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Halliday/Resnick/Walker Fundamentals of Physics 8 th edition

Halliday/Resnick/Walker Fundamentals of Physics 8 th edition. Classroom Response System Questions. Chapter 5 Forces and Motion. Interactive Lecture Questions.

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Halliday/Resnick/Walker Fundamentals of Physics 8 th edition

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  1. Halliday/Resnick/WalkerFundamentals of Physics 8th edition • Classroom Response System Questions Chapter 5 Forces and Motion Interactive Lecture Questions

  2. 5.3.1. A pipe is bent into the shape shown and oriented so that it is sitting horizontally on a table top. You are looking at the pipe from above. The interior of the pipe is smooth. A marble is shot into one end and exits the other end. Which one of the paths shown in the drawing will the marble follow when it leaves the pipe? a) 1 b) 2 c) 3 d) 4 e) 5

  3. 5.3.1. A pipe is bent into the shape shown and oriented so that it is sitting horizontally on a table top. You are looking at the pipe from above. The interior of the pipe is smooth. A marble is shot into one end and exits the other end. Which one of the paths shown in the drawing will the marble follow when it leaves the pipe? a) 1 b) 2 c) 3 d) 4 e) 5

  4. 5.3.2. If an object is moving can you conclude there are forces acting on it? If an object is at rest, can you conclude there are no forces acting on it? Consider each of the following situations. In which one of the following cases, if any, are there no forces acting on the object? a) A bolt that came loose from a satellite orbits the earth at a constant speed. b) After a gust of wind has blown through a tree, an apple falls to the ground. c) A man rests by leaning against a tall building in downtown Dallas. d) Sometime after her parachute opened, the sky diver fell toward the ground at a constant velocity. e) Forces are acting on all of the objects in choices a, b, c, and d.

  5. 5.3.2. If an object is moving can you conclude there are forces acting on it? If an object is at rest, can you conclude there are no forces acting on it? Consider each of the following situations. In which one of the following cases, if any, are there no forces acting on the object? a) A bolt that came loose from a satellite orbits the earth at a constant speed. b) After a gust of wind has blown through a tree, an apple falls to the ground. c) A man rests by leaning against a tall building in downtown Dallas. d) Sometime after her parachute opened, the sky diver fell toward the ground at a constant velocity. e) Forces are acting on all of the objects in choices a, b, c, and d.

  6. 5.3.3. A child is driving a bumper car at an amusement park. During one interval of the ride, she is traveling at the car’s maximum speed when she crashes into a bumper attached to one of the side walls. During the collision, her glasses fly forward from her face. Which of the following statements best describes why the glasses flew from her face? a) The glasses continued moving forward because there was too little force acting on them to hold them on her face during the collision. b) During the collision, the girl’s face pushed the glasses forward. c) The glasses continued moving forward because the force of the air on them was less than the force of the girl’s face on them. d) During the collision, the car pushed the girl forward causing her glasses to fly off her face. e) During the collision, the wall pushed the car backward and the girl reacted by pushing her glasses forward.

  7. 5.3.3. A child is driving a bumper car at an amusement park. During one interval of the ride, she is traveling at the car’s maximum speed when she crashes into a bumper attached to one of the side walls. During the collision, her glasses fly forward from her face. Which of the following statements best describes why the glasses flew from her face? a) The glasses continued moving forward because there was too little force acting on them to hold them on her face during the collision. b) During the collision, the girl’s face pushed the glasses forward. c) The glasses continued moving forward because the force of the air on them was less than the force of the girl’s face on them. d) During the collision, the car pushed the girl forward causing her glasses to fly off her face. e) During the collision, the wall pushed the car backward and the girl reacted by pushing her glasses forward.

  8. 5.3.4. A circus clown is riding a very tall unicycle in a straight line along a flat, horizontal surface. While she is riding, she is also juggling a set of balls in a vertical circle. As one of the balls reaches her hand, it slips and falls to the floor. Which one of the following locations best describes where the ball strikes the floor? a) far in front of the clown b) just ahead of the clown c) directly below the clown d) just behind the clown e) far behind the clown

  9. 5.3.4. A circus clown is riding a very tall unicycle in a straight line along a flat, horizontal surface. While she is riding, she is also juggling a set of balls in a vertical circle. As one of the balls reaches her hand, it slips and falls to the floor. Which one of the following locations best describes where the ball strikes the floor? a) far in front of the clown b) just ahead of the clown c) directly below the clown d) just behind the clown e) far behind the clown

