Section VI Promote Your Cultural- awareness

1. Section VI Promote Your Cultural- awareness 2.Listen for Further Knowledge Wood Carving Wood carving is a traditional Chinese art form. As early as 6000 years ago, the Chinese already used wood carving to _________buildings. The development of crafting style and technique progressed rapidly through Ming and Qing Dynasties. Some of the most _________ wood carving styles were from these periods. There are two main functions of wood carving. One is to decorate ________palaces, temples, and rich merchants' residences. click decorate click exquisite imperial click

2. Section VI Promote Your Cultural- awareness The other is to reflect the characteristics of different regions and show the differences in ethnic backgrounds. Brick and Stone Carving   As well as other ancient Chinese art and craft, ancient Chinese stone and brick carvings had brilliant achievements. Many stone and brick carvings are preserved or unearthed, of which a lot are national _________known worldwide. treasures click

3. Section VI Promote Your Cultural- awareness Bricks carved with patterns in relief were used for decorative purposes on the _______ of old houses-mansions of officials and the rich, shrines and temples, landscape buildings in parts. They are also found on the entrance gates, windows and screen walls in houses which once belonged to big business and the landed gentry, “to bring _______ to the owners and their ________ ”. click exterior honor click click ancestors

4. Section VI Promote Your Cultural- awareness Ivory Carving   The art of ivory carving can be traced to the Shang Dynasty. People make use of the shape of the raw materials, like animals, birds, ________ , landscapes, boats and so on to make ivory carving.   Guangzhou was the center for ivory trade, and the _______of Guangzhou ivory carving industry ranked the first all around China. figurines click click scale

5. Section VI Promote Your Cultural- awareness   Guangzhou ivory carving industry has established an international _________ as most of the famous ivory sculptors were from Guangdong Province, especially from Guangzhou City. Jade Carving   Since _________ time, Chinese people had created the tools made from jade. reputation click Neolithic click

6. Section VI Promote Your Cultural- awareness   In Shang-Zhou period, jade production has formed an industry field, and jade wares have become ceremonial decorative _________. Until now, jade has been regarded as treasures, and was treated as the symbol of beautiful articles and sign of ___________ demeanor. The reasons for the __________of jade carving are its scarcity, hardness, natural colour and hue. Precious stones, especially green jade, white jade and agate are formed over long time and are hard to get. objects click click gentlemanly valuation click

7. Section VI Promote Your Cultural- awareness   They are divided into two major groups by their hardness: jadeites and nephrites. Some are as white as snow, others are brightly red, and green. Diamond, emerald, sapphire and other gemstones can be processed into personal ___________ like rings and earrings.  There are a variety of carvings in China, including wood carvings, brick and stone carvings, ivory carvings, jade carving and so on. Each of them has its own characteristic, making the Chinese culture more colorful. ornaments click

8. Section VI Promote Your Cultural- awareness 木雕这种艺术形式在世界范围内虽较为广泛，但由于木头相较于其他材质，诸如石头或青铜等主要雕刻材料，更易腐烂，易遭虫蛀，也怕火，因此在许多文化的艺术史中，木雕成为了一种重要的隐藏元素。在世界大多数地方，户外木雕存放时间都不长久，我们很难理解木制图腾柱是怎么延续并被保留下来的。

9. Section VI Promote Your Cultural- awareness 许多在中国和日本的最重要的雕刻作品都是用木头制成的，在非洲和大洋洲以及其他地区也是如此。木头很轻，可以进行精细雕刻，所以很适合作面具或是其他可以携带的雕塑。木头也比石头更易雕刻。

10. Section VI Promote Your Cultural- awareness The making of sculpture in wood ___________________ ___________ but survives much less well than the other main materials such as stone and bronze, as _____________ __________ , insect damage, and fire. It therefore ________________________________ in the art history of many cultures. Outdoor wood sculptures how_____________ ___________________________________________________ the totem pole tradition developed and kept. has been extremely click widely used it is vulnerable click to decay forms an important hidden element click do not last long click in most parts of the world, so that we have little idea

11. Section VI Promote Your Cultural- awareness ____________________________________of China and Japan in particular are in wood, and ____________________ African sculpture and that of Oceania and other regions. _______________________________________. so it is highly suitable for masks and________________________________ . It is also much easier to work than stone. Many of the most important sculptures click click the great majority of Wood is light and can take very fine detail click other sculpture intended to be carried click

12. Section VI Promote Your Cultural- awareness 2.Translate the following passage into English. 为了制作水果雕刻品，首先将小刀放在菜板上，选择外表坚硬、颜色红润、无瑕疵的西红柿，将其彻底洗净并用柔软的布擦干，茎秆朝下放在菜板上。在茎秆相对的位置划一道浅口，沿着切口下刀直到在西红柿上切出一个环形。小刀沿着西红柿表面逐渐向下切，呈环形，将剩下的表皮全部剥离。这样做的目的是让西红柿表皮能够被完整地剥下来。

13. Section VI Promote Your Cultural- awareness   In order to make a fruit carving, first place your knife on the cutting board. Select a tomato that is firm, red in color and free of any blemishes. Wash the fruit thoroughly and dry it with a soft cloth. Place the tomato on the board with the stem side down. Carefully make a shallow cut in the tomato at the point almost exactly opposite the stem. Create an incision around this point until you have cut almost a full circle out of the skin.

14. Section VI Promote Your Cultural- awareness    Peel the remaining skin from the fruit until it is completely stripped by running the knife around the fruit circularly, moving progressively lower as you go. The goal is to remove the skin as one single piece.

15. Section VI Promote Your Cultural- awareness 3. Translate the following passage into Chinese. Ivory is by no means just obtained from elephants; any animal tooth or tusk used as a material for carving may be termed “ivory”, though the species is usually added. A great number of different species with tusks or large teeth have been used. Teeth have three elements: the outer dental enamel, then the main body of dentine, and the inner root of osteo-dentine. For the purposes of carving, the last two are most usable.

16. Section VI Promote Your Cultural- awareness   The harder enamel, though, may be too hard to carve, thus require removal upon grinding. This is the case with hippopotamus, for example, whose tooth enamel（on the largest teeth）is about as hard as jade. Elephant ivory, as well as coming in the largest pieces, is relatively soft and even an ideal material for carving. The species of animal from which ivory comes can usually be determined by examination under ultra-violet light, where different types show different colours.

17. Section VI Promote Your Cultural- awareness 象牙绝不仅仅来自于大象；任何用作塑刻材料的动物牙齿都可能被称为“象牙”，虽然常常会多出一些物种，而且大量不同种类的象牙或大型的牙齿已经被使用。牙齿有三个要素：外牙釉质、牙本质的主体，骨牙本质的内根。出于雕刻的目的，后面两部分大多数动物都可以用，但越接近牙釉质可能越难雕刻，并需要先把它磨掉。

18. Section VI Promote Your Cultural- awareness 例如河马的牙釉质（最大的牙齿）像硬玉一样坚硬。象牙比较软，是雕刻的理想材料。对于哪些动物的牙齿可用作象牙，我们通常可以通过紫外线照射检查来决定，不同类型显示出不同的颜色。