Pop Culture Science

1. Pop Culture Science Bio-Rad Biotechnology Explorer IDEA and STEM Kits

2. Curriculum and Training Specialists Damon Tighe damon_tighe@bio-rad.com Sherri Andrews, Ph.D. sherri_andrews@bio-rad.com Leigh Brown leigh_brown@bio-rad.com

3. Bio-Rad Resources

4. Workshop Overview • What are we doing? Pop Culture + Lab Techniques • How do we get students engaged? Movie scenarios • Deeper dive into technique • Choose your favorite movie scenario! • Lab tailored to movie pick • Standards alignment • Other ideas? • Results

5. Getting Students Engaged

6. A Few of your Students’ Favorite Movies? Interstellar DESPICABLE ME 2 DIVERGENT

7. Electrophoresis separates molecules by CHARGE and SIZE Electrophoresis: “carry with water” Molecular sieve Electricity

8. Lapse It! (10 second intervals)

9. Interstellar Interstellar Link to trailer of Interstellar movie: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=2LqzF5WauAw

10. Insterstellar https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=zSWdZVtXT7E

11. Interstellar Setting the scene: Crop blight has caused a massive die-off of most food crops. You are in a crew of astronauts who travel through a wormhole, searching for a new planetary home for humanity with a suitable food source.

12. Interstellar Premise: You find some potentially edible specimens from an exoplanet near the wormhole, but some are poisonous, and contain a visible blue dye. Students must test the potential food source to find out if it contains the poisonous dye.

13. Interstellar Lab Set Up: Each student has several specimens (M&Ms candy) to test. They use gel electrophoresis to determine if the blue dye is any of the specimens. Teacher Prep: • Blue 1 FD&C dye used for a standard (to represent poisonious blue dye) • Medicine cup full of M&Ms or other candies (Nerds, Skittles) – students can separate colors out into other cups. poisonous blue dye potential food sources

14. Divergent DIVERGENT Link to trailer of Divergent movie: http://divergentthemovie.com/

15. Divergent https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=336qJITnDi0

16. Divergent • Setting the scene: You are a teenager in post-apocalyptic Chicago. Everyone is divided into 5 factions based on their aptitude and personality.

17. Divergent Premise: During your 16th year, you must decide whether to stay in your family’s faction, or join a different faction and leave your family behind. There are several ways to determine which faction you belong in, including an aptitude test.

18. Divergent After your aptitude test, results are now confirmed using a new technique to see what faction you most closely resemble. Do you fit in one faction? Or are you divergent, showing aptitude for 2 or more factions? **Results for Candor may be inconclusive. Hint: You might want to set out bowls of different colors of candies here for a visual for your students

19. Divergent Lab Set Up: Students will prepare extracts from the “faction samples” (candy). You might want to have these separated out into colors at the front of the room, each in its own bowl. These extracts will be run on a gel, along with 3 student samples. Students will identify their sample as matching one faction, or multiple ones (i.e. divergent), and decide if additional tests are needed or if the results are conclusive. Teacher Prep: • M&Ms or Skittles (5 different colors) to represent each faction • FD&C dyes for student samples – some should be a mix of 2 or more colors. Others should just be 1 color. Mix 1:1. faction samples student sample A student sample B student sample C

20. Despicable Me 2 DESPICABLE ME 2 Link to trailer of Despicable Me 2 movie: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=u6RxZK3LTnA

21. Despicable Me 2 • Setting the scene: PX-41 is a dangerous mutagen engineered by villians. It can turn minons into furry killing machines, capable of destroying everything in their paths. You are a reformed evil scientist, looking for an antidote to cure the mutated minions.

22. Despicable Me 2 Premise: Using the materials available to you in your not-so-evil scientist laboratory, hatch a plan to purify different antidotes. You will need to: • Identify which samples contain the yellow antidote. • Are any of them pure? • Can you find another source for the antidote?

