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Paralanguage

Paralanguage. The way in which you say words ; volume, pitch, speaking rate, voice quality. Volume. How loudly or softly you are speaking When might you speak loudly? Softly?. Speaking Rate/ Pace. How fast or slow you are speaking When might you speak fast? slow?. Pitch.

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Paralanguage

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  1. Paralanguage The way in which you say words; volume, pitch, speaking rate, voice quality

  2. Volume • How loudly or softly you are speaking • When might you speak loudly? • Softly?

  3. Speaking Rate/Pace • How fast or slow you are speaking • When might you speak fast? • slow?

  4. Pitch • How high or low the sounds of your voice are • When do you speak with a high pitch? • Low?

  5. Chart of FeelingsDo write this down.

  6. Voice Quality • What makes people able to recognize you by your voice alone • Ex: on the phone • Who has a distinct voice? Arnold Schwarzenegger? Mr. H? Bush?

  7. Stress • Volume & pitch; the amount of emphasis you place on different words in a sentence.

  8. Stress Examples:How does meaning change in the following sentence by stressing different words? • I like him very much. • Meaning: You like him, not the other person. • I like him very much. • Meaning: It is that guy you like, not someone else. • I like him very much. • Meaning: You have very strong feelings.

  9. More Examples:How does meaning change in the following sentence by stressing different words? • She’s giving this money to me. • Meaning: SHE is the one giving the money, nobody else. • She’s giving this money to me. • Meaning: She is GIVING, not lending. • She’s giving this money to me. • Meaning: MONEY is being exchanged, not anything else. • She’s giving this money to me. • Meaning: I am getting the money, nobody else.

  10. 10 Volunteers are needed to number off and remember their number. There will be a series of sentences. The odd numbers will say the sentences as a praise. The even numbers will say the sentences as a criticism.Praise (odd #s) vs. Critisism (even #s)

  11. That looks good on you. • #1 say the sentence as a praise. Think about which words you stress for the meaning and if your pitch is high/low. • Answer: That looks good (high pitch) on you. • #2 say the sentence as a criticism. • Answer: That (low) looks good on you.

  12. That was some meal. • #3 say the sentence as a praise. Think about which words you stress for the meaning and if your pitch is high/low. • Answer: That was some meal (high). • #4 say the sentence as a criticism. • Answer: That was somemeal (low) . Or That (low) was some meal.

  13. You’re an expert. • #5 say the sentence as a praise. Think about which words you stress for the meaning and if your pitch is high/low. • Answer: You’re (high) an expert (high). • #6 say the sentence as a criticism. • Answer: You’re an expert (low).

  14. You’re so sensitive. • #7 say the sentence as a praise. Think about which words you stress for the meaning and if your pitch is high/low. • Answer: You’re so sensitive (high). • #8 say the sentence as a criticism. • Answer: You’re so (low) sensitive.

  15. Are you ready? • #9 say the sentence as a praise. Think about which words you stress for the meaning and if your pitch is high/low. • Answer: Are you ready (high)? • #10 say the sentence as a criticism. • Answer: Are you (low) ready (high)?

  16. Proxemics The study of spatial communication

  17. Four Distances depending on the type of encounter and the nature of the relationship

  18. Intimate Distance: 0-18 inches • situations: Giving comfort or aid, whispering, conversing w/ close friends and family, kissing • We are easily stimulated in this distance, but often easily uncomfortable. • EX: personal space. Who do we let in it?

  19. Personal Distance: 18 inches-4 feet • Situations: Talking w/ friends or business associates, instructing in a sport, other students in class • We’re mostly in this distance. • If you decrease to intimate in this distance people feel uncomfortable, but if you increase your distance people feel rejected.

  20. Social Distance: 4 ft - 12 ft • Situations: Discussing impersonal or business matters w/ someone in authority, taking part in a small group discussion

  21. Public Distance: 12 ft - 25 ft • Situations: Public speaking, teaching a class, leading a pep rally, fans in the stands at a game, people waiting in a lobby • Mostly with strangers we do not want to interact with

  22. Conclusions • Based on the four types of distances and their examples, what can you conclude about the correlation between the distance people have with you and what that might mean? • The closer the more they like you; the farther away the less personal.

  23. Haptics The study of touch communication

  24. 5 reasons we touch:

  25. 1. Positive emotions • support, appreciation, inclusion, sexual interest, and affection • Communicates composure, affection, trust

  26. 2. Playfulness • Tells the other person not to take them seriously

  27. 3. Control • touch controls another person’s behaviors, attitudes, feelings • EX: “move over,”“hurry,”“stay there”

  28. 4. Ritualistic • greetings and departures • EX: shaking hands, kiss, hug, or put arm on shoulder

  29. 5. Task-related • Touch for a task • EX: removing of a hair on other’s shirt, checking fore-head for a fever • Customers gave larger tips when lightly touched by waitress (Marsh 1988)

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