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PROMOTING SYSTEM OF RICE INTENSIFICATION (SRI) AMONG MARGINAL FARMERS OF UTTARAKHAND AND HIMACHAL PRADESH

PROMOTING SYSTEM OF RICE INTENSIFICATION (SRI) AMONG MARGINAL FARMERS OF UTTARAKHAND AND HIMACHAL PRADESH. DEBASHISH SEN, S.P. CHATURVEDI, HIRALAL BHARTI, AND RAJENDRA BANSAL. Paddy – A Mountain Farmers’ Crop. Paddy yields in H.P. & Uttarakhand range from 1.5 to 2.0 t/ha.

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PROMOTING SYSTEM OF RICE INTENSIFICATION (SRI) AMONG MARGINAL FARMERS OF UTTARAKHAND AND HIMACHAL PRADESH

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  1. PROMOTING SYSTEM OF RICE INTENSIFICATION (SRI) AMONG MARGINAL FARMERS OF UTTARAKHAND AND HIMACHAL PRADESH DEBASHISH SEN, S.P. CHATURVEDI, HIRALAL BHARTI, AND RAJENDRA BANSAL

  2. Paddy – A Mountain Farmers’ Crop Paddy yields in H.P. & Uttarakhand range from 1.5 to 2.0 t/ha

  3. PSI’s Intervention (Kharif 2006)

  4. Our Approach • Orientation workshops – briefing for mobilisation, nursery & seed sowing • Training and demonstration programmes - preparation of field, transplanting, weeding and organic composting • Field support at transplanting, tillering & milking stages • Experience-sharing workshops - 128 farmers, 21 NGOs, and 28 government officials

  5. Methodology Adopted • Nursery • Transplanting (25cm x 25 cm) • Repeated use of single-row Mandava weeder • Application of organic compost (Panchgavya, Amritjal, Matka Khad) • Alternative wetting and drying • Draining the field 25 days before harvesting

  6. Comparison of results for SRI and conventional methods of paddy for farmers’ plots (1m x 1m) at Kangra, H.P. While SRI estimates stood close to 70-75 quintals per hectares, non-SRI yields were projected at a dismal 30-40 quintals per hectare.

  7. Comparison of results for SRI and conventional methods of paddy for PSI plots (1m x 1m) at Dehradun While Type-3 SRI paddy showed a yield increment of 56%, the PusaSugandh SRI paddy showed a yield increment of 71%.

  8. Comparison of results for SRI and conventional methods of paddy at Himachal Pradesh and Uttarakhand While non-SRI yields stood close to 30 quintals per ha, the SRI yields were around 50-55 quintals per ha, an average increase of 66%.

  9. Comparison of cultivation costs for SRI and conventional methods of paddy cultivation Organic Basmati Type 3 variety is most profitable for mountain regions having altitude less than 1500m.

  10. Lessons & Recommendations for SRI Paddy for Mountainous Regions Seed Sowing Time for Nursery • High Altitude (>1500m) :1-7 June • Medium Altitude (1000-1500m):10-20 June (iii) Low Altitude (<1000m) :25June-5 July Transplanting Time (i) 10-15 days -Yield 70-75Q/Ha (ii) 16-23 days -Yield 55-60 Q/Ha (iii) > 23 days – 40-45 Q/Ha Weeding (i)   Three Times - Yield 70-75Q/Ha (ii)  Two Times - Yield 60-65 Q/Ha (iii) One Time -Yield 50-55 Q/Ha

  11. Comparison of results for SWI and conventional method of HD-2329 wheat variety at Dehradun The highest SWI yield was obtained with spacing: 15 cm x 15 cm row-to-row and 15 cm x 15 cm plant-to-plant

  12. Comparison of results for SWI and conventional method of PBW - 396 wheat variety at Dehradun Highest SWI yields with this variety were obtained at spacing: 20 cm x 20 cm row-to-row and 20 cm x 20 cm plant-to-plant

  13. Lessons & Recommendations for SWI for Mountainous Regions • Optimum row to row and plant to plant spacing is 15 cms x 15 cms and 20 cms x 20 cms • SWI is too labour-intensive • Need to design a seed drill for sowing at fixed spacing. • Weeder/hoe needs to be designed for intercultural operations • Organic composting required for higher yields

  14. SRI: Perceived benefits & constraints • A. BENEFITS • Less seed requirement • Saving in water • Decreased workload • Promotes equity • Early maturity • Higher grain yields • Increased biomass • Improves soil fertility • B. CONSTRAINTS • Time-bound operations • Labour-intensive • Accessibility to weeders and markers • Design modifications required in the Mandava weeder for small terraces • Availability of water under rainfed conditions needed, especially after milking stage Strategy required for popularising and promoting SRI

  15. Moving ahead • Kharif 2007 • 30 capacity building workshops organised covering about 1000 farmers • More than 600 farmers have adopted SRI in about 40 ha of paddy lands • Application of SRI method for cultivation of finger millets (mandwa) and pulses (rajma) in 100 mountain farms

  16. SRI: A boon for mountain farmers • Small farmholding, about 0.4 ha (1 acre) per family • Rice is the staple food of the residing populace • Higher stalk volume means more fodder for the cattle • More farmyard manure and possibly increased milk yields • Promotes a sustainable and more equitable mode of paddy cultivation SRI POTENTIAL TO ADDRESS THE FOOD SECURITY AND LIVELIHOOD NEEDS OF SMALL AND MARGINAL FARMERS

  17. Thank You 252, Vasant Vihar, Phase I Dehra Doon - 248 006 Uttarakhand INDIA Web : www.peoplesscienceinstitute.com Mail : psiddoon@gmail.com Phone : +91 135 2763649, 2773849 Fax : +91 135 2760334

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