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Physics

http://scienceforkids.kidipede.com/physics/. Physics. http://www.sciencekids.co.nz/physics.html. http://www.helpteaching.com/free-physics-worksheets.htm. weather motory radioaktivita space travel physical phenomena fyzika kolem nás revize - opakování.

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Physics

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  1. http://scienceforkids.kidipede.com/physics/ Physics http://www.sciencekids.co.nz/physics.html http://www.helpteaching.com/free-physics-worksheets.htm weather motory radioaktivita space travel physical phenomena fyzika kolem nás revize - opakování http://www.s-cool.co.uk/a-level/physics - super maturita http://gstanczuk.com/Physics/

  2. Physics- dictionary A absolutní - absolute akustika – acoustics aplikace - application analýza – analysis astronomie – atronomy B biologie - biology Č čas – time částice - element D definovat – define dynamika - dynamics E elektrický proud – electric current elektromagnetismus - electromagnetism energie – energy experiment - experiment F filozofie- philosophy G gravitace - gravitation H hranice – boundaries hydrostatika - hydrostatics CH chaos - chaos chemie – chemistry I industrializace – industrialization interakce - interation J jádro - nucleus K kinematika – kinematics kosmologie - cosmology L lámání – refraction laser - laser M magnetismus - magnetism matematika – mathematics mechanika - mechanics mechanismus – mechanism N nanotechnologie- nanotechnology nukleání – nuclear O odhadovat - estimate odraz - reflection optika - optics P pevný - solid počítač - computer pohyb – motion polarizace – polarization pole - field porozumět - understand pořádek – order pozorování - observation praktický - practical prostor – space předpoklad - prerequisite přenost - transmission příroda – nature R radiace – radiation relativita – relativity rentgen – X-ray rozptýlení - dispersion rušení - interference S síla – force simulátor - simulator společnost – society statika - statics T tekutý - liquid televize - television teorie – theory termodynamika – thermodynamics tranzistor - transistor U ultrafialový - ultraviolet V vesmír – universe vědec - scientist věda – science vodivost - conduction všeobecný – general výzkum – research Z zakřivený - curved zbraň – weapon zvuk - sound

  3. DISCUSSION What is physics about? What do we use it for? Is physics a popular subject? Why? Why not? What is condensation? What do you know about gases? What is a water cycle? Why does water change its form? What is light? Does light travel? Is light visible when it travels? What do you know about the energy of the Sun? Does it influence our planet anyhow? Is solar energy used anyhow? What kinds of energy do you know? Where does it come from? How would you define a „magnet“? How are liquids and solids different? What happends when the light shines on a mirror? What is magnetism? What is „Celsius“? What is a „closed circuit“ good for? Is there any difference between pushing and pulling? What happens to liquids when they evaporate? Why do they evaporate? Can you name some sources of light? Can energy be stored? How? What is „distance“? How is it counted? Is speed always measured in kilometres? What is termal energy? What is acceleration and what is its function in physics? Why do astronauts „float“ in the space? Why is radiation harmful? What kind of rays do you know? Are waves always connected with water? What do we measure with WATTS? What is the relationship between Kcal and kJ? Can energy be destroyed? What is conduction? How is thermal energy transferred? What is „echo“? http://www.helpteaching.com/questions/Physics http://www.helpteaching.com/questions/index.htm?pageNum=10&entityId=77&gradeFilterId=

  4. Basic units of measurement – can you match the units? Length a) Kelvin (K) Mass b) Candela (Cd) Time c) Ampere (A) Electric Charge d) Second (s) Temperature e) Metre (m) Luminenscent Intensity f) Kilogram (kg) metre kilogram second ampere kelvin candela Units of measurement – try to explain the use of these units and give examples Frequency / Hertz Force, Weight / Newton Work, Heat / Joule Power / Watt Pressure / Pascal Illuminance / Lux Electric charge of flux / Coulomb Electrical potential difference, Electromotive force / Volt Electric resistance, Impedance, Reactance / Ohm Electric capacitance / Farad Magnetic flux / Weber Magnetic flux density, magnetic induction / Tesla Thermodynamic temperature / Degree Celsius Can you complete this chart? Some information has already been given teraT1012 G109 mega106 k103 deci c10-2 millim µ10-6 nano p10-12 teraT1012 gigaG109 megaM106 kilok103 decid10-1 centic10-2 millim10-3 microµ10-6 nanon10-9 picop10-12

  5. Physics – links • http://www.physics.org/ - populární fyzika • http://physicsworld.com/ - svět fyziky • http://www.physicsclassroom.com/ - fyzika ve třídě • http://physics.about.com/ - fyzika a její odvětví • http://www.physicstoday.org/ - moderní fyzika • http://www.physicsgames.net/ - fyzikální hry pro děti • http://physics.aps.org/ - zajímavé fyzikální jevy • http://tpt.aapt.org/ - učitel fyziky • http://www.csun.edu/science/physics/ - fyzika – zdroje • http://www.physics.umd.edu/perg/qm/qmcourse/NewModel/research/whatwork/ - jak učit fyziku • http://www.tes.co.uk/physics-secondary-teaching-resources/ - fyzika – materiály • http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=FJVvtOy-ukE – výuka fyziky • http://www.physics4kids.com/ - jednoduché vysvětlení pro děti • http://physics-help.info/physicsguide/appendices/si_units.shtml - fyzikální jednotky a jednotky SI • http://www.bbc.co.uk/bitesize/higher/physics/units/units/revision/1/ - jednotky a předpony čísel • http://rmp.aps.org/ - moderní fyzika • http://www.physics4kids.com/files/mod_intro.html - fyzika pro děti a pracovní sešity

  6. Famous physicists - dictionary R radioaktivita - radioactivity relativita – relativity rentgen – X- ray rovnice – equation ruda - ore rychlost – speed S síla - power světlo - light Š štěpení - fission T teleskop - telescope teoretický - theoretical teorie – theory test - test V válka – war vlnová délka - wavelength výbušný – explosive vypařit - evaporate vyvinout – develop vzorec - formula Z zákon – law založit - found zbraň – weapon zdroj - resource zpomalit – slow down zvuk – sound zrychlení - acceleration A atomový – nuclear B bomba - bomb Č černá díra – black hole červí díra - wormhole D dualita – duality E exploze - explosion G genius – genius geometrie - geometry gravitace – gravitation H hliník - aluminium hvězda – star CH choroba - disease I izolovat – isolate j jedinečnost - singularity K kámen - stone klasifikace - classification kolísání – fluctuation konečný - finite kvantový – quantum L laboratoř - lab lámání - refraction M matematik – mathematician mechanika – mechanics minerál - mineral N nekonečný - infinite O objev – discovery optika - optics P paprsek - ray paradox - paradox planeta – planet podcenit - underestimate pole – field polonium - polonium princip – principle priorita – priority

