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To be successful today…

Learn about the general characteristics of bacteria, including their structure, shapes, and the two kingdoms they belong to. Discover how bacteria reproduce, their functions, and the factors that control their growth. Understand that while some bacteria are beneficial, others can cause diseases. Finally, explore a bacteria lab activity.

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To be successful today…

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  1. Pick up warm up sheet To be successful today… BYOD Color of the day is Phones are in put away in backpacks

  2. Kingdoms Archaebacteria & Eubacteria Essential Question: What are the general characteristics of bacteria? Bacteria

  3. What do you already know? • What are the characteristics of life? • What are prokaryotes?

  4. What are bacteria? • Microscopic, Unicellular,Prokaryotic organisms containing DNA and ribosomes. • May be autotrophic or heterotrophic • Bacteria are LIVING!!!! They have ALL the characteristics of living organisms. • Found everywhere on earth!

  5. Basic Structure of Bacteria Ribosome Cell Membrane Cell Wall carbohydrates that makes up cell wall DNA Flagella Pilli Attachment & transfer of DNA Movement

  6. Basic Structure of Bacteria • Bacterial cell wall is made up of the carbohydrate peptidoglycan • Pilli are used for attachment and for exchange of DNA during sexual reproduction • Flagella are used for movement • Not all bacteria have flagella.

  7. spherical (cocci)/coccus Ex: Micrococcus luteus rod-shaped (bacilli)/bacillus Ex: Bacillus cereus spiral (spirilla)/spirillum Ex: Spirillumvolutans video: bacteria shapes Bacteria Shapes • Bacteria are categorized bythree distinct shapes:

  8. Name These Bacteria Shapes

  9. Bacteria Kingdoms • Archaebacteria • Eubacteria video: bacteria habitats

  10. Archaebacteria • Live in extreme, harsh environments and are called extremophiles • High Temperatures: Thermophile • High/Low pH: Thermoacidophile • High Salt Concentration: Halophile Grand Prismatic in Yellowstone’s largest hot springs basin Great Salt Lake once thought to be lifeless is teeming with salt-tolerant bacteria Lemonade Spring in Yellowstone highly acidic

  11. Eubacteria: “true/common bacteria” • Very diverse group of bacteria that live everywhere!

  12. May be heterotrophic (do not make own food) • Aerobic Respiration: WITH OXYGEN • Anaerobic Respiration: withOUT Oxygen • May be autotrophic: • Photosynthetic • ex: cyanobacteria found in • lakes & ponds use blue chorophyll for photosynthesis

  13. Pick up warm-up sheet Pull out Bacteria Notes To be successful today… BYOD Color of the day is Phones are in put away in backpacks

  14. Questions??

  15. CONCEPT REVIEW: True or False Members of Archaea live in extreme environments. TRUE

  16. CONCEPT REVIEW: True or False Members of Kingdom Eubacteria are lovers of extremes. FALSE

  17. Warm-Up MON 12/11; PART 1 • Use the following dichotomous key to identify butterfly fish C. • Make sure you follow the rules for writing scientific names!!!

  18. CONCEPT REVIEW: True or False The cell walls bacteria contain peptidoglycan TRUE

  19. CONCEPT REVIEW: Which micrograph shows bacillus bacteria? A C B

  20. Warm-Up Mon 12/11; PART 2 A) What is the difference between Kingdoms Archaebacteria & Kingdom Eubacteria? B) What are at least 3 similarities (think general characteristics of bacteria)?

  21. Essential Question: How do bacteria reproduce? How do bacteria cause disease and what factors control the growth of bacteria? Bacteria Function & Reproduction

  22. Not All Bacteria Are Bad!!!

  23. Bacteria Function • Bacteria have a variety of important uses: • Decompose organic matter (recycle nutrients from dead organisms) • Human health (bacteria on skin help prevent infection & bacteria in gut helps digest food & make vitamins)

  24. Bacteria Function • Help make food (buttermilk, yogurt, cheese, pickles, and olives) • Nitrogen fixation (chemically changes nitrogen gas, N2, into ammonia, NH3, so plants can make amino acids) • BioTechnology (used to make antibiotics, insulin)

  25. Bacteria Reproduction • Binary Fission: asexual; cell splits into 2 identical cells.

  26. Bacteria Reproduction • Conjugation: cells exchange genetic info through pilus.

  27. Bacteria Form Endospores • If conditions are unfavorable, forming an endospore allows bacteria to remain dormant until conditions are favorable again.

  28. Some Bacteria Are Bad!!! • Some bacteria cause diseases like Strep throat, pneumonia & food poisoning • Controlling the growth of bacteria • Antibiotics: Medicine taken to kill bacteria AFTER infection • Vaccines: Shot taken to PREVENT bacterial infection • Disinfectants: Used to kill bacteria on surfaces like countertops, toilets

  29. Bacteria Lab

  30. Warm-Up Fri 2/10 • Use the following dichotomous key to identify butterfly fish C. • Make sure you follow the rules for writing scientific names!!!

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