 GWh/dayand Sines -> 192,8 GWh/dia) • 4163167 toe /365 days= 48409 GWh /365 days= 133 GWh /day Storing Pressure: 180 bar Carriço storagecapacity (2155 GWh -> 16 dias)

  19. EnergyAccounting Framework: Production • Whatistheprimaryenergysupply for jets in 2008?

  20. EnergyAccounting Framework: Production • Whatistheprimaryenergysupply for jets in 2008? • Otherfuelshad a negative primaryenergysupply in 2008: fueloil, naphtha, gasoline, lubricant, paraffin, solvent, propylene • Whatisthemeaning?

  21. The Portuguese Energetic Balance • Anenergetic Balance is a matrix: • Eachtypeof fuel/energy vector isconsideredalongthecolumns • Eachrow captures theflowofenergy

  22. EnergyAccounting Framework: Transformation • Summarizingtheenergyflowconsidered for each individual fuel orenergytype

  23. EnergyAccounting Framework: Transformation • Mainflowsconsidered in theenergytransformation sector: • Transformationofprimaryintosecondaryenergies (consumptionappears (+), productionappears(-)) • Energysector’sown use (e.genergyused for pumping, iluminationandheating) includingtransmissionanddistributionlosses • Net supplyavailable • Statisticaldifference (betweenavailablefor final consumption& final consumption) • Consumption as raw material • How do youobtainenergyavailable for final consumption? Example: EnergeticOilProductsthat are alsoconsumed as raw material: naphta

  24. EnergyAccounting Framework: Transformation • Mainflowsconsidered in theenergytransformation sector: • Transformationofprimaryintosecondaryenergies(consumptionappears (+), productionappears (-)) • Energysector’sown use (e.genergyused for pumping, iluminationandheating) includingtransmissionanddistributionlosses • Net supplyavailable • Statisticaldifference (betweenavailablefor final consumption& final consumption) • How do youobtainenergyavailable for final consumption? Example:

  25. EnergyAccounting Framework: Transformation • Secondaryenergiesconsidered: Example: Whatisthemeaningofthesenumbers? Coalproducts Oilproducts (output fromrefinaries) Gases (producedfromnaphtha in thePetrochemicalindustry) Heat & Electricity

  26. EnergyAccounting Framework: Transformation • Secondaryenergiesconsidered: Example: Natural Gasused to produceElectricity Coalproducts Oilproducts (output fromrefinaries) Natural Gasused to produceElectricity & Heat Gases (producedfromnaphtha in thePetrochemicalindustry) Heat & Electricity

  27. EnergyAccounting Framework: Transformation • Secondaryenergiesconsidered: • Cogenerationofthe non-energetic sector isincludedhere Example: Central Barreiro (fechou fim 2009)

  28. EnergyAccounting Framework: Transformation • Energy Sector ownconsumption? Example:

  29. EnergyAccounting Framework: Transformation • Energy Sector ownconsumption: Example: Coal Sector OilEnergy Sector Natural GasorElectricEnergySectors ElectricEnergy Sector

  30. EnergyAccounting Framework: Transformation • Energy Sector ownconsumption: Example: Coal Sector Whatisthemeaningofthisterm? OilEnergy Sector Natural GasorElectricEnergySectors ElectricEnergy Sector

  31. EnergyAccounting Framework: Transformation • Energy Sector ownconsumption: Example: Coal Sector Natural Gaslost in thetransportation & distribution OilEnergy Sector Natural GasorElectricEnergySectors ElectricEnergy Sector

  32. EnergyAccounting Framework: Transformation • Whatistheenergeticconsumptionoftheelectric sector in TOE?

  33. EnergyAccounting Framework: Transformation • Whatistheenergeticconsumptionoftheelectric sector in TOE? • Itisequal to = 55 + 136439 + 54954 + 362576

  34. Conversion Processes (Fossil Fuels) • Oil

  35. Conversion Processes (Fossil Fuels) • Oil • Electricity (Setúbal – shut down in Dec. 2012) • Electricity & Heat (Cogeneration) • Transportation Fuels (Refineries in Sinese Matosinhos) • Non-energetic Materials (Refineries) • Coal Examples: chemicalindustry Refinery, Sines