  7. http://www.shutterstock.com/pic-99221189/stock-photo-israel-circa-albert-einstein-on-pounds-banknote-from-israel-german-born.html?src=MnclY0NPumLy3cgWOwV8-Q-1-0http://www.shutterstock.com/pic-99221189/stock-photo-israel-circa-albert-einstein-on-pounds-banknote-from-israel-german-born.html?src=MnclY0NPumLy3cgWOwV8-Q-1-0 http://www.shutterstock.com/pic-81842386/stock-photo-isaac-newton-engraved-by-freeman-and-published-in-lives-of-eminent-and-illustrious.html?src=kz0Hn5CwXPPxGBHQXgIaOA-1-0 http://www.shutterstock.com/pic-97271666/stock-photo-known-to-chemists-pierre-curie-and-marie-sklodowska-curie-in-laboratory-circa.html?src=WxXvJtzr2_nlE2OlBlw0uQ-1-0 ALBERT EINSTEIN Where was he from? Why did he become so famous? What does „E=mc2“ mean? Why did he move from Germany to the USA? Did he take part in the „Manhattan Project“? What was it? Einstein was interested in relativity – what kinds of relativity do you know and why was relativity important for him? What did he think of „wormholes“? What is it and what do scientists think about it? Are there any famous experiments he took part in? ISAAC NEWTON Do you know anything about his life? What do you know about the period of time he lived in? He was interested in optics and telescopes, what do you know about it? Can you say something about Newton and his relationship to space, gravity and other planets? Can you breafly describe what the „Laws or motion“ are about? What is the practical use of Newton´s teaching? What do we measure with „Newtons“? What was scientific revolution and why is Newton considered a key figure? MARIE SKLODOWSKA – CURIE What did she become famous for? Which elements did she discover and can you mention their positive and negative impact on society? What do you know about her personal life? Was it influenced by her work anyhow? Why did she get the Nobel price? Was her husband famous too? For what?

  8. http://www.shutterstock.com/pic-9646405/stock-photo-replica-nuclear-weapon.html?src=Zlol3GQw7MVxQJX0D6VyRA-1-0http://www.shutterstock.com/pic-9646405/stock-photo-replica-nuclear-weapon.html?src=Zlol3GQw7MVxQJX0D6VyRA-1-0 http://www.shutterstock.com/pic-36107134/stock-photo-london-july-professor-stephen-hawking-british-theoretical-physicist-attends-a-press-conference.html?src=J11WCFBlwfAnlVjd6sZYig-1-1 ROBERT OPPENHEIMER What was the most important discovery of his life? Can you explain what was his discovery used for, what effects did it have and what were the consequences? How do you think he felt when he learned about Hiroshima and Nagasaki? Can you think of more scientiscs who invented something amazing but in the end it was abused or used in a completely different way? STEPHEN HAWKING Do you know anything about this scientist? Why is he famous? Do you know anything about his physical condition? Hawking is fascinated by black holes and other objects in space. Do you think that one day it will be possible to travel in space, time and live on space ships just like they do in the TV series? Which things do you think will never be possible? Hawking writes books for children and public – do you think people are interested in physics? How can teachers make physics attractive and interesting for children? WILHELM RÖNTGEN What did he invent? How did his invention change modern medicine? Where is his invention used and what would happen if he had never invented it? Does his invention harm people as well? How? When? Why? What kinds of “rays” do you know and what are they used for? Are any of them hamrful as well?

  9. Famous physicists - links • http://cnr2.kent.edu/~manley/physicists.html - slavní fyzikové • http://physics.about.com/od/famousphysicists/Famous_Physicists.htm - odkazy na slavné fyziky • http://www.biography.com/people/groups/scientists/physicists - biografie a videa slavných fyziků • http://www.nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/physics/laureates/1921/einstein-bio.html - stránky Nobelovy ceny • http://www.biography.com/people/albert-einstein-9285408 - Einsteinův život • http://rescomp.stanford.edu/~cheshire/EinsteinQuotes.html - Einsteinovy citáty • http://www.newton.ac.uk/newtlife.html - Newton a jeho život • http://www.biography.com/people/isaac-newton-9422656 - informace a teze Isaaca Newtona • http://www.nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/physics/laureates/1903/marie-curie-bio.html - život Marie Curie • http://www.aip.org/history/curie/ - Radioaktivita • http://www.hawking.org.uk/ - oficiální stránky Stephena Hawkinga • http://www.nndb.com/people/550/000071337/ - Röntgen a jeho život • http://www.famousscientists.org/wilhelm-rontgen/ - rozcestník známých vědců

  10. Simple machines – dictionary D definice – definition délka – length dřevěný – wooden E efektivita - efficiency J jádro - core K kabel - cable kladka – pulley klín – vedge kloub - joint kolo – wheel kolo (jízdní) – bicycle kroutivá síla - torque L lehký (váha) – light lehký (obtížnost) - easy M mlýn – mill mlýn větrný - windmill N nakloněná rovina – inclined plane nástroj – too naviják - windlass nevýhoda - disadvantage O ohnout – bend okraj - edge opora - fulcrum osa – axe otáčet - spin P páka – lever pant – hinge pevný – fixed posuvný - sliding povrch - surface provaz – rope převodové ústrojí - gear pumpa - pump působení – leverage Rrovnováha – balance rovný (cesta) – straight rovný (rovnost =) – equal Ř řetězec - chain S síla - force směr – direction spirála – spiral spojení - connection spojit – connect středový čep – pivot svah – slope Š široký - wide šroub – bolt šroubovák - screwdriver T táhnout – pull těsný - tight těžký – heavy tisk - print tlačit – push točit – turn trakař - wheelbarrow tření – friction tvar - shape U umělý – artificial uzavřený - compound užitečný - useful V velikost – magnitude vrut – screw výhoda - advantage Z zařízení – device zvednout – lift ztráta - loss

  11. Discussion What is a lever? How does it work? Can you think of some everyday situations when levels are used? Do animals know this principle? Does the amount of work change when you use the lever or use your own physical power? What is the inclined plane? What is it used for? Can you give any practical examples? Have you ever used it? How? When? Can you finish this sentence .. „The steeper the plane is the more difficult it is to..........“ People say that inclined plane was used for building the Pyramids in Egypt. What do you think about it and can you explain the use of the plane during the building? What in general do you think about the pay the Pyramids were built? How old do you think wheels are? What were they used for during ancient times? What are the wheels used for now? Can you imagine life without wheels? How would your life change? What is a screw? What does it look like? When can we find them and are they important? Which of these machines were invented by Archimedes? What is a wedge? What is a pulley? Use these words in sentences and explain them SLOPE WOODEN FORCE LIGHT HEAVY TOOL WINDMILL WHEEL SCREW ARCHIMEDES INVENT MECHANISM MATERIAL LIFT BOTTLE OPENER FORCE DIRECTION SPIRAL FLAT ROUND OPEN BUILT PYRAMIND ANCIENT TIMES PULL PUSH WEIGHT ROPE SCREWDRIVER PRINT TURN ARTIFICIAL