  10. 5.3.5. A circus clown is riding a very tall unicycle in a straight line along a flat, horizontal surface. While she is riding, she is also juggling a set of balls in a vertical circle. At one point, she throws a ball vertically upward, but fails to catch it when it comes back down. Which one of the following locations best describes where the ball strikes the floor? a) far in front of the clown b) just ahead of the clown c) directly below the clown d) just behind the clown e) far behind the clown

  11. 5.3.5. A circus clown is riding a very tall unicycle in a straight line along a flat, horizontal surface. While she is riding, she is also juggling a set of balls in a vertical circle. At one point, she throws a ball vertically upward, but fails to catch it when it comes back down. Which one of the following locations best describes where the ball strikes the floor? a) far in front of the clown b) just ahead of the clown c) directly below the clown d) just behind the clown e) far behind the clown

  12. 5.6.1. A car of mass m is moving at a speed 3v in the left lane on a highway. In the right lane, a truck of mass 3m is moving at a speed v. As the car is passing the truck, the driver notices that the traffic light ahead has turned yellow. Both drivers apply the brakes to stop ahead. What is the ratio of the force required to stop the truck to that required to stop the car? Assume each vehicle stops with a constant deceleration and stops in the same distance x. a) 1/9 b) 1/3 c) 1 d) 3 e) 9

  13. 5.6.1. A car of mass m is moving at a speed 3v in the left lane on a highway. In the right lane, a truck of mass 3m is moving at a speed v. As the car is passing the truck, the driver notices that the traffic light ahead has turned yellow. Both drivers apply the brakes to stop ahead. What is the ratio of the force required to stop the truck to that required to stop the car? Assume each vehicle stops with a constant deceleration and stops in the same distance x. a) 1/9 b) 1/3 c) 1 d) 3 e) 9

  14. 5.6.2. A car is driving due south through a parking lot and its speed is monitored. Prepare a graph of the car’s speed versus time using the following data: Segment A: the car begins at rest and uniformly accelerates to 5 m/s in an elapsed time of 2 s. Segment B: for the next 10 seconds, the car moves at a constant speed of 5 m/s. Segment C: during the next 2 seconds, the car uniformly slows to 3 m/s. Segment D: for the next 4 seconds, the car travels at a constant speed of 3 m/s. Using your graph, determine which one of the following statements is false. a) Net forces act on the car during intervals A and C. b) No net force acts on the car during interval B. c) Opposing forces may be acting on the car during interval C. d) The magnitude of the net force acting during interval A is less than that during C. e) Opposing forces may be acting on the car during interval B.

  15. 5.6.2. A car is driving due south through a parking lot and its speed is monitored. Prepare a graph of the car’s speed versus time using the following data: Segment A: the car begins at rest and uniformly accelerates to 5 m/s in an elapsed time of 2 s. Segment B: for the next 10 seconds, the car moves at a constant speed of 5 m/s. Segment C: during the next 2 seconds, the car uniformly slows to 3 m/s. Segment D: for the next 4 seconds, the car travels at a constant speed of 3 m/s. Using your graph, determine which one of the following statements is false. a) Net forces act on the car during intervals A and C. b) No net force acts on the car during interval B. c) Opposing forces may be acting on the car during interval C. d) The magnitude of the net force acting during interval A is less than that during C. e) Opposing forces may be acting on the car during interval B.

  16. 5.6.3 The graph shows the velocities of two objects as a function of time. During the intervals A, B, and C indicated, net forces , , and act on the two objects, respectively. If the objects have equal mass, which one of the following choices is the correct relationship between the magnitudes of the three net forces? a) FA > FB = FC b) FC > FA > FB c) FA < FB < FC d) FA = FB = FC e) FA = FC > FB

  17. 5.6.3 The graph shows the velocities of two objects as a function of time. During the intervals A, B, and C indicated, net forces , , and act on the two objects, respectively. If the objects have equal mass, which one of the following choices is the correct relationship between the magnitudes of the three net forces? a) FA > FB = FC b) FC > FA > FB c) FA < FB < FC d) FA = FB = FC e) FA = FC > FB

  18. 5.6.4. The drawing shows a steel ball flying at constant velocity from point A to point B in a region of space where the effects of gravity are negligible. During the short time that passes as the ball flies past point B, a magnet exerts a force on it in the direction of the magnet. Which of the following trajectories does the ball follow beyond point B? a) 1 b) 2 c) 3 d) 4 e) 5

