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Newton’s Laws

Discover Sir Isaac Newton's groundbreaking laws of motion and gravity, including the concept of inertia and how forces impact objects. Explore Galileo's contributions and learn how to calculate weight based on mass and gravitational pull.

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Newton’s Laws

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  1. Newton’s Laws

  2. Sir Isaac Newton • Studied physics in the late 1600’s • Developed laws about force and gravity • Discovered that a prism could separate light into the color spectrum and vice-versa and proved that color is a property of light • Founded calculus

  3. Newton’s First Law • An object at rest stays at rest and an object in motion stays in motion unless acted on by an outside unbalanced force. • Think about slamming on the brakes in the car – the car slows down, but you don’t – locks the seatbelt.

  4. Inertia • Inertia – the tendency of an object to resist a change in its motion • In order to overcome an object’s inertia, a force must be exerted on the object. Greater mass=greater inertia • Newton’s 1st Law is also called the Law of Inertia • Newton's First Law of Motion

  5. Newton’s Second Law • Force equals mass x acceleration F=ma • Explains how objects behave when forces are unbalanced

  6. Newton’s Third Law • Forces come in pairs • For every action, there is a reaction

  7. Newton’s Third Law • Think about • A rocket being launched • Newton's 3rd Law

  8. Galileo • Galileo was a scientist who studied math and physics in the late 1500’s and early 1600’s in Italy • He showed that objects with unequal masses would fall to the ground at the same time by doing an experiment at the Leaning Tower of Pisa • Galileo Drops the Ball

  9. Mass and Weight Mass is the amount of matter in an object – usually measured in g or kg Mass does not change with gravity Weight is the force of gravity on an object – measured in N Weight changes with gravity, so it can be different in different places

  10. Calculating Weight Fg=weight Fg=mg This formula is on your reference table The value of g is on your reference table

  11. Calculating Weight An object with a mass of 12kg on Earth will have a mass of 12kg on the moon. Calculate the weight of the object on earth. Fg=mg Fg=12kg · 9.8m/s2 = 117.6N

  12. Calculating Weight An astronaut has a mass of 90kg. Find his weight if he is in a flight simulator with a gravitational pull of 1.0m/s2. Fg=mg Fg=90kg · 1.0m/s2 = 90N

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