  12. Solve these tasks • Which of these activities are examples of using a lever? Circle them and comment what happens during these activities • USING A HAMMER TO PULL OUT A NAIL • USING A BOTTLE-OPENER TO OPEN A BEER BOTTLE • USING A BLENDER FOR MAKING A COCTAIL • USING A SCREWDRIVER TO PRY THE LID OFF A CAN OF PAINT • A PAIR OF SCISSORS • OPENING A WINDOW • USING A BALANCE SCALE TO WEIGH THINGS • CHANGING THE TIRE • PLAYING ON A SEE-SAW • Which is not an example of a simple machine? • screw – pulley – fulcrum - inclined plane • A nail can be hammered into a piece of wood, but a bolt cannot. What simple machine can be found at the point of a nail? • wheel and axle - inclined plane - lever - wedge • A seesaw is an example of what simple machine? • wedge – lever - iclined plane - screw • 5. In a second class lever, the load is placed in between the fulcrum and the effort. • Given this information, which of the following is NOT a second class lever? • bottle opener - fishing rod - nut cracker - paper cutter • 6. A pulley is most closely related to which other simple machine? • lever – screw - inclined plane - wheel and axle • 7.  What type of simple machine is a mountain road? • lever – wedge - inclined plane - wheel - axle •   Which of the following best explains why lifting a heavy object with a single • pulley and rope makes the task seem easier? • less force is needed to lift the object - less work is done when moving the • object - the direction of the force required to lift the object is changed - the • force needed to move the object is applied over a greater distance Using a hammer to pull out a nail Using a bottle-opener to open a beer bottle using a screwdriver to pry the lid off a can of paint A pair of scissors Using a balance scale to weigh things playing on a see-saw Discussion – simple machines and you When are simple machines taught at the basic school? Is it easy for the children to understand it? What examples do you use for each machine? How do you test the students´ knowledge? Do you mention Archimedes and the Pyramids in your lessons?

  13. Simple machines - links • http://physics.about.com/od/physicsintherealworld/p/simplemachines.htm - jednoduché nástroje, vysvětlení • http://www.mikids.com/Smachines.htm - nástroje a obrázky • http://edheads.org/activities/simple-machines/ - video pro děti, nástroje a jejich využití • http://www.enchantedlearning.com/physics/machines/Levers.shtml - praktické ukázky, hýbající se obrázky • http://legacy.mos.org/sln/Leonardo/Inventorstoolbox.html - druhy a formy jednoduchých nástrojů • http://www.neok12.com/Simple-Machines.htm - videa jednotlivých nástrojů • http://www.brainpopjr.com/science/forces/simplemachines/preview.weml - vědecké hry pro děti • http://intl.concord.org/beacon3/examplesofmachines.html - příklady jednoduchých přístrojů okolo nás • http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=L_typfApyVk – video základních přístrojů • http://gtm-media.discoveryeducation.com/videos/dsc/externalapplications/accessible/simulations-es/Explorations/Content/Resources/PS_6_3_1_Simple_Machines/flash/PS_6_3_1_Simple_Machines.html - výuka jednoduchých přístrojů online

  14. Time in physics and astrology – dictionary and phrases A absolutní - absolute astronomy – astronomie C cyklický - cyclical Č čas – time D den - day dochvilnost – timekeeping E efekt – effect experiment - experiment G gravitace - gravity H hodina - hour hodiny – clock CH chronometr - chronometer I interval – interval inženýr - engineer K kalendář – calendar kalibrovat – calibrate kauzalita – causality koncept – concept kyvadlo - pendulum L lineární - linear M mechanika - mechanics měsíc - month minuta – minute místní – local moment – moment množství - quantity N navigace – navigation noc - night P paprsek - ray platný – applicable pohyb - motion povědomí – awareness pravděpodobnost - expectancy pravidelný - periodic pravidlo - rule prostor – space prostorový – spatial prostorový – spatial pozorovatel - observer předpovědět - predict přesný - accurate přesýpací hodiny – hourglass příčina – cause R realita - reality relativita - relativity rok – year rotace – rotation rovnodennost - equinox rozměr – dimension rozšíření - dilatation rychlost – velocity S sekunda - second síla – power slunce - Sun sluneční hodiny – sundial souměrnost - symmetry stín – shadow světlo – light systém - system T teorie - theory trvání – duration týden – week U ukazovat - indicate V vesmír - space vnímat - percieve vynálezce – inventor vzdálenost – distance vztah - relation Z zařízení – device zmatený – chaotic zřejmý - apparent zvonec - bell

  15. Discusstion How do we read time in English? Why do people need to know time? What would happen if people didn´t know time? What kind of clock do you know? How do we read dates in English? How do we read years and centuries in English? What is a calendar? What parts does a calendar have and why do some years have 366 days? Is time relative? Who is the author of the theory of relativity and what is it? How many seconds are there in one minute? How many minutes are there in one hour? How many seasons as there in one year? How many months are there in one year? Do you know any other time units of measurement ? How old is our planet? How are such things counted? Some people speak about the „Big Bang“. What is it and what did it mean for our planet? What do you know about mechanical clocks? When were they invented? How did they change our lives? What is a pendulum? What purpose does it have? What is the difference between subjective and objective understanding of time? Some scientists say that the fourth-dimension means time. Do you agree? Einstein said that „time is only an illusion“. What did he mean by that? • Can you comment human perception of time vs. ... • BIRTH AND DEATH • AGING • FUTURE • PAST • MEMORIES • KNOWN AND UNKNOWN THINGS • MOTION • SUBJECTIVE FEELING • PLEASANT AND UNPLEASANT FEELINGS • RELATIVITY OF PRESENCE

  16. These were the biggest discoveries in physics during the time – can you comment them? How did they change people´s lives? 240 BCArchimedes discovers his principle of buoyancy. 1514 Nicolaus Copernicus develops his heliocentric theory. 1592 Galileo Galilei invents the thermometer. 1604 Galileo Galilei proves that falling bodies are accelerated towards the ground at a constant rate. 1651 Blaise Pascal shows that pressure applied at one point in a liquid is transmitted unchanged to all points in the liquid. 1668 Isaac Newton designs and builds a reflecting telescope. 1714Gabriel Fahrenheit introduces the mercury thermometer and his new scale of temperature. 1800 Alessandro Volta invents the battery. 1822 André Ampère shows that two wires carrying electric currents attract each other. 1898Ernest Rutherford discovers alpha and beta radiation. 1909Robert Millikan measures the charge on the electron. 1948John Bardeen, Walter Brattain, and William Shockley invent the transistor. Time – discussion How can the Sun help us to measure time? How can the stars help us to measure time? What is an „Obelisk“ and how is it connected to time? Is there anything like „water clock“? What is the difference between mechanical and digital clock? What is the difference between wall clock and pocket clock? What do they look like? What is atomic clock? Why would pendulum clock never work on a ship? Why is there summer in Europe while there is winter in Australia? What is a „time zone“? Why and when is it important? What is a „timeline“? When is it used? Could Galileo and Copernicus meet each other? Can you compare Mayan calendar and our European calendar? With the decimal system, everything is divided into tens. However, minutes are 1/60 of an hour, and seconds are 1/60 of a minute. To which ancient civilization do we owe this division?