23. Despicable Me 2 Lab Set Up: Each workstation has a different set of potential antidotes, made from FD&C dyes. One is pure (yellow) – the others are mixes of various dyes. Teacher Prep: • FD&C dye – yellow, plus mixes of 2 or more other FD&C dyes (include yellow in a few) • Optional – M&Ms or Skittles for students to test for the presence of an antidote. pure antidote sample Sample D Sample E Sample C Sample B Sample A Potential antidote sources (students pick 2 colors to test)

24. Before we start…a little background What is electrophoresis?

25. How can you separate molecules?

26. Food and marker dyes have an intrinsic SIZE and CHARGE and thus can be separated using Electrophoresis Insert close up of FD&C dyes in kit

27. DIY vs Commercial Electrophoresis Chamber

28. Time to Pick!

29. Procedure - Interstellar Before we begin: Find the Blue 1 tube in your green rack. This will represent the poisonous blue dye that we are testing for. Locate the potential food sources (M&Ms). Find the Extraction Buffer tubes. We won’t be using any of the other tubes in the rack, so you can put them to the side. poisonous blue dye potential food sources Extraction buffer

30. Procedure - Interstellar • (Already done for you). Place comb across box at 3cm mark. Pour molten agarose into box. Let solidify. Remove comb. Use a plastic ruler or card to cut across gel about 1 cm from each end, and scoop out and discard the rectangle of agarose. • Center gel in plastic chamber so that the wells are going across the box.

31. Procedure - Interstellar • Add enough TAE buffer to completely cover gel. • Unfold paper clip electrodes as shown in diagram. Place one at each end of the gel. The bottom of the “U” will rest in the empty space at the top and bottom of the gel.

32. Procedure - Interstellar • Separate M&Ms by color. Put one candy of each color into each cup. • Add 250 ul of extraction buffer to each cup. Swirl cups so dyes come off into the buffer. Extraction buffer 250 ul

33. Procedure - Interstellar • Use the green 10 ul fixed volume pipet to load 10 ul of each of your samples into the wells. Change tips between each sample. • Lane 1: Blue 1 (poisonous dye) • Lane 2: Yellow M&M • Lane 3: Red M&M • Lane 4: Brown M&M • Lane 5: Blue M&M • Lane 6: Orange M&M • Lane 7: Green M&M • ***note: order is not important – just be sure to write down what you did! Load 10 ul of each samplet

34. Procedure - Interstellar • Assemble your battery tower as shown in the diagram. • Use the black alligator clip to clip your paper clip to the container at the end closest to your sample wells. Use the red alligator clip to attach the paper clip at the other end of the gel. Catching both the container and the paper clip with the alligator clip ensures that the paper clip won’t fall over.

35. Procedure - Interstellar • Start your gel by clipping the free end of the black alligator lead to the (-) terminal of your battery tower. Attach the free end of the red alligator lead to the (+) terminal of the battery tower. Look for bubbles. Let your gel run for about 15-20 minutes. • Compare the Blue #1 standard to your food samples, and • see if any contain the • poisonous blue dye.

36. Procedure - Divergent Before we begin faction samples Remove any green M&Ms from your candy cup – we won’t need them during the lab. The other colors will represent each faction. Pick one sample (A, B, C, D, or E) for each person at your workstation. Find the Extraction Buffer tubes. We won’t be using any of the other tubes in the rack, so you can put them to the side. student sample A student sample B student sample C Extraction buffer

37. Procedure - Divergent • (Already done for you). Place comb across box at 3cm mark. Pour molten agarose into box. Let solidify. Remove comb. Use a plastic ruler or card to cut across gel about 1 cm from each end, and scoop out and discard the rectangle of agarose. • Center gel in plastic chamber so that the wells are going across the box.

38. Procedure - Divergent • Add enough TAE buffer to completely cover gel. • Unfold paper clip electrodes as shown in diagram. Place one at each end of the gel. The bottom of the “U” will rest in the empty space at the top and bottom of the gel.

