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Exploring Aeronautics. Presented by Lisa Ogle Ames Research Center, Moffett Field, CA. EARLY FLIGHT 1903. Wright Brothers December 17, 1903 - Kitty Hawk, NC First controlled powered flight. Modern Flight. WWI - wood & fabric WWII - metal Jet Age - design
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Exploring Aeronautics Presented by Lisa Ogle Ames Research Center, Moffett Field, CA
EARLY FLIGHT1903 Wright Brothers • December 17, 1903 - Kitty Hawk, NC • First controlled powered flight
Modern Flight • WWI - wood & fabric • WWII - metal • Jet Age - design • Bell X-1 - Chuck Yeager speed of sound (mach 1.06) Oct. 14, 1947 • Commercial - pressurized, nurses (1st flight attendants), & composites
Future Aircrafts Blended Wing Body X-43 Scram Jet Morphing plane
Four Forces of Flight Pushes airplane away from Earth Resistance that slows airplane motion Propels airplane forward Pulls airplane towards Earth
Bernoulli’s Principle • States that faster moving air causes air pressure to be lowered • Paper investigation
Control Surfaces • Elevators - Pitch • Rudder - Yaw • Ailerons - Roll
Controls of Flight • Pitch = plane turns on lateral axis (nose up & down) • Yaw = plane turns on vertical axis (nose moves Left or Right) • Roll = plane turns around longitudinal axis (one wing up & other wing down
Newton’s Laws of Motion • 1st Law: A body in motion remains in motion, a body at rest remains at rest until acted on by an outside force (Inertia) • 2nd Law: F = ma • Implies that if the force is the same, then the bigger the mass, the smaller the acceleration • 3rd Law: For every action, there is an equal and opposite reaction
Research Engineer • What variables can you change? • What are the controls? • How do Newton’s Laws affect flight?
Rotor Motor • What variables can you change? • What are the controls? • What is the number of rotations at various heights? How can you count them?
X-Glider Activity • What variables can you change? • What are the controls? • What happens when you change the wing type?