  19. 5.6.4. The drawing shows a steel ball flying at constant velocity from point A to point B in a region of space where the effects of gravity are negligible. During the short time that passes as the ball flies past point B, a magnet exerts a force on it in the direction of the magnet. Which of the following trajectories does the ball follow beyond point B? a) 1 b) 2 c) 3 d) 4 e) 5

  20. 5.6.5. A 912-kg car is being driven down a straight, level road at a constant speed of 31.5 m/s. When the driver sees a police cruiser ahead, she removes her foot from the accelerator. After 8.00 s, the speed of the car is 24.6 m/s, which is the posted speed limit. What is the magnitude of the average net force acting on the car during the 8.00 s interval? a) 55.2 N b) 445 N c) 629 N d) 787 N e) 864 N

  21. 5.6.5. A 912-kg car is being driven down a straight, level road at a constant speed of 31.5 m/s. When the driver sees a police cruiser ahead, she removes her foot from the accelerator. After 8.00 s, the speed of the car is 24.6 m/s, which is the posted speed limit. What is the magnitude of the average net force acting on the car during the 8.00 s interval? a) 55.2 N b) 445 N c) 629 N d) 787 N e) 864 N

  22. 5.6.6. An object is moving due south at a constant velocity. Then, a net force directed due west acts on the object for a short time interval, after which, the net force on the object is zero newtons. Which one of the following statements concerning the object is necessarily true? a) The final velocity of the object will be directed south of west. b) The final velocity of the object will be directed due south. c) The direction of acceleration of the object while the force was being applied was south of west. d) The magnitude of the object’s acceleration while the force was being applied was dependent on the object’s initial velocity. e) The change in the object’s velocity while the force was applied was directed south of east.

  23. 5.6.6. An object is moving due south at a constant velocity. Then, a net force directed due west acts on the object for a short time interval, after which, the net force on the object is zero newtons. Which one of the following statements concerning the object is necessarily true? a) The final velocity of the object will be directed south of west. b) The final velocity of the object will be directed due south. c) The direction of acceleration of the object while the force was being applied was south of west. d) The magnitude of the object’s acceleration while the force was being applied was dependent on the object’s initial velocity. e) The change in the object’s velocity while the force was applied was directed south of east.

  24. 5.7.1. A cannon fires a ball vertically upward from the Earth’s surface. Which one of the following statements concerning the net force acting on the ball at the top of its trajectory is correct? a) The net force on the ball is instantaneously equal to zero newtons at the top of the flight path. b) The direction of the net force on the ball changes from upward to downward. c) The net force on the ball is less than the weight, but greater than zero newtons. d) The net force on the ball is greater than the weight of the ball. e) The net force on the ball is equal to the weight of the ball.

  25. 5.7.1. A cannon fires a ball vertically upward from the Earth’s surface. Which one of the following statements concerning the net force acting on the ball at the top of its trajectory is correct? a) The net force on the ball is instantaneously equal to zero newtons at the top of the flight path. b) The direction of the net force on the ball changes from upward to downward. c) The net force on the ball is less than the weight, but greater than zero newtons. d) The net force on the ball is greater than the weight of the ball. e) The net force on the ball is equal to the weight of the ball.

  26. 5.7.2. If an object at the surface of the Earth has a weight W, what would be the weight of the object if it was transported to the surface of a planet that is one-sixth the mass of Earth and has a radius one third that of Earth? a) 3W b) 4W/3 c) W d) 3W/2 e) W/3

  27. 5.7.2. If an object at the surface of the Earth has a weight W, what would be the weight of the object if it was transported to the surface of a planet that is one-sixth the mass of Earth and has a radius one third that of Earth? a) 3W b) 4W/3 c) W d) 3W/2 e) W/3

  28. 5.7.3. Two objects that may be considered point masses are initially separated by a distance d. The separation distance is then decreased to d/3. How does the gravitational force between these two objects change as a result of the decrease? a) The force will not change since it is only dependent on the masses of the objects. b) The force will be nine times larger than the initial value. c) The force will be three times larger than the initial value. d) The force will be one third of the initial value. e) The force will be one ninth of the initial value.

  29. 5.7.3. Two objects that may be considered point masses are initially separated by a distance d. The separation distance is then decreased to d/3. How does the gravitational force between these two objects change as a result of the decrease? a) The force will not change since it is only dependent on the masses of the objects. b) The force will be nine times larger than the initial value. c) The force will be three times larger than the initial value. d) The force will be one third of the initial value. e) The force will be one ninth of the initial value.

