Exploring the Periodic Table: Elements, Groups, and Families

1. Periodic Table of the Elements

2. These are called the inner transition elements and they belong here

3. 1 18 2 13 14 15 16 17 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 Vertical columns are called groups or families. Elements are placed in columns by similar properties.

4. There are 7 periods • Horizontal rows are called periods 1234567

5. 1A 1 18 8A 2A 2 3A 13 14 4A 15 5A 6A 16 7A 17 3B 3 4B 4 5 5B 6 6B 7 7B 8B 8 9 8B 10 8B 11 1B 2B 12

6. Luster – shiny. • Ductile – drawn into wires. • Malleable – hammered into sheets. • Conductors of heat and electricity. Metals

7. Non-metals • Dull • Brittle • Nonconductors- insulators

8. Metalloids or Semimetals • Properties of both • Semiconductors

9. 1 • Group 1 are the alkali metals • They have 1 valence electron in the outer orbital or energy shell

10. Group 2 are the alkaline earth metals • They have 2 valence electrons 2

11. Transition metals • Groups 3-12 • their properties do not fit in with those of any other family.

12. Group 13 is called the Boron family • They have 3 valence electrons 13

13. Group 14 is called the Carbon Family • They have 4 valence electrons 14

14. Group 15 is called the Nitrogen Family • They have 5 valence electrons 15

15. Group 16 is called the Oxygen Family • They 6 valence electrons 16

16. Group 17 is called the Halogens • They have 7 valence electrons 17

17. Group 18 are the Noble Gases • They have 8 valence electrons