4 A B

1. 4 A B

2. Typical verbal entries found in an English-English dictionary: ØCripple /krípl/ v. to seriously damage X . The Great Depression crippled several economies. ØFollow /fálou/ v. go after. Some agreements followedWorld War I. ØBlamen. accusation; v. accuse of, censure. ManyGermansblamedthe new government for accepting the Treaty of Versailles. ØFill/fíl/ v. To occupy, to make full. The United States filledsome places. ØCrash /kráesh/ n. collision, car accident; v. To collapse, to impact. The stock marketcrashed. ØAdopt/adápt/ v. To assume, to validate. Several countries adopted the forms of dictatorship. ØPromise /prámis/ n. word of honor; v. To guarantee. He promisedto end the humiliating conditions. ØSpawn/spón/ v. Toinduce, to provoke, to lead to. Several conditions spawnedthe Second World War.

3. El auxiliar Did es un elemento gramatical que nos ayuda a interrogar, negar o enfatizar con un sin número de verbos. Su “único significado” en la oración es “indicar tiempo”. Úselo al interrogar y negar, no al afirmar (salvo que enfatice). Veamos que sucede al interrogar: Didtheyinvest in dollars? (¿Invirtieron en dólares?) negar: Theydidnotinvest in dollars (No Invirtieron) ¿Concordancias? RECUERDE: AUX + S + V + C? S + V + C S + AUX + NOT + V + C Didtheyinvestin dollars? (¿Invirtieron en dólares?) aux   s        v            c Theyinvestedin euros (Invirtieron en euros) s        v            c Theydidnotinvestin dollars (No Invirtieron) • s   auxnot  v            c 4A ¡Quien pretenda no aprender de los errores, pues que no los cometa!

4. Ojo: El auxiliar DIDlos usamos con verbos regularesy verbos irregulares. Al afirmar, lo omitimos naturalmente, y en consecuencia ocurren cambios muy particulares en el verbo. Caso 01: Ante un verbo regular añadimos “ed” al verbo Didsheinvest? (¿Ella invirtió?) al afirmar:Sheinvestedallthe time (Siempre invirtió) Shedidnotinvest (Ella no invirtió) • Caso 02: Ante un verbo irregular (go – went–gone) elegimos la segunda forma del verbo Didshegotothebank at 9? (¿Ella fue al banco a las 9?) al afirmar:Shewent at 9:30 (Fue a las 9:30) Shedidnotgo at 9 (No fue a las 9)

5. Typical verbal entries found in an English-Spanish dictionary: ØMany countries had liberal democratic governments. Had /háed/Pret y PP de To have Have/háev/ (Pret y PP had) Tener, poseer, producir, tomar (comer). ØGermanyset up a republicanform of government. Set /sét/ vt. (pret y pp set) poner, colocar, … to __ apart poner aparte  to __ eyeson clavar los ojos a; to __ fireto prender fuego a; to __ up elevar, fundar, instituir, constituir. ØTheGermangovernmentlostpower. • Lost/lost/ adj. perdido, extraviado; v. pret, pp de To lose.

6. Defeat: Failure … Victories or defeats? Victories! Dictatorship: Government by a dictator … A dictatorship in the 21st century? In Cuba! Drift into: To move without purpose … Terrorists drift into extremism! Dire: Terrible… Terrorist actions have dire consequences! Disarmament: Deactivation of arms… Nuclear disarmament? It is absolutely necessary! Ground: Terrain, soil, territory … To gain or lose ground? Gain, of course! Handicapped: Incapacitated … Some politicians are visually handicapped! Harsh: Cruel, severe … Do politicians see the harsh realities of life for poor • people? Increase: To expand, to get bigger, to rise; a rise in the amount, value of X … Are • politicians increasing their efforts to help people? • Outcome: Result, effect … Successful outcomes for politicians? Tragic! • Place: Position, point, area … Politicians’ anecdotes have no • place in today’s world! • Resources: Materials, funds, supplies … Time is your most valuable • resource, especiallyin examinations!

7. Root: Origin, cause … How to get to the root of a problem? With increased efficiency! Straits: Difficulties … Financial straits? Get to the root of the problem! Stock Market: The market in which shares are issued and traded … To make money on the stock market? Explore possibilities! Troubles: Problems … The trouble with some politicians is that they don’t really want to work! Turmoil: Turbulence, confusion, chaos …Political turmoil? Often! Trace: To follow, to find or detect … Do we have to trace any political movement? ¡Quien pretenda no aprender de los errores, pues que no los cometa!