  36. Conversion Processes (Fossil Fuels) • Oil • Electricity (Setúbal) • Electricity & Heat (Cogeneration) • Transportation Fuels (Refineries in Sinese Matosinhos) • Non-energetic Materials (Refineries) • Coal • Electricity (Pego & Sines) • Gas Examples: chemicalindustry Refinery, Sines Coal Power Plant, Sines

  37. Conversion Processes (Fossil Fuels) • Oil • Electricity (Setúbal) • Electricity & Heat (Cogeneration) • Transportation Fuels (Refineries in Sinese Matosinhos) • Non-energetic Materials (Refineries) • Coal • Electricity (Pego & Sines) • Gas • Electricity (TapadaOuteiro, Ribatejo, Lares, Pego) • Electricity & Heat (Cogeneration) Examples: chemicalindustry Refinery, Sines Examples: paperindustry CCTG Power Plant, TapadaOuteiro Coal Power Plant, Sines

  38. Conversion Processes (Fossil Fuels) • Oil • Crude oil& intermediateproducts areconsumedto produce: • Fuels (Refineries) • Non-energetic Materials (Refineries)

  39. Conversion Processes (Fossil Fuels) • Oil • Crude oil& intermediateproducts areconsumedto produce: • Fuels (Refineries) • Non-energetic Materials (Refineries) Fueloilisproduced in therefineries

  40. Conversion Processes (Fossil Fuels) • Oil • Electricity (Setúbal) Fueloilisconsumed to produceelectricity FueloilPowerPlant, Setúbal

  41. Conversion Processes (Fossil Fuels) • Oil • Electricity (Setúbal) • Electricity & Heat (Cogeneration)

  42. Conversion Processes (Renewables) • Solar • Heat • Electricity • Moura – Amareleja 46 MW • Serpa – Hércules 11 MW • Total – 157 MW (60 MW emmicrogeração) Central Solar FotovoltaícaMoura

  43. Conversion Processes (Renewables) • Wind • Electricity • Offshore 2 MW • Microgeneration 0.6 MW • Total 4300 MW • Hydro • Electricity • Fio de Água 2244 MW • Total 5250 MW

  44. Conversion Processes (Renewables) • Geothermal • Electricity (S. Miguel – 10MW) • Biomass • Electricity • Total: 116 MW • Electricity & Heat (Cogeneration) • 459 MW Central Geotérmica S. Miguel, Açores Central ResíduosFlorestaisMortágua

  45. Conversion Processes (Renewables) Paperindustry • Black Liquor • Electricity & Heat (Cogeneration) • Biodiesel • Transportation Fuels • Biogás • Electricity (43 MW) • Electricity & Heat (Cogeneration) • Urban Waste • Electricity (77 MW) • Industrial Waste • Electricity & Heat (Cogeneration) ValorSul, Lisboa AterroSanitário com aproveitamentoBiogás, Portimão

  46. EnergyAccounting Framework: Transformation • Whatisthemeanefficiency in producingthermoelectricity? Meaning ?

  47. EnergyAccounting Framework: Transformation • Whatisthemeanefficiency in producingthermoelectricity? Thermoelectricityproducedwithcoal, oil, natural gas, biomass, urbanwasteandbiogas Coalused to produceelectricity

  48. EnergyAccounting Framework: Transformation • Whatisthemeanefficiency in producingthermoelectricity? Thermoelectricityproducedwithcoal, oil, natural gas, biomass, urbanwasteandbiogas Coalused to produceelectricity

  49. EnergyAccounting Framework: Transformation • Whatistheefficiency in producingelectricityfromurbanwaste in 2008? • ValorSul 286 GWh • Lipor 191 GWh • ValorAmbiente 53 GWh

  50. EnergyAccounting Framework: Transformation • Whatistheefficiency in producingelectricityfromurbanwaste in 2008? • ValorSul 286 GWh • Lipor 191 GWh • ValorAmbiente 53 GWh • Whatistheefficiency in producingelectricityfromcoal?

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