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A Proposed VLA Band - 190 MHz Pathfinder Study for the EOR L. Greenhill (CfA). Basic Goals Detection of HI shells around “EOR quasars” Exploration of line brightness fluctuations over ~10 ( ° )2 Explore noise-limited deep imaging Befriend galactic foregrounds Status
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A Proposed VLA Band - 190 MHz Pathfinder Study for the EORL. Greenhill (CfA) • Basic Goals • Detection of HI shells around “EOR quasars” • Exploration of line brightness fluctuations over ~10(°)2 • Explore noise-limited deep imaging • Befriend galactic foregrounds • Status • Funding approved by Smithsonian (October 1) • US$110K • Leverages previous investments in the VLA • Now under peer review by NRAO • Technical/management review to begin Dec. 04 • Proposed tracks in late 2005, early 2007. • Permanent addition to the VLA. Legacy science.
Key VLA/VHF Science Questions • What are the shapes/sizes of the HII regions? • How anisotropic is the ionizing radiation? • When did the quasars form after recombination? • What is the nature of the IGM at z~6.3? • When did Tspin exceed TCMB? • What is the reionization history? • Constrain the neutral fraction at z~ 6.3 Pathfinder program w/r to foreground elimination and assessment of gross signal strength (case A/B). Co-Is: Blundell, Loeb, Zaldarriaga (CfA),Carilli, Perley (NRAO), Furlanetto (CalTech)
Strong Signal Case and (more likely) Weak Signal Case
How Strong is Strong - How Weak is Weak? 295 mK (Wyithe & Loeb) • Initial target list: 3 SDSS quasars (z=6.2-6.4) that show a “depth effect” to the Lya absorption (Fan et al.). • The HI lines will lie at 192-196 MHz.
The Sky at 408 MHz Haslam et al. 1982 Adapted by Emerson Tsky = 14-16 K (408 MHz) => ~110 K (194 MHz)
Placement of Proposed VHF Receivers Although Ae(327 MHz) ~ 0.40, Ae(VHF) ~ 0.50 !
Schematic Layout for VHF Rx Test of strong signal case and technical demo 50h per source in 2005. The proposed VHF system is opti-mized for sensitivity more so than existing 4m and 0.9 m systems.
RFI at the VLA Site Clear sky TV Carrier Lightning Monitoring continues. Winter observing
Timeline • Oct. 04 - Observing proposal • Jan. 05 - First prototype delivered • Mar. 05 - Four prototypes deployed • Jun. 05 - 14 Rx delivered • Jul. 05 - 14 Rx delivered • Late 05 - 1st D-config. and 1st “useful” data • Early 07 - 2nd D-config.
System Specifications • Dipole - parabolic dish hybrid • Eases calibration • Bandwidth - 186 - 202 MHz (1.6 m) • Primary beam - 4.3° • Synthesized beam - 5-15´ (D-config.) • Tsys ~ 180 K • Ae ~ 0.5 ( ~6600 m2) • Sensitivity ~ 10 mK in 50h • Crossed dipole system l/3 from focus • Invisibility