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SOL PS 2

SOL PS 2. The student will investigate & understand the basic nature of matter. Matter. Anything that has mass & occupies space. Made up of small particles called atoms. Can exist as a solid, a liquid, or a gas. Can be classified as elements, compounds, & mixtures. Solid Liquids.

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SOL PS 2

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  1. SOL PS 2 The student will investigate & understand the basic nature of matter.

  2. Matter Anything that has mass & occupies space. Made up of small particles called atoms. Can exist as a solid, a liquid, or a gas. Can be classified as elements, compounds, & mixtures.

  3. Solid Liquids State of matter that has a definite shape & volume Atoms are tightly packed together but can vibrate in place. State of matter that has a definite volume but NOT a definite shape. Atoms slide past one another.

  4. Gas State of matter that does NOT have a definite volume or shape. Particle move very quickly in all directions

  5. Elements A substance that cannot be separated or broken down into simpler substance by chemical means. The atoms of any element are alike but are different from atoms of other elements. Elements have their own unique physical & chemical properties.

  6. Compounds A substance made up of atoms of two or more different elements joined by chemical bonds. A particle of a compound is a molecule. Elements combine in a specific fixed ratio. Compounds can be broken down into simpler substances only by chemical changes

  7. Mixtures A combination of two or more substances that are not chemically combined. Substances in a mixture keep their own identity. There is no fixed quantity or ratio. Mixtures can be separated out by physical means such as evaporation or filtration.

  8. Physical Properties A characteristic of a substance that does not involve a chemical change. Can be observed or measured without changing the matter’s identity. Examples include: shape, density, solubility, odor, melting point, boiling point, color, state of matter, malleability, ductility, & thermal conductivity.

  9. Chemical Properties Describe matter based on its ability to change into new matter that has different properties. Examples of chemical properties include acidity, basicity, combustibility, & reactivity.

  10. Organic Compounds Density Organic compounds are covalent compounds composed of carbon-based molecules. Can form four bonds. The amount of matter per given volume.

  11. Acids Contain hydrogen ions. (H) pH readings are from 1-6. ph of 1 is a very strong acid, pH of 6 is a weak acid. Turns litmus paper red. Tastes sour

  12. Bases A substance that releases hydroxide ions. (OH) pH range is from 8-14. pH of 8 is a weak base & pH of 14 is a strong base. Turns litmus paper blue. Tastes bitter.

  13. Salts pH When an acid reacts with a base, a salt is formed along with water. Is a measure of the hydrogen ion concentration in a solution. Neutral solution has a pH of 7.

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