  17. Time in physics and astrology - links • http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Time_in_physics - čas ve fyzice • http://www.timephysics.com/ - co je to čas a naše vnímání času • http://www.livescience.com/29081-time-real-illusion-smolin.html - fyzické dohady a nejasnosti • http://www.energyreality.com/pgs/time.htm - co je to čas? • http://www.bartleby.com/173/8.html - čas ve fyzice od Einsteina • http://spiff.rit.edu/classes/phys301/lectures/time/time.html - čas a systémy měření • http://cas.sdss.org/dr7/en/proj/kids/oldtime/ - starověká astronomie • http://www.cv.nrao.edu/~rfisher/Ephemerides/times.html - druhy „času“ • http://www.sciencedaily.com/news/space_time/ - novinky ze světa vědy a fyziky • http://www.pbs.org/seeinginthedark/astronomy-topics/light-as-a-cosmic-time-machine.html - fyzika vs. astrofyzika • http://www.ifpan.edu.pl/firststep/aw-works/fsII/mul/mueller.html - problém času v astronomii • http://everythingforever.com/einstein.htm - Einstein vs. čas • http://www.scientificamerican.com/article.cfm?id=could-time-end – časový paradox • http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4jO1gStcuEg – video – čas v kvantové mechanice

  18. Energy – dictionary and phrases A absorbovat – absorb Č část - component D definice – definition deformace – deformation drát - wire dynamo - dynamo E elastický – elastical elektrárna – power plant elektrický - electicalelektromagnetický - electromagnetical F forma – form G gravitace – gravitation H helium - helium hořet – burn CH chemický – chemical chladit - cool K kapacita – capacity kinetický – kinetical kolísat - wobble kvantita – množství M magnetický - magnetic masa – mass mez - boundary N náhodný – random nevratný – non-reversible nukleární - nuclear O objekt – object obsahovat – contain obvod - circuit oxidace - oxidation P plazma - plasma pole – field polonium - polonium potencionální – potentional proměnit – transform proton - proton předmět - object přeměnit – convert převládat - predominate R radioaktivní - radioactive rotace – rotation rozdělit - split S setrvačnost - inertia snížit – decrease spalování – combustion stlačit - compress světlo – light Š štěpení - fission T teplo - heat termální - thermal tlačit – push tlak – pressure U uspořádání - configuration V vlna – wave vratný - reversible vyrobit - produce vzdálenost – distance Z zachování – conservation zákon - law zastavit – stop zničit - destroy zvednout – lift zvýšit - increase

  19. How would you explain these forms of energy? Can you give examples as well? Kinetic ________________________________________________ Chemical ________________________________________________ Electric ________________________________________________ Magnetic ________________________________________________ Radiant ________________________________________________ Nuclear ________________________________________________ Elastic ________________________________________________ Sound ________________________________________________ Thermal ________________________________________________ Gravitational ________________________________________________ What kind of energy is produced during these activities? Riding a roller-coaster Photosynthesis Cyclist using a dynamo Spacecraft landing on Moon Oxidation Clapping Playing billiards Digestion of food Burning Switching on a generator Flowing water Having an X-ray Feeling the warmth of a campfire on your face Snapping your fingers Running Kicking the soccer ball http://www.shutterstock.com/pic-118957105/stock-vector-electricity-icons.html?src=gGY6phU3yX_BLLw2apO_bA-1-12 Discussion What is energy? Who invented it? When did people start to be interested in energy? How is energy „created“? How is it stored? How is it distributed? Is it dangerous anyhow?

  20. Can you comment these pictures and their relationship to energy? 1) 2) 3) 4) 5) 6) 7) 8) 9) 10) 11) 12) 13) 14) 15) 16) Energy in context How is the term „energy“ used in chemistry? What kind of energy do we talk about in biology? What happens in a volcano before the erruption? What happens during an earthquake? How important are fats and calories in human life? What is the food chain and what kind of energy is produced during that process? What do you know about these machines that are used for producing energy? TURBINE, GENERATOR, ENGINE Comment these facts If a person yelled for 8 years, 7 months, and 6 days, he or she would produce enough energy to heat one cup of coffee. Energy cannot be destroyed or created—only transformed. The top seven oil consumers combined use more than half of the world’s total. The United States alone uses more than a quarter. Nuclear power produces around 13% of the world's electricity. Space missions have been using solar energy to power spaceships since 1958. Although the sun is over 90 million miles from the Earth, it takes less than 10 minutes for light to speed across that distance. Petroleum oil provided 18 percent of energy for electricity in 1973 and less than 1 percent in 2011.

  21. Energy - links • http://www.energyquest.ca.gov/story/chapter01.html - Co je to energie? Informační rozcestník • http://www.eschooltoday.com/energy/kinds-of-energy/all-about-energy.html - druhy energie • http://sayitwithscience.tumblr.com/post/8104049758/there-are-9-types-of-energy-chemical-energy - vysvětlení druhů energie • http://www.physicsclassroom.com/class/energy/u5l1c.cfm - fyzikální rozcestník, energie • http://www.bbc.co.uk/schools/gcsebitesize/science/add_ocr_gateway/forces/energyrev1.shtml - kinetická energie • http://www.acoustic-glossary.co.uk/sound-energy.htm - zvuková energie • http://www.bbc.co.uk/bitesize/ks3/science/energy_electricity_forces/energy_transfer_storage/revision/5/ - přesun energie • http://www.physics4kids.com/files/thermo_intro.html - vysvětlení energie pro děti • http://www1.curriculum.edu.au/sciencepd/energy/chem.htm - druhy energie, příklady a vysvětlení • http://www.electricityforum.com/ - elektrická energie • http://www.fi.edu/guide/hughes/10types/typesgrav.html - novinky a informace ze světa energií • http://www.greenpeace.org/international/en/news/Blogs/climate/10-amazing-facts-you-probably-didnt-know-abou/blog/32232/ - zajímavá fakta o energiii

  22. Energy industry – dictionary and phrases plyn - gas plýtvání – wastage princip - principle prodej – sale produkce – production prostředí - environment průmysl – industry R rafinerie – rafiners ropa – oil ropná skvrna – oil spillage rtuť - mercury S sektor - sector skleníkový efekt – greenhouse effect smog - smog solární – solar společnost - society spotřeba – consuption stříbro - silver T tání – melting tanker - tanker teplota - temperature těžba – extraction trend - trend trh - market U udržitelný – sustainable uhlí - coal V větrná elektrárna – wind plant vodní elektrárna – water plant vývoj – development vztah - relationship Z zachránit – save zákon - law zboží - goods zdroj – resource zdanění - taxation znečištění - pollution A alternativní – alternative B benzinová pumpa – petrol station, gas station C cíl – goal civilizace - civilization Č čištění – refining D distribuce – distribution dopad - impact doprava – transportation dostupný – available dotace – subsidy drát - wire Eelektrárna – powerplant emise - emission energie - energy F faktor – factor fosilní - fossil funkce – function G globální – global globální oteplování – global warming H hydroelektrický hydroelectrical I infrastruktura – infrastructure J jaderná elektrárna – nuclear powerplant K klíčový – crucial L legislativa - legislation M management – management měď – copper N národní - national O obnovitelný – renewable oteplování - warming P palivo – fuel petroleum – ropa poptávka – demand poskytovatel – provider potrubí - pipeline