39. Procedure - Divergent • You have representative samples from each faction in front of you. Separate these by color, putting one of each color into each cup. • Add 250 ul of extraction buffer to each cup. Swirl cups so dyes come off into the buffer. Extraction buffer 250 ul

40. Procedure - Divergent • Use the green 10 ul fixed volume pipet to load 10 ul of each of your samples into the wells. Change tips between each sample. • Lane 1: Yellow (Abnegation) • Lane 2: Red (Amity) • Lane 3: Brown (Candor) • Lane 4: Blue (Erudite) • Lane 5: Orange (Dauntless) • Lane 6: Student A sample • Lane 7: Student B sample • Lane 8: Student C sample Load 10 ul of each samplet

41. Procedure - Divergent • Assemble your battery tower as shown in the diagram. • Use the black alligator clip to clip your paper clip to the container at the end closest to your sample wells. Use the red alligator clip to attach the paper clip at the other end of the gel. Catching both the container and the paper clip with the alligator clip ensures that the paper clip won’t fall over.

42. Procedure - Divergent • Start your gel by clipping the free end of the black alligator lead to the (-) terminal of your battery tower. Attach the free end of the red alligator lead to the (+) terminal of the battery tower. Look for bubbles. Let your gel run for about 15-20 minutes. • Compare the student samples to the faction samples. Which faction do you belong to? • Are you divergent?

43. Procedure – Despicable Me Before we begin • Find the following tubes in your green rack: • Yellow 5 (pure antidote sample) • Samples A, B, C, D, and E from potential antidotes. • Extraction Buffer • We won’t be using any of the other tubes in the rack, so you can put them to the side. • Decide which 2 colors of candies might be a potential source of the yellow antidote. Take one of each of those 2 colors out, and put the rest of the candies aside. pure antidote sample Sample D Sample E Sample B Sample C Sample A Extraction buffer Potential antidote sources (pick 2 colors to test)

44. Procedure – Despicable Me • (Already done for you). Place comb across box at 3cm mark. Pour molten agarose into box. Let solidify. Remove comb. Use a plastic ruler or card to cut across gel about 1 cm from each end, and scoop out and discard the rectangle of agarose. • Center gel in plastic chamber so that the wells are going across the box.

45. Procedure – Despicable Me • Add enough TAE buffer to completely cover gel. • Unfold paper clip electrodes as shown in diagram. Place one at each end of the gel. The bottom of the “U” will rest in the empty space at the top and bottom of the gel.

46. Procedure – Despicable Me • You have samples which potentially contain the antidote sitting in front of you. You also have some purified antidote. If you’d like, you may test 2 M&M samples to see if they contain the antidote as well. • Add 250 ul of extraction buffer to each cup. Swirl cups so dyes come off into the buffer. Extraction buffer 250 ul

47. Procedure – Despicable Me • Use the green 10 ul fixed volume pipet to load 10 ul of each of your samples into the wells. Change tips between each sample. • Lane 1: Yellow 5 (Antidote) • Lane 2: A • Lane 3: B • Lane 4: C • Lane 5: D • Lane 6: E • Lane 7: Yellow M&M • Lane 8: Green M&M Load 10 ul of each samplet

48. Procedure – Despicable Me • Assemble your battery tower as shown in the diagram. • Use the black alligator clip to clip your paper clip to the container at the end closest to your sample wells. Use the red alligator clip to attach the paper clip at the other end of the gel. Catching both the container and the paper clip with the alligator clip ensures that the paper clip won’t fall over.

49. Procedure – Despicable Me • Start your gel by clipping the free end of the black alligator lead to the (-) terminal of your battery tower. Attach the free end of the red alligator lead to the (+) terminal of the battery tower. Look for bubbles. Let your gel run for about 15-20 minutes. • Compare the purified antidote sample in lane 1 to the potential antidote samples. Which ones contain the antidote? Are any pure?

50. What Can You Teach?