  30. 5.7.4. Two satellites of masses m and 2m are at opposite sides of the same circular orbit about the Earth. Which one of the following statements is true? a) The magnitude of the gravitational force is greater for the satellite of mass 2m than it is for the other satellite. b) The magnitude of the gravitational force is the same for both satellites; and it is greater than zero newtons. c) Since the satellites are moving at a constant velocity, the gravitational force on the satellites must be zero newtons. d) The magnitude of the gravitational force is greater for the satellite of mass m than it is for the other satellite. e) The satellite of mass 2m must move faster in the orbit than the other and eventually they will be on the same side of the Earth.

  31. 5.7.4. Two satellites of masses m and 2m are at opposite sides of the same circular orbit about the Earth. Which one of the following statements is true? a) The magnitude of the gravitational force is greater for the satellite of mass 2m than it is for the other satellite. b) The magnitude of the gravitational force is the same for both satellites; and it is greater than zero newtons. c) Since the satellites are moving at a constant velocity, the gravitational force on the satellites must be zero newtons. d) The magnitude of the gravitational force is greater for the satellite of mass m than it is for the other satellite. e) The satellite of mass 2m must move faster in the orbit than the other and eventually they will be on the same side of the Earth.

  32. 5.7.5. An astronaut, whose mass on the surface of the Earth is m, orbits the Earth in the space shuttle at an altitude of 450 km. What is her mass while orbiting in the space shuttle? a) 0.125m b) 0.25m c) 0.50m d) 0.75m e) m

  33. 5.7.5. An astronaut, whose mass on the surface of the Earth is m, orbits the Earth in the space shuttle at an altitude of 450 km. What is her mass while orbiting in the space shuttle? a) 0.125m b) 0.25m c) 0.50m d) 0.75m e) m

  34. 5.7.6. A free-body diagram is shown for the following situation: a force pulls on a crate of mass m on a rough surface. The diagram shows the magnitudes and directions of the forces that act on the crate in this situation. represents the normal force on the crate, represents the weight of the crate, and represents the frictional force. Which one of the following actions would result in an increase in the normal force? a) Pf /  b) Pf c) Pf  mg d) mg e) zero

  35. 5.7.6. A free-body diagram is shown for the following situation: a force pulls on a crate of mass m on a rough surface. The diagram shows the magnitudes and directions of the forces that act on the crate in this situation. represents the normal force on the crate, represents the weight of the crate, and represents the frictional force. Which one of the following actions would result in an increase in the normal force? a) Pf /  b) Pf c) Pf  mg d) mg e) zero

  36. 5.7.7. A free-body diagram is shown for the following situation: a force pulls on a crate that is sitting on a rough surface. The force is directed at an angle  above the horizontal direction. The diagram shows the magnitudes and directions of the forces that act on the crate in this situation. represents the normal force on the crate, represents the weight of the crate, and represents the frictional force. Which one of the following actions would result in an increase in the normal force? a) Decrease the angle . b) Increase the magnitude of . c) Decrease the coefficient of friction. d) Decrease the magnitude of . e) Increase the coefficient of friction

  37. 5.7.7. A free-body diagram is shown for the following situation: a force pulls on a crate that is sitting on a rough surface. The force is directed at an angle  above the horizontal direction. The diagram shows the magnitudes and directions of the forces that act on the crate in this situation. represents the normal force on the crate, represents the weight of the crate, and represents the frictional force. Which one of the following actions would result in an increase in the normal force? a) Decrease the angle . b) Increase the magnitude of . c) Decrease the coefficient of friction. d) Decrease the magnitude of . e) Increase the coefficient of friction

  38. 5.7.8. Consider the three cases shown in the drawing in which the same force is applied to a box of mass M. In which case(s) will the magnitude of the normal force on the box be equal to (F sin + Mg)? a) Case One only b) Case Two only c) Case Three only d) Cases One and Two only e) Cases Two and Three only

  39. 5.7.8. Consider the three cases shown in the drawing in which the same force is applied to a box of mass M. In which case(s) will the magnitude of the normal force on the box be equal to (F sin + Mg)? a) Case One only b) Case Two only c) Case Three only d) Cases One and Two only e) Cases Two and Three only