  23. What energy cources are necessary in these industries? AGRICULTURE TRANSPORTATION WASTE COLLECTION INFORMATION TECHNOLOGIES COMMUNICATIONS People need a lot of devices for their life. Can you comment these devices and their use? How did they change people´s lives? Dishwasher Air-conditioning Computer Sewing machine Printer Slot machine CNC machines Brick making machine Anaesthetic machine X-ray machine What is the environmental impact of energy production? What are natural resources? Can you name any of them? Where are they? Why do we want them? What do we use them for? Are the reserves unlimited? What will we do when there are no natural resources? What is pollution? How can we limit it? What is the „greenhouse effect“? What causes „global warming“? Do you believe in it? What do you know about these elements: beryllium, cadmium, chromium, copper, manganese, mercury, nickel and silver? What is renewable energy? What kind of powerplants do you know and which of them are the biggest pollutants? Why are there wars to get more resources?

  24. How do these „issues“ influence global energetics? TERRORISM WARS RELIGION NATURAL DISASTER ACCIDENT POLITICAL SYSTEM POVERTY EXPORT AND IMPORT Transport What kinds of transport do you know? How does transport influence the environment? What kinds of fuel can means of transport use? What is the energy of the future? What do you think? How is energy transported? What is the difference between a wire and a pipeline? There are the principles of energetics. Can you explain them and comment them? Zeroth principle of energetics If two thermodynamic systems A and B are in thermal equilibrium, and B and C are also in thermal equilibrium, then A and C are in thermal equilibrium. First principle of energetics The increase in the internal energy of a system is equal to the amount of energy added to the system by heating, minus the amount lost in the form of work done by the system on its surroundings. Second principle of energetics The total entropy of any isolated thermodynamic system tends to increase over time, approaching a maximum value. Third principle of energetics As a system approaches absolute zero of temperature all processes cease and the entropy of the system approaches a minimum value or zero for the case of a perfect crystalline substance. Fourth principle of energetics In the field of ecological energetics H.T. Odum consideredmaximum power, the fourth principle of energetics. Odum also proposed the maximum empower principle as a corollary of the maximum power principle, and considered it to describe the propensities of evolutionary self-organization. Fifth principle of energetics The energy quality factor increases hierarchically. Flows of energy develop hierarchical webs in which inflowing energies interact and are transformed by work processes into energy forms of higher quality that feedback amplifier actions, helping to maximise the power of the system. Sixth principle of energetics Material cycles have hierarchical patterns measured by the energy/mass ratio that determines its zone and pulse frequency in the energy hierarchy. Task Each students makes up his/her own fraction or percent task and gives it to the others. Then the student explains the solution to the others.

  25. Energy industry - links • http://www.investopedia.com/terms/e/energy_sector.asp - definice pojmu • http://www.theguardian.com/business/energy-industry - energetický průmysl • http://www.economist.com/topics/energy-industry - zprávy, energetický průmysl • http://www.bloomberg.com/news/energy/ - vývoj celosvětové energetiky • http://www.dhs.gov/energy-sector - americký energetický plán • http://www.teitimes.com/ - vývoj celosvětových energií • http://www.alternative-energy-news.info/technology/industry-news/ - alternativní energie a jejich preference • http://www.europarl.europa.eu/committees/en/ITRE/home.html - EU a její postoj k energiím • http://www.forbes.com/energy/ - nové energie a trendy • http://www.cnbc.com/id/19836768 - energetické zprávy na CNBC • http://www.vlada.cz/en/clenove-vlady/premier/vyznamne-projevy/jan-fischer-energy-industry-is-one-of-the-principal-priorities-not-only-of-the-czech-presidency-58672/ - přístup vlády ČR k energiím • http://www.czech.cz/en/Business/Economic-facts/The-energy-industry - průmysl v ČR • http://www.reportlinker.com/ci01337/Electric-Power-Energy.html/coverage/Europe:Czech_Republic – analýza průmyslu ČR

  26. Optics – dictionary and phrases A absorbce - absorption astronomie – astronomy B barva – colour blikat – twinkle bod - point brýle - glasses C cestovat – travel Č čočka - lens Dduha - rainbow E elektromagnetický – electromagnetic F fata morgána – mirage fáze – phase fotoaparát - camera fotografie - photography foton – photon H hologram - hologram I infračervený – infrared intenzita - intensity interakce – interation K kmitání – oscillation kompaktní disk – compact disc konstrukce – construction L laser – laser lupa – magnifying glass M medicína – medicine mikroskop - microscope mikrovlna - microwave N narušení - interference nástroj – instrument nebe - sky neviditelný – invisible O obrácený - inverted odrážet se – reflect oftalmologie - ophtalmology ohnout – bend oko – eye optik - optician P paprsek – ray polarizace - polarization povrch – surface pozorovatel - viewer přímka – line přírodní - natural R radiace – radiation rádio - radio rentgen – X-ray rozkyv - amplitude rozsah - range rychlost - velocity S sítnice - retina smysl – sense spektrum - spectrum světlo – light světlý - bright T teleskop – telescope tmavý - dark U úhel - angle ultrafialový - ultraviolet V viditelný – visible virtuální - virtual vlna – wave vnímání – perception vzdálenost – distance vzor - pattern Z zakřivený – curved zaměření – focus zdroj – source zornice - pupil zrcadlo - mirror http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Optics

  27. Discusstion What are some key words of „optics“? What kinds of light do you know? What are some qualities of light? What is a ray? What are some devices using light, rays and reflection? What is a magnifying glass and what is/was it used for? What do you know about history of photography and photographical devices? What colours can be seen in a rainbow and how is it formed? What is reflection? Where can it be found? What is the difference between a mirror with flat or curved surface? What is „focus“ and what is it good for? What is the connection between optics and scanners and photocopiers? What are „contact lenses“? Who uses them and why? How do they help? What do you know about the inventor of contact lenses? Is the speed of light important in optics? Why? Why not? How is the speed of light measured? How is light used in the production of televisions? What is polarization and what kinds do you know? What is „lazer“? How is laser created? What is laser good for? What is produced with the help of laser? How is laser used in medicine and other sciences? Why did people invent holograms? What are some parts of the human eye? How does the human eye work? Who is an ophtalmologist? Why do people wear glasses? How do they help us? What kind of optical illusions have you seen in your life? What is perspective and how is it used? What is the difference between a microscope and a telescope? Can you exmplain these phenomena? a) Halo b) Afterglow c) Sunrise d) Sunset e) Rainbow in an oil spill

