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list #1 : Early/Manned Flights 1. Sputnik 1 2. Explorer 1 3. NASA 4. Yuri Gagarin

list #1 : Early/Manned Flights 1. Sputnik 1 2. Explorer 1 3. NASA 4. Yuri Gagarin 5. Alan B. Shepard 6. John Glenn , Jr. 7. Valentina Tereshkova 8. Project Mercury 9. Project Gemini 10. Neil Armstrong 11. Edwin “Buzz” Armstrong 12. Apollo 11 13. Eagle lander.

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list #1 : Early/Manned Flights 1. Sputnik 1 2. Explorer 1 3. NASA 4. Yuri Gagarin

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  1. list #1 : Early/Manned Flights 1. Sputnik 1 2. Explorer 1 3. NASA 4. Yuri Gagarin 5. Alan B. Shepard 6. John Glenn , Jr. 7. Valentina Tereshkova 8. Project Mercury 9. Project Gemini 10. Neil Armstrong 11. Edwin “Buzz” Armstrong 12. Apollo 11 13. Eagle lander list #2: Recent Exploration 1. Shuttle Challenger 2. Shuttle Columbia 3. Skylab 4. International Space Station 5. Luna I 6. Viking I & II 7. Voyager 2 8. orbiter spacecraft 9. lander spacecraft 10. rover spacecraft 11. Spirit & Opportunity 12. Echo I 13. NOAA Sc6: U4.3 Exploring Space

  2. THE EARLIEST SPACECRAFT • SPUTNIK I : 1ST SPACE SATELLITE (OCT., 1957) LAUNCHED BY SOVIET UNION • PLACED INTO LOW EARTH ORBIT1ORBITED EARTH • TRANSMITTED “BEEPS” AS IT ORBITED • 1958 NASA FORMED TO LEAD AMERICAN EFFORT • NATIONAL AERONAUTICS AND SPACE ADMINISTRATION • EXPLORER I: 1ST AMERICAN SATELLITE (JAN., 1958) TO REACH ORBIT

  3. EARLY MANNED SPACEFLIGHT • APRIL, 1961: SOVIET YURI GARGARIN IS 1ST HUMAN IN SPACE, 1ST TO ORBIT EARTH • MAY, 1961: ALAN B. SHEPARD IS 1ST AMERICAN TO REACH SPACE (SUB-ORBITAL) • FLEW IN ONE-PERSON MERCURY “FRIENDSHIP 7” SPACECRAFT • FLIGHT LASTED 15 MINUTES, SPLASHED DOWN IN ATLANTIC OCEAN • JULY, 1961: JOHN GLENN IS 1ST AMERICAN TO ORBIT EARTH (MERCURY SPACECRAFT • JUNE, 1963: SOVIET VALENTINA V. TERESHKOVA BECOMES 1ST FEMALE IN SPACE • MARCH, 1965: EDWARD H. WHITE BECOME 1ST AMERICAN TO PERFORM “SPACEWALK” • FLEW IN 2 PERSON GEMINI SPACECRAFT • A TRANSITION TO THE 3 PERSON APOLLO CRAFT

  4. JULY 20, 1969: APOLLO 11 BECOMES 1ST MANNED MISSION TO LAND ON THE MOON • COMMAND SPACECRAFT “COLUMBIA” MANNED BY MICHAEL COLLINS • ORBITED ABOVE MOON • NEIL ARMSTRONG, EDWIN ALDRIN DESCEND TO MOON IN THE LUNAR LANDER “EAGLE” • EAGLE TOUCHES DOWN IN THE SEA OF TRANQUILITY • NEIL ARMSTRONG (1ST), EDWIN “BUZZ” ALDRIN ARE 1ST MEN TO WALK ON MOON • 5 MORE APOLLO MISSIONS LANDED ON THE MOON (LAST ONE : APOLLO17) • APOLLO 13 EXPLODED, ASTRONAUTS’ LIVES ENDANGERED, NEVER LANDED ON MOON

  5.  THE SPACE SHUTTLES: A RE-USEABLE SPACECRAFT WITH A LARGE PAYLOAD BAY • LANDED ON A HUGE RUN-WAY, OVER 100 SHUTTLE MISSIONS FLOWN • REPAIRED SATELLITES, RAN EXPERIMENTS, LAUNCHED HUBBLE • 1986: SHUTTLE CHALLENGER EXPLODED ON LAUNCH • 7 ASTRONAUTS KILLED • 1ST TEACHER IN SPACE, CHRISTA MCAULIFFE AMONG CAUSALITIES • 2003: SHUTTLE COLUMBIA LOST HEAT SHIELD TILES AND DISINTEGRATED, KILLING 7

  6. the Space Stations: long-term, manned spacecraft in orbit around earth • 1971: Soviet Salyut I, then in 1986 the Soviet Mir space stations studied earth • 1973: the US. space station Skylab remained operational for over 6 years • 1998: the International Space Station began construction and continues to operate • Currently the largest object ever in orbit, now visited by “Dragon” supply ship • manned permanently by an international crew

  7. Notable Unmanned Probes, Orbiters, Landers, and Rovers • 1959: Soviet Luna I 1st to reach, fly-by moon • 1962: US. Marnier 10 does a fly-by of Venus • 1972: Pioneer 10 does fly-by of Jupiter • 1976: Viking 1 & 2 land on Mars (landers) • 1977: Voyager 1 & 2 launched, later fly-by major planets

  8. Orbiter spacecraft: placed in orbit around a planet to observe and record • Lander spacecraft: land on a foreign body to study and observe it • Rover spacecraft: land on a foreign body and are able to move to different locations • mobility allows greater variety of observations, more information to be collected • latest Mars rovers were Spirit and Opportunity (2003) and Curiosity (2012)

  9. Communication satellites: re-direct radio signals, allow instant communication across earth • 1960: Echo 1 becomes the 1st communication satellite • today: Direct TV and Dish TV satellites 22,000 mi. high relay signals directly to homes • Weather satellites: allow real-time observation of world-wide weather patterns • NOAA (National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration) directs weather satellites • World-wide coverage by US since 1978

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