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The Spread of Islam After Prophet Muhammad: Understanding His Successors

Learn how Islam expanded under the leadership of Muhammad's successors Abu Bakr, the first Caliph, and the subsequent Caliphs. Discover the role of Jihad, treatment of conquered people, internal conflicts, and the Sunni-Shia split. Gain insight into early Islamic history.

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The Spread of Islam After Prophet Muhammad: Understanding His Successors

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Presentation Transcript

  1. Aim:How did Muhammad Successors Spread Islam?

  2. The First Caliph Muhammad did not make a successor or instructed his followers how to choose one Muslim community elects a leader 632 CE- Abu-Bakr becomes first Caliph Means Successor or deputy

  3. Invoke Jihad After Muhammad death, tribes abandon Islam Abu-Bakr invokes Jihad Means striving and struggle against evil Word in Quran- Armed struggle against unbelievers Justified expansion of Islam Next two Caliphs after Abu-Bakr continue to expand Muslim territory

  4. Treatment of Conquered People Qur’an restricts forced conversions Muslims allowed people to follow their own religions Christian and Jews get special consideration

  5. Internal Conflict Problem: Muhammad didn’t appoint successor Result: Muslim community has difficulty maintaining unified rule Muslim Community splits (Sunni/Shia) Sunni (83%)- First 4 Caliphs rightly guided Shia (26%)- Ali ( Muhammad’s Son in law) should have succeeded him

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