  28. Explain these terms ABSORPTION OF LIGHT ANGLE OF REFLECTION BINOCULARS CAMERA LENS CAMERA OBSCURA GLOSS HUMAN VISUAL SYSTEM LIGHT BULB PERISCOPE SHADOW Where and how are these rays and waves used? Gamma rays _______________________________________________ X-rays _______________________________________________ Ultraviolet _______________________________________________ Visible _______________________________________________ Infrared _______________________________________________ Microwave _______________________________________________ Radio _______________________________________________ Find the correct answer Light is composed of waves and particles called:A electronsB quarksC photons The visible spectrum of light from the longest to shortest wavelength is:A violet, indigo, blue, green, yellow, orange, redB infrared, ultraviolet, gamma, X-rays, microwavesC red, orange, yellow, green, blue, indigo, violet The speed of light in a vacuum is:A 300 000 km/sB 300 000 m/sC 1 000 000 m/s The bending of light as it travels from one medium to another is:A reflectionB imagingC refraction A transparent object with flat surfaces that is used to separate the visible light spectrum into its different colours is called a:A laserB prismC lens An object under white light which reflects green light and absorbs the other six colours of the spectrum will appear the colour of:Amostly red-orangeBblue-purple C green 1c 2c 3a 4c 5b 6c

  29. Optics - links • http://optics.org/ - optika • http://www.opticsinfobase.org/oe/home.cfm - časopis o optice • http://www.optics4kids.org/ - věda a optika pro děti • http://www.atoptics.co.uk/ - atmosféra vs. optika • http://optics.synopsys.com/learn/learn-optics-kids.html - optika pro děti • http://spie.org/optics-photonics.xml - informace o optice a jejich odvětvích • http://www.osa-opn.org/home/ - novinky ze světa optiky • http://www.sciencedaily.com/news/matter_energy/nature_of_light/ - informace z vědy a techniky • http://www.optics4kids.org/home/illusions/ - optické iluze • http://www.sciencekids.co.nz/sciencefacts/light.html - fakta o světle • http://www.neok12.com/Light-Optics.htm - videa - optika • http://www.phy.ntnu.edu.tw/demolab/html.php?html=kidoptics/kidoptx - optika, rozcestník • http://a2zhomeschooling.com/explore/physics_kids/color_light_optics_kids/ - optika pro děti, lekce a odkazy • http://spaceplace.nasa.gov/laser/ - co je to laser? • http://ffden-2.phys.uaf.edu/212_fall2003.web.dir/James_Becwar/uses/ - využití laseru

  30. Motion – dictionary and phrases A aplikovat – apply atom – atom B buňka - cell Č čas - time D dimenze - dimension dokázat – prove dopředu-dozadu – back and forth dráha - track E existence – existence G galaxie - galaxy H hybnost – momentum J jednoduchý - simple K klid – rest klika – crank kliková hřídel - crankshaft konstantní – constant kroutivá síla - torque kruhový – circular křivka - curve kyvadlo - pendulum kulovitý – spherical L lokomotiva - locomotive M magnetické pole – magnetic field mechanika – mechanics molekula - molecule N náhodný - random napětí – friction nehybný – stationary nepostřehnutelný - imperceptible netečnost – inertia O odsunutí - displacement opačný – opposite osa - axis P pára - steam pevný – solid pila - saw pohyb – movement posuvný - sliding pravidelný - periodic pravidlo – rule projektil - projectile prostor – space prostorový – spatial pružina - spring pružný - elastic předmět – object pumpa - pump R reakce - reaction relativita – relativity rovný – equal rozšiřování - diffusion rychlost - speed S síla – force směr – direction srazit se - collide světlo – light T tekutina - fluid teorie – theory V vakuum – vacuum Z zpátečnický - retrograde zpětný - reciprocating zrychlení - acceleration zůstat - remain http://scienceforkids.kidipede.com/physics/movement/newtonlaw2.htm http://www.syvum.com/squizzes/physics/ http://www.sharemylesson.com/high-school-physics-teaching-resources/ http://www.lessonplanet.com/lesson-plans/physics

  31. Can you comment these 3 Newton´s laws of motion? What do they mean? An object in motion tends to remain in motion and an object at rest tends to remain at rest. Force equals mass times acceleration. For every action there is an equal and opposite reaction. What do you know about the motion of these objects? STARS _________________________________________________ SPACECRAFT _________________________________________________ GALAXY _________________________________________________ PROJECTILE _________________________________________________ CAR _________________________________________________ ARROW _________________________________________________ LIGHT _________________________________________________ SOUND _________________________________________________ • Discussion • What is quantum mechanics?What does it deal with? • What do you know about the motion of molecules, atoms, protons and other particles? • Can you comment these imperceptible motions? • a) Universe • b) Sun • c) Earth • d) Continents • e) Our body • f) Cells • What is a pendulum? How does it work? • What does a spring look like? When and how is it used? • Which machines use reciprocating motion? • What kind of motion can be found in an engine? • What do you know about the „Brownian motion“? Where can it be found? • Can you name any fun-fair attractions and describe their motion? • Why do planets rotate? • What would happen if the Earth stopped rotating? • Can you name any sports using rotation for achieving better performance? • What is the difference between rolling and rotating? • Where can we find examples of rolling?

  32. Choose whether the following statements are true or false Everything in the universe moves. The Sun is moving around our galaxy. There are four Newton´s laws of motion. Changes in motion won't just happen on their own. Acceleration is a measure of how much the velocity of an object changes in 5 minutes. Mass is the amount of something and is measured in grams (or kilograms). Potential energy is observed when an object is in motion. If you do not apply a force to an object in motion, it will forever stay in motion. Friction can be eliminated with modern materials. Gravity is increased when you increase distance. 1T 2T 3F 4T 5F 6T 7F 8T 9F 10F Devide the following movements according to Newton´s laws of motion Can you describe each movement? PULLING A ROPE SKATING WATERFALL THROWING A BALL PUSHING A SHOPPING CART HAMMER HITTING A NAIL SNOWBOARNING MOVING OF A TRAIN SWINGING BASEBALL PLAYING PUSHING A HEAVY BOX ON A RAMP JOGGING CAR CRASH DRIVING First law: pulling a rope, skating, snowboarning, moving of a train, jogging,car crash Second law: waterfall, throwing a ball, swinging, baseball playing, driving Third law: pushing a shopping cart, hammer hitting a nail, pushing a heavy box on a ramp How important is motion in our lives? Why do we need to understand it? Do you think that future scientists will find new facts about motion and its types?

