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ALWAYS LOOK ON THE BRIGHT SIDE !. BEING A NONNATIVE Péter Medgyes. Native English-Speaking Teachers ↓ NESTs Nonnative English-Speaking Teachers ↓ Non-NESTs. Aims. compare NESTs and non-NESTs pinpoint differences focus on non-NESTs touch upon our disadvantages
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ALWAYS LOOK ON THE BRIGHT SIDE ! BEING A NONNATIVE Péter Medgyes
NativeEnglish-SpeakingTeachers ↓NESTsNonnativeEnglish-SpeakingTeachers↓Non-NESTs
Aims • compare NESTs and non-NESTs • pinpoint differences • focus on non-NESTs • touch upon our disadvantages • dwell longer on our advantages
Hypotheses: Set 1 • NESTs & non-NESTs differ in terms of their language proficiency.
Hypotheses: Set 1 • NESTs & non-NESTs differ in terms of their language proficiency. • NESTs & non-NESTs differ in terms of their teaching behaviour.
Hypotheses: Set 1 • NESTs & non-NESTs differ in terms of their language proficiency. • NESTs & non-NESTs differ in terms of their teaching behaviour. • The discrepancy in language proficiency accounts for most of the differences found in their teaching behaviour.
Hypotheses: Set 1 • NESTs & non-NESTs differ in terms of their language proficiency. • NESTs & non-NESTs differ in terms of their teaching behaviour. • The discrepancy in language proficiency accounts for most of the differences found in their teaching behaviour. • NESTs & non-NESTs can be equally good teachers – on their own terms.
Who would you employ? • Only a NEST. • Preferably a NEST. • Makes no difference. • Can’ttell.
Hypotheses: Set 2 Non-NESTs can: • provide a better learner model.
Hypotheses: Set 2 Non-NESTs can: • provide a better learner model. • teach learning strategies more effectively.
Hypotheses: Set 2 Non-NESTs can: • provide a better learner model. • teach learning strategies more effectively. • supply more information about English.
Enough • Mycar is bigenough. • Thereare more thanenoughcarsontheroads of Budapest. • Myvolkswagenisn’t a bigenoughcarforourfamily. • Thereare more thanenoughbigcarsontheroads of Budapest. • Thisshould be explanationenoughwhythemayor of Budapest considersintroducing a toll inthe city centre.
Hypotheses: Set 2 Non-NESTs can: • provide a better learner model. • teach learning strategies more effectively. • supply more information about English. • anticipate & prevent language difficulties more effectively.
Hypotheses: Set 2 Non-NESTs can: • provide a better learner model. • teach learning strategies more effectively. • supply more information about English. • anticipate & prevent language difficulties more effectively. • show more empathy to students’ needs & problems.
Hypotheses: Set 2 Non-NESTs can: • provide a better learner model. • teach learning strategies more effectively. • supply more information about English. • anticipate & prevent language difficulties more effectively. • show more empathy to students’ needs & problems. • benefit from the students’ mother tongue.
Critique • Linguists
Critique • Linguists • P. C. activists
Critique • Linguists • P. C. activists • Teacher educators
Critique • Linguists • P. C. activists • Teacher educators • Advocacy groups
On the credit side • Publications • Non-NEST researchers • Confidence boost
Whatwouldyoutellyournewnon-NESTtodo? • Pretendto be a nativespeaker of English. • Revealyournonnativeidentity. • Doasyouplease.
WhenNESTsreignedsupreme • Inferiority complex
WhenNESTsreignedsupreme • Inferioritycomplex • The Centre ↔ The Periphery
WhenNESTsreignedsupreme • Inferioritycomplex • The Centre ↔ The Periphery • BANA ↔ TESEP
Hurray! 97 percent of the ELT profession consists of non-NESTs.
Action plan • Teacher supply • English as a lingua franca (ELF) • Younglearners • Content & languageintegratedlearning (CLIL) • Information & communicationtechnology (ICT) • In-school + out-of-school • Languageimprovementfornon-NESTs • NEST jobapplicants • CollaborationbetweenNESTs & non-NESTs
References • Braine, G. (Ed.) (1999). Non-native educators in English language teaching. Mahwah, New Jersey/London: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates. • Braine, G. (2010). Nonnative speaker English teachers: research, pedagogy, and professional growth. New York/London: Routledge. • Graddol, D. (2006). English next. London: The British Council. • Holliday, A. (1994). Appropriate methodology and social context. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. • Jenkins, J. (2000). The phonology of English as an international language. Oxford: Oxford University Press. • Kirkpatrick, A. (2007). World Englishes: implications for international communication and English languageteaching. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. • Mahboob, A., Uhrig, K., Newman, K. L. & Hartford, B. S. (2004). Children of a lesser English: status of nonnative English as a second language teachers in the United States. In L. D. Kamhi-Stein (Ed.) Learning and teaching from experience: perspectives on nonnative English-speaking professionals (pp. 100-120). The University of Michigan Press: Ann Arbor. • Medgyes, P. (1992). Native or non-native: who’s worth more? English Language Teaching Journal, 46,340-349. • Medgyes, P. (1994). The non-native teacher. Houndsmills: Macmillan; (1999) 2nd edition. Ismaning: Max HueberVerlag. • Paikeday, T. M. (1985). The native speaker is dead! Toronto: Paikeday Publishing Inc. • Phillipson, R. (1992). Linguistic imperialism. Oxford: Oxford University Press. • Popper, K. (1968). Conjectures and refutations. New York: Harper & Row. • Povey, J. (1977). The role of English in Africa. English Teaching Forum, 15(3), 27-29. • Seidlhofer, B. (2011). Understanding English as a lingua franca. Oxford: Oxford University Press. • Sowden, C. (2012). ELF on a mushroom: the overnight growth in English as a lingua franca. English Language Teaching Journal, 66, 89-96. • Widdowson, H. G. (1994). The ownership of English. TESOL Quarterly 29, 377-389.