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BENCHMARK #2: Cell Division and Genetics

Understand key processes in cell division, genetic inheritance, and mutations with detailed explanations and answers to common questions.

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BENCHMARK #2: Cell Division and Genetics

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  1. BENCHMARK #2: Cell Division and Genetics

  2. #1A: Name the major steps in the process shown below?1B: Name an organism that uses this as a means of reproduction.1C: During which phase does replication occur?

  3. #2A: What two processes are illustrated in the diagram below? #2B: What would be the RNA sequence to the following: TCT-AGA?

  4. #3A: Why are the following most easily seen during mitosis (not Interphase)?#3B: What gender is this person?#3C: What are chromosome displays like this called?

  5. #4A: What process is being shown in the diagram below?#4B: During what type of cell division does this occur?#4C: What advantage does this have to the species?

  6. #5A: What type of genetic pattern of inheritance is responsible for the diversity of skin colors seen in humans? #5B: What would a graphof these genotypes look like?

  7. #6A: What amino acid is coded for by the DNA sequence CCC?#6B: What are groups of three nucleotides called?

  8. #7A: What pattern of genetic inheritance is color-blindness?#7B: Why can’t males be a carrier for this trait?#7C: Which gender suffers from these types of traits the most often?

  9. #8A: During transcription what type of molecules separates the chains of DNA?#8B: What type of bond holds the chain together? #8C: Between what two molecules does the enzyme cut?8d: What process occurs in the nucleus?In the cytoplasm?

  10. #9A: What appears to be the cause of the difference in the growth of wings in the flies shown below?#9B: Give an example of a similar effect in humans. Grown above 25 degrees C Grown below 25 degrees C

  11. #10A: What happens during the G1 phase? G2?#10B: What is being synthesized during the S phase?#10C: What occurs during the M Phase?

  12. #11: Identify each stage of mitosis below. When does replication occur? A B C D

  13. #12A: What type of mutation is shown below?#12B: What are the “Big Three” causes of mutation?

  14. #13A:What type of cell division is used will fix the damage shown below (A)?#13B:What type of cell division is used in picture B? A B

  15. #14A:What type of cross is this that allows you to determine the genotype of plant A? A

  16. #15:What type of genetic pattern is demonstrated by human blood types?#15B: Explain how a man with blood type A and a women with type B can have a child with blood type O.

  17. #16A: Why is the zygote diploid?#16B: What type of cell division created the egg and sperm (gametes)?

  18. #17A: How is it possible for two normal parents to produced an affected child?#17B: How is the genetic information transmitted to the child? MMMMMMM

  19. #18A: Give an example of a human genetic disorder that is autosomal dominant (like the one below).#18B: What are the genotypes of the parents in the first generation?

  20. #19: Why do your cells, which are genetically identical, appear different? Muscle Cheek Cells Red Blood Cells

  21. #20A: How many males are in the following pedigree? Generations?#20B: From whom does person #12 get the disorder?#20C: How are person #2 and #12 related? 2 12

  22. #21A: What type of RNA is shown below?#22B:What role does it play in protein synthesis? bbbbb

  23. #22A: What process is being shown below? How many chromosomes do the end cells have?#22B:Why must sexually reproducing organisms go through this process?

  24. #23A: What segment would be the complementary to the following strand of DNA?#23B: What process is used to create the new strand? • ___________________________________ • C C G A T A G C G

  25. #24A: The pedigree below shows what type of genetic cross (pattern)?#24B: What is true about this type of cross (pattern) concerning gender?

  26. #25: Two heterozygous tall plants are crossed. What are the expected percentages of tall and short plants in the F1?

  27. #28: Huntington’s Disease is an autosomal dominant disorder. A man marries a woman without the disease. They have a child without the disease. How is this possible?

  28. #28: If 20% of nucleotides in a sample of DNA have the base Thymine, what percentage of the nucleotides contain Cytosine, Adenine, and Guinine?

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