  33. Motion - links • http://www.mathsisfun.com/geometry/ - vysvětlení geometrie pro

  34. Equations- dictionary and phrases A algoritmus - algorithm analogie - analogy B bilance - balance binární – binary bod – point C celočíslo – integer Č čtvrtá odmocnina – fourth foot D derivate - derivation dimenze – dimension disekce - dissection doména – domain dotýkat se - touch druhá odnocnina – square root E ekvivalentní – equivalent extrapolace – extrapolation G graf - graph H hodnota – value J jednorozměrný - univariate K koeficient – coefficient konečný - finite konstanta - constant kruh – circle L levá strana – right side linka – line M matice - matrix N nekonečný - infinite nerovnost - inequality neznámá – unknown O omezený – limited operátor - operator P pravá strana – right side prohlášení - statement proměnná – variable protnout – cross průsečík - intercept předpokládat – assume přepsat – rewrite přesnost - accuracy přidat - add R racionální číslo – rational number relace – relation rovina - plane rovnoběžný – parallel rovnost – equality rozhodnutí - decision Ř řešení – solution S skalár - scalar sklon - slope souřadnice – coordinates soustava – system of equations společný – common strana - side T třetí odmocina – cube root tvrzení – proposition U unikátní - unique V vektor – vector vlastnosti - properties výraz – expression vzniknout - arise vzorec – formula vztah - relation Z zápis - notation

  35. Discussion What is the equation good for? Can you mention some typical everyday situations when equation could be used? Are there many types of equations? Why are there letters used in equations? Is it difficult to make children understand equations? Do you think your maths books are good at explaining things to children or would you like to have another books or change something in them? • Can you read and solve these equations? • x + 2 = 17 – 4x _______________________________________________ • 6 + 10n – 4n = n + 1 _______________________________________________ • 10 – 8x = -2x + 4x _______________________________________________ • -7p – 10 = -8p – 4p _______________________________________________ • | 3+k | = 8 _______________________________________________ • | k – 5 | = 0 _______________________________________________ • | 1 + v | = 4 _______________________________________________ • | t + 5 | = 6 _______________________________________________ • 15 – w = 22 _______________________________________________ • 6 • 30 = 10 + 4m _______________________________________________ • 3 Can you find the correct answer? What is a proportion? Are equations used for counting proportions? What is the difference between the square equation and quadratic equation? What kind of curves do you know? What are they good for? What are parentheses? What is the function of zero in equations? Are there any famous equations you can mention and explain a bit? a) ________________________________________________________ b) ________________________________________________________ c) ________________________________________________________ d) ________________________________________________________

  36. 38 • 22 • 3,16 • 46 • Can you solve these mathematical problems? • Gabriela sold half of her comic books and then bought 15 more. Now she has 34. With how many did she begin? • Jack won 71 lollipops playing basketball. At school he gave 3 lollipops to each student in his maths class. Now he has 5 remaining lollipops. How many students are there in his class? • Jane bought a magazine for 5.76$ and 3 erasers. She spent a total of 12.24$. How much did each eraser cost? • For a trip 17 students rode in cars and the rest filled 6 buses. How many students were in each bus when 293 students were on the trip? http://www.shutterstock.com/pic-109847255/stock-photo-portrait-of-female-college-student-using-marker-to-write-math-formula-on-the-whiteboard.html?src=CIIpMBId6wmyDqVUKz3wTw-1-70 What can you see in the image? Can you explain the use of each equation? Which of these images are not equations? Why? Which of the equations is the most difficult for the children to understand? Can you comment these words, use them in a sentence and explain them? POINT LINE SQUARE ROOT EQUAL VALUE GRAPH DIMENSION VECTOR SOLUTION FORMULA UNKNOWN COEFFICIENT FINITE INFINITE CUBE ROOT RATIONAL NUMBER IRRATIONAL NUMBER PLANE MATRIX SIDE FRACTION

  37. Equations - links • http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Equation - základní informace o rovnicích a druzích rovnic • http://www.mathsisfun.com/algebra/equation-formula.html - vysvětlení rovnic pro děti • http://www.aaamath.com/equ.htm - úvod do rovnic, příklady a vysvětlení • http://www.purplemath.com/modules/solveabs.htm - řešení rovnic - video • http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Bqn8p3f7p1Y – úvod do rovnic, video pro děti • http://algebra4children.com/examples_simultaneous_equation_substitution.html - pracovní sešity a aktivity pro děti • http://www.mathworksheets4kids.com/equations/one-step.html - pracovní aktivity pro děti – rovnice • http://www.algebra4children.com/printables.html - procvičení rovnic, různá obtížnost • http://www.superteacherworksheets.com/equations.html - velký rozcestník matematických materiálů • http://www.files.chem.vt.edu/RVGS/ACT/notes/Types_of_Equations.html - zajímavá fakta o rovnicích • http://www.businessinsider.com/the-17-equations-that-changed-the-world-2012-7?op=1 – 17 nejdůležitějších rovnic

  38. Famous mathematicians - dictionary and phrases A analytický – analytical Č černá díra – black hole D definice – definition diferenciální geometrie – differential geometry doměnka – conjecture dvourozměrný – 2-dimensional dymanika - dynamics důkaz – proof E ekonomika – economics etika - ethics G geodezie – geodesy geofyzika - geophysics graf - graph K kalkulačka – calculator kartografie - cartography klíčová postava – key figure klíčový - pivotal kontinuita - continuity L logaritmus - logarithm M mechanika – mechanics metafyzika - metaphysics N nebeský - celestial O obrana – defense optika - optics osoba – person P platnost - validity pohyb – motion pochyba – doubt povrch - surface pravděpodobnost - probability princip – principle předmět - subject příspěvek - contribution publikovat – publish R racionalismus - rationalism realizace - implementation rychlost zvuku – speed of sound S sloupec - column spisovatel – writer statistika - statistics T teorie – theory trojrozměrný – 3-dimensional tvrzení - statement V vědec – scientist vynálezce - intentor Z základy – foundation zakřivení - curvature zákon – law zhoršení - deterioration

  39. ISAAC NEWTON When did he live? What was he interested in? What did he found and invent? What are his „law of motion“? He invented one of the first telescopes. What is a telescope good for? Newton was interested in gravitation. What is it and how does it affect us? http://www.shutterstock.com/pic-81842386/stock-photo-isaac-newton-engraved-by-freeman-and-published-in-lives-of-eminent-and-illustrious.html?src=O_jb6gmC5L0WJ38Gaxw8YQ-1-0 http://www.shutterstock.com/pic-81844348/stock-photo-blaise-pascal-engraved-by-h-meyer-and-published-in-the-gallery-of-portraits-with.html?src=rvJvqxkBUVPXXZ-fcwkBEw-1-0 http://www.shutterstock.com/cat.mhtml?lang=cs&search_source=search_form&search_tracking_id=rvJvqxkBUVPXXZ-fcwkBEw&version=llv1&anyorall=all&safesearch=1&searchterm=euler&search_group=&orient=&search_cat=&searchtermx=&photographer_name=&people_gender=&people_age=&people_ethnicity=&people_number=&commercial_ok=&color=&show_color_wheel=1#id=81843400&src=xhtLWRXn_mXqcSfM9nRnKQ-1-0 BLAISE PASCAL When did he live? Where did he live? What was he interested in? He was interested in fluids? Why is it important to understand the qualities of fluids? He invented the first calculator. What can you say about calculators in general and what do you know about their history? He combined mathematics and philosophy. How is maths and philosophy connected? LEONHARD EULER When did he live? Where did he live? He invented the graph theory. What are the graphs good for in our lives. Where can we see them and do you personally use them? He was interested in cartography. What is it? Why is it useful? Euler spent his live in Russia and Germany. Which were some other countries and places where mathematicians and philosophers lived and studied? Euler was interested in general analysis. What in maths can be analysed and why do we need to analyse things?

