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Forest energy resources, certification of supply and markets for energy technology

Forest energy resources, certification of supply and markets for energy technology. Timo Karjalainen, Finnish Forest Research Institute Arvo Leinonen, Technical Research Centre of Finland Lassi Linnanen, Lappeenranta University of Technology e-mail timo.karjalainen@metla.fi.

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Forest energy resources, certification of supply and markets for energy technology

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  1. Forest energy resources, certification of supply and markets for energy technology Timo Karjalainen, Finnish Forest Research Institute Arvo Leinonen, Technical Research Centre of Finland Lassi Linnanen, Lappeenranta University of Technology e-mail timo.karjalainen@metla.fi The Bioenergetics and Biotechnologies - an effective utilization of waste of timber cuttings and wood processing 14-15 October 2009, Moscow, Russia

  2. GLOENER Acknowledgement Global forest energy resources, certification of supply and markets for energy technology – GLOENER –project Partners Finnish Forest Research Institute (Metla) Technical Research Centre of Finland (VTT) Lappeenranta University of Technology (LUT) Funding the Finnish Funding Agency for Technology and Innovation (Tekes) through ClimBus - Business Opportunities in Mitigating Climate Change programme Stora Enso Oyj, Vapo Oyj, Metso Power Oy, John Deere Forestry Oy, Pentin Paja Oy, Neste Oil Oyj 8.8.2014

  3. Content / main activities • estimation of the availability of forest biomass to energy production and markets for the Finnish energy technology • sustainability criteria for bioenergy production and utilisation • case studies assessing forest energy potentials, harvesting technology and biomass plants • participation in the IEA Bioenergy cooperation Task 31 “Biomass production for energy from sustainable forestry” Task 40 “Sustainable international bioenergy markets: securing supply and demand” 8.8.2014

  4. Geographical focus • North and South America, representing rapidly growing markets for both supply chain and plant technology for biomass based energy generation • North-West Russia, representing potential supplier of forest biomass as well as emerging technology market near EU • South-East Asia, improvment of palm oil production process which could open opportunities for Finnish technology and know-how transfer To gather and analyse information about energy sectors, forest energy potentials and infrastucture from the target regions to help Finnish technology suppliers to succeed in the market 8.8.2014

  5. Global potential of modern energywood- accumulation from current fellings and unutilized increment • 0.7- 1.2 bill. m3 / 1300- 2400 TWh / 4.7-8.8 EJ • equal to 1-2 % of the primary energy demand Source: Anttila P., Karjalainen, T. & Asikainen. A. 2009 8.8.2014

  6. Source: Asikainen, A., Liiri, H., Peltola, S., Karjalainen, T. & Laitila, J. 2008. Forest energy potential in Europe (EU 27). Working Papers of the Finnish Forest Research Institute 69. 33 p. European Union (EU 27) • Theoretical forest energy potential 785 mill. m3 • Technically harvestable 190 mill. m3 • Felling residues 84 mill. m3 (incl. 7 mill. m3 stumps) • Total amount of felling residues from current fellings 211 milj. m3 • 103 mill. m3 from unutilised increment (25% of the unutilised increment) • 36 Mtoe or 411 TWh • equals total energy consumption in Finland or 2% of the EU energy consumption 8.8.2014

  7. European Union (EU 27), continued Source: Asikainen, A., Liiri, H., Peltola, S., Karjalainen, T. & Laitila, J. 2008. Forest energy potential in Europe (EU 27). Working Papers of the Finnish Forest Research Institute 69. 33 p. 8.8.2014

  8. Energy consumption in Finland in 2007 46% 54% 20% 32% 68% 8.8.2014

  9. Consumption of wood-based fuels in Finland 54% 30% 16% 8.8.2014

  10. Rawmaterial for forest chips consumed by heating and power plants in Finland Source: Finnish Forest Research Institute, Metinfo 8.8.2014

  11. Heating and power plants using forest chips 8.8.2014

  12. Sustainability criteria for biomass – views of Finnish stakeholders, results • sustainability criteria for biomass needed and important because of the expanding and globalising nature of the use of biomass, impacts of production and utilisation • strong view that the current bioenergy production and utilisation in Finland are in sustainable levels, thus unnecessary yet to develop the national bioenergy production criteria in Finland • 95% of forests certified under the Pan-European Forest Certification System • sustainability criteria needed internationally in order to steer the production and utilisation of biomass to a more sustainable direction • Finland should participate in the outlining of the sustainability criteria at international level, and in bringing out the Finnish special circumstances • environmental, social and economic criteria to be taken into account Source: Hämäläinen et al. 2008 8.8.2014

  13. Case studies • assessed forest energy resource potential: logging residues, small wood and forest industry residues • assessed the most competitive supply chains and appropriate machine technologies for harvesting and transport of biomass for the power plant and assess the procurement costs of wood biomass • assessed feasibility of woody biomass-based CHP, heat or co-firing plant: power plant technology, power production cost and reduction of emissions • estimated possibilities for Finnish technology suppliers in the area 8.8.2014

  14. Availability of forest chips to Varkaus biofuel production plant in Finland Stora Enso Varkaus mill one of the investment candidates for a full-scale commercial biofuel production plant owned by a joint venture between Stora Enso and Neste Oil Availability of forest chips, i.e. technical potential – present usage, as a function of transporting distance. Source: Laitila J et al. 2008 8.8.2014

  15. Biomass plant in Kostomuksha, Russia • Techno-economic potential of energy wood 180000 m3/a / 360 GWh/a, peat resources 326 TWh • Average long distance transportation 118 km, procurement cost about 13 €/MWh • CHP plant: 40 MW heat, 25 MW steam and 40 MW electricity to the town and the iron pellet factory use • 40% of the fuel forest chips, 60% coal or peat • Profitability of the biomass plant require higher price for mazut oil Source: Raitila et al. 2009 8.8.2014

  16. Availability of biomass, harvesting and energy production in Uruguay • studied fuels logging residues, bark, excess roundwood and agro biomass • condensing power plant of 30 MWe, 50 MWe and 70 MWe analysed • electricity production costs 90-100 €/MWhusing the cheapest materials (bark and felling residues) Source: Virkkunen et al. 2009 8.8.2014

  17. Wood pellet production in British Columbia, Canada • about 1 mill. tons of industrial woody residues in 2008 • 200–500 million m3 of unharvested mountain pine beetle-killed wood • availability 1,9 – 3,2 mill. tons/a • raw material for 10-20 new pellet factories (using 150000 tons/a) • payback time for the investment about 3 years (15-18 % calculated internal rate of return) Source: Wiik et al. 2009 8.8.2014

  18. Conclusions • estimates of the wood energy potential on the global level demonstrate that the potential limited • regionally wood fuels can play significant role in energy market and can help in meeting emission reduction targets • increasingly important to ensure that biomass production and utilisation in energy production is sustainable due to internationalisation of biofuel markets • case studies provided valuable information • possible to direct further investigations and technology knowhow to promising regions / areas 8.8.2014

  19. Thank you 8.8.2014

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