8. Complete with underlined words: Many countries were in ____________________ during World War Second! Factories were in troubles. They were in dire ____________________ during this war! What were the ____________________s of World War II? What were the ____________________ of World War II? Countries ____________________ing into fearful anarchy? That’s was World War • Second! Evacuation means leaving a ____________________. How many places during World War • II? How to ____________________ the causes and effects of World War II? The exploitation of natural ____________________s to finance conflicts? A brutal reality! • Germany becoming a ____________________? An incredible story! 4B

9. ____________________ talks? A fallacy for that time! Who describes the Nazi treatment of ____________________ people during World War Second? Punishment was ____________________ and unfair! World War II? It was fertile ____________________ for opportunism! World War II? An ____________________ in unemployment! The impacts of World War II on the ____________________ worldwide? Many! At the end, the ____________________ of fascism?

10. World War Iwas a global military conflict: • primarily in Europe between 1914 and 1918. • The Allied Powers (France, Russia, the United Kingdom and later, Italy and the United States) versus the Central Powers (Austria-Hungary, Germany, and the Ottoman Empire –Turkish Empire - At the height of its power: Southeastern Europe, the Middle East, North Africa). The Treaty of Versailles (1919) was a peace treaty: • end of World War I (between the Allied and Associated Powers and the Central Powers). • Germany and its allies, full responsibility for causing the war. The Great Depression was a time of economic downturn: • after the stock market crash on October 29, 1929 • in the United States and then, in Europe, and every part of the world.

11. I.- Complete with the correct verbal form: DESTROY v. To demolish, to dismantle, to ruin, to dynamite DEVELOP v. To mature, to evolve, to prosper LEAD v. To guide, to conduct; past / pp LED The Great Depression crippled the economies of Europe and the United States. That combined with the outcome of World War I, _______________ to major repositioning of world power and influence. That was fertile ground for the emergence of various forms of totalitarian governments in the Soviet Union, Japan, Italy, Germany, as well as other countries. Many countries had liberal democratic governments following World War I, but dictatorships _______________ during the 1920s and 1930s _______________ democratic rights. Contenidos: www.freewebs.com/ecoin Calificaciones: www.freewebs.com/reschop

12. PUT THE FOLLOWING SENTENCES INTO THE NEGATIVE AND WRITETRUEOR FALSE FOR EACH NEW SENTENCE ACCORDING TO THE PREVIOUS TEXT: Crumble v. To disintegrate, to collapse Came v. past of come Come v. To arrive at or reach a place; past came, pp come; __into power … assume • power • 1. Europe's fragile economies crumbled ( ). • 2. Dictatorships came into power ( ). II.- Complete with the correct verbal form of : Come v. to arrive at or reach a place; past came, pp come Lose v. /lost/ (pret / pp lost) To cease to have, to fail to win Have v. /háev/ (pret /pp had) To possess, to produce, to drink, to eat Prior to 1914, Britain, France, and Germany were the industrial and financial centers of the world. Following World War I, those countries _______________ their positions and the United States filled their place. America dominated the world market of food, minerals, and industry. When the stock market crashed on October 29, 1929, the financial crisis _______________ worldwide consequences and the reaction of nations to the dire financial straits of the Depression had a huge impact. After World War I, Germany, Italy, and Japan, all anxious to regain or increase their power, adopted forms of dictatorship. The League of Nations was unable to promote disarmament. When Adolf Hitler _______________ into power, he promised to end the humiliating conditions caused by German defeat in World War I.

13. Complete with the correct verbal form. Work on your own. Use your dictionary if necessary: Believe - Control - Begin Economic problems were among the fundamental causes of World War II. Germany, Italy, and Japan considered themselves unjustly handicapped in trying to compete with other nations for markets, raw materials, and colonies. They _______________that such countries as Belgium, France, Great Britain, the Netherlands, and the United States unfairly _______________most of the world's wealth and people. So, Germany, Italy, and Japan ______________ to look for lands to conquer in order to obtain what they considered to be their share of the world's resources and markets. • Put the following sentences into the negative, and write true or false for each new sentence according to the previous text: • The USA economy showed signs of faltering during the Great Depression (          ). • 2. The Great Depression helped give rise to totalitarian regimes  (          ). • In 1919, Germany got a new government (         ).    • Germany and France suffered financial turmoil in 1913 ( ). • 5. Economic problems contributed to the conditions that spawned the Second World War • (        ).