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Navigating Legal and Ethical Concerns in Integrating HIV Prevention into Clinical Practice

This training explores the legal and ethical considerations for HIV providers integrating prevention into clinical care. Topics include governmental policies, criminal laws, confidentiality, ethical obligations, and liabilities. Real-world case studies provide insights into managing legal and ethical dilemmas in practice.

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Navigating Legal and Ethical Concerns in Integrating HIV Prevention into Clinical Practice

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  1. Prevention with Positives HIV Clinician Training Legal concerns of providersintegrating HIV prevention into clinical practice Carol Dawson Rose, PhD, RN

  2. Objectives • To explore the legal and ethical concerns of HIV providers who are integrating prevention into HIV clinical care • To engage in a discussion of prevention framework • Protecting selves • Protecting others

  3. What is happening? • Increased governmental policy focus on integrating HIV prevention into care • Government programs mandate inclusion of HIV prevention into HIV care • 24 states have adopted statutes that criminalize intentional exposure or transmission of HIV • Variation in how criminal HIV laws are enforced

  4. What are your concerns? • Ethical • Legal

  5. What Exists Now? • Confidentiality Policies • State • Funding Source • HIPAA Regulations

  6. What are provider concerns? • What should I tell my patients? • What can I document in the medical record? • What are my ethical obligations when I know someone is at risk for becoming HIV infected by one of my patients? • What am I liable for if someone I knew was at risk becomes infected?

  7. Example: California Law • Talking to your patient • Reporting to the partner/PCRS • Charting

  8. Where do I find answers? • Institutional Ethics Committee • Community Advisory Committee • HIPAA Regulations • Institutional Legal Counsel • HIV Criminal Law & Policy Project www.hivcriminallaw.org • State Medical/ Professional Associations

  9. Case Study • Brian has been your patient for years • Brian has not disclosed his HIV positive status to his wife of three years • Brian has told you, that for over a year, he and his wife have been trying to have a child • You have counseled Brian on the potential risk to his wife of HIV infection. • You are concerned that Brian’s wife is pregnant and that Brian is still resistant to discussing his HIV status with his wife

  10. Case Study • What are your legal obligations? • Specific to the state where you are practicing • What are your ethical concerns? • Brian’s wife and her HIV status • Potential infection of the unborn child with HIV

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