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Intro to Reactions Topic #18

Understand how chemical changes are described using the law of conservation of matter. Learn about signs of chemical reactions and the conservation of mass. Discover how to write chemical equations and describe coefficients and states of substances.

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Intro to Reactions Topic #18

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  1. Intro to ReactionsTopic #18 EQ: How do we describe chemical changes using the law of conservation of matter?

  2. A.Signs of a Chemical Reaction • Evolution of heat and light • Formation of a gas • Formation of a precipitate • Color change

  3. B.Law of Conservation of Mass • mass is neither created nor destroyed in a chemical reaction • total mass stays the same • atoms can only rearrange 4 H 2 O 4 H 2 O 36 g 4 g 32 g

  4. C. Chemical Equations A+B  C+D REACTANTS PRODUCTS

  5. C. Chemical Equations p. 278

  6. Diatomics: N2 O2 F2 Cl2 Br2 I2 H2 • Start with element #7 • Form a figure 7 • There are 7 of them – include Hydrogen       

  7. D. Writing Equations Two atoms of aluminum react with three formula units of aqueous copper(II) chloride to produce three atoms of copper and two formula units of aqueous aluminum chloride. • How many? • Of what? • In what state?  3 2 Al (s) + 3 CuCl2 (aq) Cu (s) + 2 AlCl3 (aq)

  8. Describing Coefficients: individual atom = “atom” covalent substance = “molecule” ionic substance = “unit” E. Describing Equations 3CO2 2Mg  4MgO  3 molecules of carbon dioxide 2 atoms of magnesium 4 units of magnesium oxide

  9. E. Describing Equations Zn(s) + 2HCl(aq)  ZnCl2(aq) + H2(g) to produce • How many? • Of what? • In what state? One atom of solid zinc reacts with two formula units of aqueous hydrochloric acid one unit of aqueous zinc chloride and one molecule of hydrogen gas.

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