  40. 5.7.9. Consider the situation shown in the drawing. Block A has a mass 1.0 kg and block B has a mass 3.0 kg. The two blocks are connected by a very light rope of negligible mass that passes over a pulley as shown. The coefficient of kinetic friction for the blocks on the ramp is 0.33. The ramp is angled at  = 45. At time t = 0 s, block A is released with an initial speed of 6.0 m/s. What is the tension in the rope? a) 11.8 N b) 7.88 N c) 15.8 N d) 13.6 N e) 9.80 N

  41. 5.7.9. Consider the situation shown in the drawing. Block A has a mass 1.0 kg and block B has a mass 3.0 kg. The two blocks are connected by a very light rope of negligible mass that passes over a pulley as shown. The coefficient of kinetic friction for the blocks on the ramp is 0.33. The ramp is angled at  = 45. At time t = 0 s, block A is released with an initial speed of 6.0 m/s. What is the tension in the rope? a) 11.8 N b) 7.88 N c) 15.8 N d) 13.6 N e) 9.80 N

  42. 5.7.10. During a baseball game, a boy throws a ball from second base to first base. The initial velocity of the ball is directed at an angle of about 10 above the horizontal plane. Which one of the following free-body diagrams best represents the forces applied to the ball as it is caught by the first baseman?

  43. 5.7.10. During a baseball game, a boy throws a ball from second base to first base. The initial velocity of the ball is directed at an angle of about 10 above the horizontal plane. Which one of the following free-body diagrams best represents the forces applied to the ball as it is caught by the first baseman?

  44. 5.7.11. Consider the three blocks shown in the drawing. The masses of the blocks are given and there are frictional forces acting at the interface between the blocks and the horizontal surface. A force is applied on block 1 as shown. Complete the following statement: The net force acting on block 3 is a) zero newtons b) less than F c) equal to F d) greater than F

  45. 5.7.11. Consider the three blocks shown in the drawing. The masses of the blocks are given and there are frictional forces acting at the interface between the blocks and the horizontal surface. A force is applied on block 1 as shown. Complete the following statement: The net force acting on block 3 is a) zero newtons b) less than F c) equal to F d) greater than F

  46. 5.7.12. Consider the three blocks shown in the drawing. The masses of the blocks are given and there are frictional forces acting at the interface between the blocks and the horizontal surface. A force is applied on block 1 as shown. Complete the following statement: The magnitude of the friction force acting on block 3 is a) zero newtons b) less than F c) equal to F d) greater than F

  47. 5.7.12. Consider the three blocks shown in the drawing. The masses of the blocks are given and there are frictional forces acting at the interface between the blocks and the horizontal surface. A force is applied on block 1 as shown. Complete the following statement: The magnitude of the friction force acting on block 3 is a) zero newtons b) less than F c) equal to F d) greater than F

  48. 5.8.1. A water skier is being pulled by a rope attached to a speed boat moving at a constant velocity. Consider the following four forces: (1) the force of the boat pulling the rope, (2) the force of the skier pulling on the rope, (3) the force of the boat pushing the water, and (4) the force of the water pushing on the boat. Which two forces are an “action-reaction” pair that is consistent with Newton’s third law of motion? a) 1 and 2 b) 2 and 3 c) 2 and 4 d) 3 and 4 e) 1 and 4

  49. 5.8.1. A water skier is being pulled by a rope attached to a speed boat moving at a constant velocity. Consider the following four forces: (1) the force of the boat pulling the rope, (2) the force of the skier pulling on the rope, (3) the force of the boat pushing the water, and (4) the force of the water pushing on the boat. Which two forces are an “action-reaction” pair that is consistent with Newton’s third law of motion? a) 1 and 2 b) 2 and 3 c) 2 and 4 d) 3 and 4 e) 1 and 4

  50. 5.8.2. A large crate is lifted vertically at constant speed by a rope attached to a helicopter. Consider the following four forces that arise in this situation: (1) the weight of the helicopter, (2) the weight of the crate, (3) the force of the crate pulling on the earth, and (4) the force of the helicopter pulling on the rope. Which one of the following relationships concerning the forces or their magnitudes is correct? a) The magnitude of force 4 is greater than that of force 2. b) The magnitude of force 4 is greater than that of force 1. c) Forces 3 and 4 are equal in magnitude, but oppositely directed. d) Forces 2 and 4 are equal in magnitude, but oppositely directed. e) The magnitude of force 1 is less than that of force 2.

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