1 / 18

Dr. Nancy J. Aguinaga http://cstl-coe.semo.edu/naguinaga/

Dr. Nancy J. Aguinaga http://cstl-coe.semo.edu/naguinaga/. WHAT IS Autism Spectrum Disorder?. What is your preconceived notion or idea when you hear or see the term autism? Preconceived feelings?. WHAT IS Autism Spectrum Disorder?.

rea
Download Presentation

Dr. Nancy J. Aguinaga http://cstl-coe.semo.edu/naguinaga/

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

  1. Dr. Nancy J. Aguinaga http://cstl-coe.semo.edu/naguinaga/

  2. WHAT IS Autism Spectrum Disorder? • What is your preconceived notion or idea when you hear or see the term autism? • Preconceived feelings?

  3. WHAT IS Autism Spectrum Disorder? • The fastest growing diagnoses of childhood (from ‘91 to ‘99-up 1108%) • Very complex, often baffling developmental disability • First described by Leo Kanner in 1943 as early infantile autism • “Auto” – children are “locked within themselves.” • For next 30 years, considered to be an emotional disturbance

  4. WHAT IS ASD? • Today, autism is a severe form of a broader group of disorders • These are referred to as pervasive developmental disorders • Typically appears during the first 3 years of life • Expressed very differently – a wide range of abilities, strengths and limitations.

  5. WHAT IS ASD? • Neurological in origin – not emotional, not the refrigerator mom • Prevalence figures vary (1 in 166 in text) 1:110 NOW • 4 times more prevalent in boys • No known racial, ethnic, or social boundaries • No relation to family income, lifestyle

  6. WHAT IS ASD? • Autism impacts normal development of the brain in areas of social interaction and communication skills and behavior. • Difficult to communicate with others and relate to the outside world. • Occasionally, aggressive and/or self-injurious behavior may be present.

  7. WHAT IS ASD? • May exhibit repeated body movements (hand flapping, rocking). • Unusual responses to people • Attachment to objects • Resistance to change in routine • Sensory sensitivities

  8. WHAT ARE THE TYPES? • Actually, the “umbrella” heading is Pervasive Developmental Disorder (PDD). • Autism is one of the 5 PDDs. For now – DSM IV • All have commonalities in communication and social deficits • Differ in terms of severity • Differ in IQ levels • DSM 5 - ASD

  9. 1. Autistic Disorder • Impairments in social interaction, communication, and imaginative play. • Apparent before age 3. • Also includes stereotyped behaviors, interests, and activities • Autism added to the DSM III in 1980

  10. 2. Asperger’s Disorder • Impairments in social interactions, and presence of restricted interests and activities • No clinically significant general delay in language • Average to above average intelligence • Hans Asperger – a Vienese medical student– 1944 – his work not translated into English until 1981 and entered into the DSM IV in 1994

  11. 3. Pervasive Developmental Disorder – Not Otherwise Specified (PDD-NOS) • Often referred to as atypical autism • Used when a child does not meet the criteria for a specific diagnosis, but there is severe and pervasive impairment in specified behaviors • Entered into the DSM IV in 1987 revision

  12. 4. Rett’s Disorder • Progressive disorder which, almost exclusively occurs in females • Period of normal development and then the loss of previously acquired skills • Also loss of purposeful use of hands, which is replaced by repetitive hand movements • Beginning at age of 1-2 years, typically in first 5 months • Characterized by head growth deceleration and loss of previously acquired skills between 5-48 months • Entered into the DSM IV in 1994

  13. 5. Childhood Disintegrative Disorder • Normal growth and development prior to manifesting social interaction (generally the first 2 years) • Then significant loss of previously acquired skills in at least 2 of the following areas(language, social skills, adaptive behavior, bowel or bladder control, play, or motor skills) before the age of 10 • Entered into the DSM IV in 1994

  14. IDEA- Individuals with Disabilities Education Act • Autism was not an official disability category under federal education law until 1990 • Before this services were received under other categories such as ID(MR), OHI , or BD

  15. Conclusions on Types • Autism is a spectrum disorder • This means that symptoms and characteristics can present themselves in wide variety of combinations, from mild to severe • Individuals with autism can be very different from each other • Kluth “2003” “If you know one person with autism, you know ONE person with autism” http://vodpod.com/watch/4313806-paula-kluth-autism • “Autism” is still commonly used to refer to any of the 5 PDDs

  16. Cause? • Good agreement in general that autism is caused by abnormalities in brain and central nervous system development (typically result in over or under reactions to various sensory stimuli) • May include chemical exposure, viral and genetic factors • Vaccines? – NO NONO • Currently no medical test to confirm • A diagnosis is made by behavioral observations

  17. Famous People with Autism People on the spectrum have made some of the greatest contributions to the world we know… http://vodpod.com/watch/1570669-who-has-autism-famous-google-video?u=naguinaga&c=naguinaga

  18. Dr. Temple Grandin

More Related