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Care of the Client Undergoing Surgery for Abdominal/Pelvic Cancers

Care of the Client Undergoing Surgery for Abdominal/Pelvic Cancers. Objective. The learner will be able to identify the primary oncologic abdominal and pelvic conditions and their appropriate surgical interventions. Cancers of the Abdomen/Pelvis: Description and Risk Factors.

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Care of the Client Undergoing Surgery for Abdominal/Pelvic Cancers

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  1. Care of the Client Undergoing Surgery for Abdominal/Pelvic Cancers

  2. Objective The learner will be able to identify the primary oncologic abdominal and pelvic conditions and their appropriate surgical interventions.

  3. Cancers of the Abdomen/Pelvis:Description and Risk Factors • Cancers in the abdomen and pelvic regions include many different cancer types (colon/rectal, ovarian, renal, gastric, liver, prostate). • Risk factors are specific to disease type. • Screening may diagnose early colon or prostate cancers. • For many types, early stages present with vague symptoms or are completely asymptomatic.

  4. Cancers of the Abdomen/Pelvis:Treatment • Options are based on type, location, stage, and health of the individual. • Ovarian: Extensive surgery, followed by chemotherapy, is the most common treatment. • Colon: Surgery is the most common treatment. Adjuvant combination therapy is also common. • Kidney: Surgery is the most common treatment. • Liver: Hepatectomy or transplantation is an option in early-stage disease. • Gastric: Partial or total gastrectomy is the standard treatment. • Prostate: Multiple options are available, depending on stage and wishes of the patient.

  5. Cancers of the Abdomen/Pelvis:Postoperative Nursing Management • Acute postoperative priorities: • Vital sign management/pulse oximetry/incentive spirometer • Airway management (TCDB, ambulation) • Pain management • Drain(s) and/or catheter management • Ongoing concerns: • Infection risk • Many surgeries require significant life-altering adjustments. • Ineffective coping/body image changes • Preparation for future treatments

  6. References Kendrick, M., Ercolano, E., & McCorkle, R. (2011). Interventions to prevent postoperative complications in women with ovarian cancer. Clinical Journal of Oncology Nursing,15, 195202. National Cancer Institute. (2012a). Colon cancer. Retrieved from http://www.cancer.gov/cancertopics/pdq/treatment/colon/HealthProfessional National Cancer Institute. (2012b). Liver cancer. Retrieved from http://www.cancer.gov/cancertopics/pdq/treatment/adult-primary-liver/HealthProfessional National Cancer Institute. (2012c). Ovarian cancer. Retrieved from http://www.cancer.gov/cancer topics/pdq/treatment/ovarianepithelial/HealthProfessional

  7. References National Cancer Institute. (2012d). Renal cell cancer. Retrieved from http://www.cancer.gov/cancertopics/pdq/treatment/renalcell/HealthProfessional National Cancer Institute. (2012e). Stomach cancer. Retrieved from http://www.cancer.gov/cancertopics/types/stomach National Comprehensive Cancer Network. (2012a). NCCN Clinical Practice Guidelines in Oncology: Colon cancer [v.3.2012]. Retrieved from http://www.nccn.org/professionals/physician_gls/pdf/colon.pdf National Comprehensive Cancer Network. (2012b). NCCN Clinical Practice Guidelines in Oncology: Ovarian cancer [v.2.2012]. Retrieved from http://www.nccn.org/professionals/physician_gls/pdf/ovarian.pdf

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