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Chapter 21 THE NEW FRONTIER AND THE GREAT SOCIETY

Chapter 21 THE NEW FRONTIER AND THE GREAT SOCIETY. Section 1: Kennedy and the Cold War Section 2: The Kennedy White House Section 3: Johnson’s Great Society. Section 1: Kennedy and the Cold War. Objectives:. How did television coverage influence the presidential election of 1960?

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Chapter 21 THE NEW FRONTIER AND THE GREAT SOCIETY

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  1. Chapter 21 THE NEW FRONTIER AND THE GREAT SOCIETY Section 1: Kennedy and the Cold War Section 2: The Kennedy White House Section 3: Johnson’s Great Society

  2. Section 1: Kennedy and the Cold War Objectives: • How did television coverage influence the presidential election of 1960? • How did President Kennedy plan to stop the spread of communism? • Why did the Bay of Pigs invasion of Cuba fail? • How did the Cuban missile crisis almost lead to war?

  3. Section 1: Kennedy and the Cold War Television coverage and the election of 1960 • Prior to debates, Nixon led in the polls. • Debates showed Kennedy vibrant and Nixon tired. • Radio listeners thought Nixon had won, but TV viewers thought Kennedy won. • Kennedy won election by narrow margin.

  4. Section 1: Kennedy and the Cold War Kennedy’s plan to stop communism • The strategy was called flexible response. • Military actions included the Bay of Pigs invasion. • Non-military programs included the Peace Corps and economic aid such as Alliance for Progress.

  5. Section 1: Kennedy and the Cold War Failure of the Bay of Pigs invasion • strong Cuban counterattacks • absence of a popular revolt • lack of air strikes • lack of naval and air support

  6. Section 1: Kennedy and the Cold War The Cuban missile crisis • Soviet Union installed offensive missiles in Cuba. • U.S. blockaded Cuba to force the Soviet Union to remove the missiles.

  7. Section 2: The Kennedy White House Objectives: • How did President Kennedy’s image conflict with reality? • Why did Kennedy have difficulty getting legislation passed? • How did the Kennedy administration try to help poor Americans? • How did Americans respond to the death of the president?

  8. Section 2: The Kennedy White House Kennedy’s image • presented picture of health and vitality • carefully controlled • avoided photographs of the president wearing reading glasses • struggles with illness (back trouble, Addison’s disease) hidden

  9. Section 2: The Kennedy White House Difficulty passing legislation A coalition of southern Democrats and conservative Republicans in Congress opposed Kennedy’s programs.

  10. Section 2: The Kennedy White House Kennedy’s help for poor Americans • supported passage of the Area Redevelopment Act • was working on more antipoverty legislation when assassinated

  11. Section 2: The Kennedy White House Response to assassination • deep mourning • shock, fear, and outrage • the Warren Commission

  12. Section 3: Johnson’s Great Society Objectives: • How did President Johnson’s War on Poverty affect American communities • What problems did the Great Society programs address? • How did the Warren Court expand individual liberties? • Why did support for the Great Society programs decline during the late 1960s?

  13. Section 3: Johnson’s Great Society Johnson’s War on Poverty • Office of Economic Opportunity coordinated programs such as job training. • Head Start program provided pre-school education for low-income families. • Volunteers in Service to America provided a domestic Peace Corps. • American Indians allowed to run their own antipoverty programs.

  14. Section 3: Johnson’s Great Society The Great Society • health care (Medicare, Medicaid) • education (Elementary and Secondary Education Act) • housing (Omnibus Housing Act) • cultural programs • environmental protection acts

  15. Section 3: Johnson’s Great Society The Warren Court • ruled that electoral districts had to have the same number of voters • declared that states had to provide lawyers to impoverished defendants • ruled that the accused had the right to have a lawyer present during police investigations • declared that accused persons had to be informed of their rights at the time of arrest

  16. Section 3: Johnson’s Great Society Decline in support for the Great Society • Vietnam War diverted funds and attention. • Speed of legislation worried some members of Congress. • Republicans gained congressional seats in 1966 elections. • Some state and local politicians disliked federal control of programs.

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