  40. http://www.shutterstock.com/pic-88369741/stock-photo-carl-gauss-picture-from-meyers-lexicon-books-written-in-german-language-collection-of-volumes.html?src=1s8skTYG9Ok4esD0oVdhuQ-1-0http://www.shutterstock.com/pic-88369741/stock-photo-carl-gauss-picture-from-meyers-lexicon-books-written-in-german-language-collection-of-volumes.html?src=1s8skTYG9Ok4esD0oVdhuQ-1-0 http://www.shutterstock.com/pic-88588870/stock-photo-gottfried-leibniz-picture-from-meyers-lexicon-books-written-in-german-language-collection-of.html?src=R50erfLeGRC0bapQj4vc0A-1-0 http://www.shutterstock.com/pic-81841195/stock-photo-pierre-simon-laplace-engraved-by-j-pofselwhite-and-published-in-the-gallery-of.html?src=TkmUX_fceVUanYcnVrmUVQ-1-0 CARL GAUSS Do you know him? What do you know about him? He was interested in geophysics and geodesy, what are they about? A few things and places were named after Gauss. Can you think of any of them? He was fond of differencial geometry? What is it used for? Do you understand it? GOTTFRIEND WILHELM LEIBNIZ Who was he? What has his field of interest? He wrote the „Law of continuity“. What is it? He added multiplication and division to Pascals calculator – why did the people need these functions? What for and in which areas was the calculator used? He was one of those who invented the binary number system – where is it used and why was this invention important? PIERRE SIMON LAPLACE Do you know this matematician? He was an astronomer and one of the first ones to mention „black holes“. What is it? How is it formed? What do people think about them? And do they really exist? He was also interested into the speed of sound. Why is it important to understand it? When and for what is it used? What do you think that all the matematicians thought about religion and God? What did they believe in and what do you think that people thought about them? Was the life of a matematician a hard life?

  41. Famous matematicians - links • http://fabpedigree.com/james/mathmen.htm - 30 největších matematiků • http://www.kidsmathgamesonline.com/facts/famousmathematicians.html - známí matematikové • http://listverse.com/2010/12/07/top-10-greatest-mathematicians/ - 10 nejznámějších matematiků včetně moderních • http://www.gradeamathhelp.com/famous-math-people.html - matematici a jejich vynálezy a názory • http://www.biography.com/people/groups/academics/mathematicians - seznam matematiků a rozcestník na jejich stránky • http://www.agnesscott.edu/lriddle/women/alpha.htm - ženy v matematice a informace o nich • http://www.kidsmathgamesonline.com/pictures/mathematicians.html - obrázky známých matematiků • http://www.buzzle.com/articles/famous-mathematicians.html - matematici dle národnosti • http://www.dmoz.org/Kids_and_Teens/School_Time/Math/Mathematicians/ - matematický rozcestník, kvízy a testy • http://www.funtrivia.com/trivia-quiz/People/Famous-Mathematicians-114462.html - kvíz (matematici) • http://www.quia.com/quiz/104806.html - kvíz pro děti

  42. Graphs and charts - dictionary and phrases A aplikace – application B bublina - bubble Č časová osa - timeline číselný – numerical D dílek (koláče) - slice dílkování – graduation duální - dual G grafický – graphical H hodnota - value horizontální – horizontal J jev - phenomenon K kapacita - capacity konec – end konektivita - connectivitiy koncový bod – end point křivka - curve kvalitativní – qualitative M mřížka – grid N nepravidelný - irregular O obdélník – rectangle okraj - edge osa - axis P podskupina - subset popisek - legend porozumění - understanding poskytnout – provide pravidelný - regular procento – percentage proud - streem R radar - radar rodokmen – pedigree Ř řád – order S sdílet – share síť - network smyčka – loop sousedící - adjacent specifický – specific spojený – connected spojit - join struktura – structure stupeň - degree symbol – symbol Š šipka - arrow T tečka – dot teplota - temperature U účel - purpose údaje – data úrok – interest rate V velikost - size vertikální – vertical vrcholek – vertex všeobecný - universal výskyt - incidence význam – meaning vztah - relationship Z zobrazení - representation

  43. Discussion What is a graph? What is it good use for? What kind of graphs do you know? What kind of information can I find in a graf? Look at the image below and try to quess what is each graph used for, how do you understand these graphs and which ones to do find easy to understand and which ones do you think are quite complicted. http://www.shutterstock.com/pic-94869925/stock-vector-detail-infographic-vector-illustration-world-map-and-information-graphics.html?src=P_iDAT56t4FEnKwqXmRQoQ-1-6 ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

  44. Can you answer these questions? • Can you draw an example of a.........? • HISTOGRAM BAR CHART PIE CHART LINE CHART • Can you explain directed graphs? • Can you explain indirected graphs? • What is a mixed graph? • 32 children voted for their favourite ice-cream flavour. How many children voted for chocolate? • a) draw the graph and find out the correct answer • b) ¼ vanilla, 1/8 strawberry, ¼ lemon, 3/8 chocolate • A class of 30 voted for their favourite actor who played James Bond. • How many voted for Sean Connery? • How many did not vote for George Lazenby? • How many more children voted for Pierce Brosnan than Roger Moore? • How many children all together voted for Sean Connery and Roger Moore? • WHEN 2/5 voted for Pierce Brosnan, 1/10 for Timothy Dalton, 1/5 Roger Moore, 1/5 Sean Connery, 1/10 George Lazenby • Draw the graph and answer the questions. • Which type of graph would you choose for showing how the price of gasoline changes each month over a year? • Which type of graph would you choose for showing the attendence in your class? • What is the name of the graph that uses pictures and symbols to show data?

  45. Graphs and charts - links • http://math.pppst.com/graphs.html - grafy pro děti a učitele • http://nces.ed.gov/nceskids/createagraph/ - vytvoř si vlastní graf • http://mathworld.wolfram.com/Graph.html - grafy, matematický rozcestník • http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=HmQR8Xy9DeM – druhy grafů, video • http://www.amathsdictionaryforkids.com/mathsCharts.html - statistika a grafy pro děti (moc hezké) • http://www.bbc.co.uk/bitesize/standard/maths_i/relationships/data_graphs/revision/1/ - typy grafů • http://www.turtlediary.com/kids-games/math-topics/graphs-games.html - matematické hry pro školní děti • http://www.readingrockets.org/article/43814/ - jak stvořit graf • http://homeschooling.about.com/od/chartsandgraphs/Understanding_Charts_and_Graphs.htm - jak učit děti grafy • http://library.thinkquest.org/20991/alg2/graphs.html - složitější matemetické grafy a funkce • http://www.khanacademy.org/math/trigonometry/functions_and_graphs/function_introduction/v/functions-as-graphs - video - matematické funkce • http://www.cliffsnotes.com/math/statistics/graphic-displays/quiz-pie-chart - matematické kvízy

  46. Maths around us - dictionary and phrases B bankovka - banknote C cesta – journey Č čas - time D délka – length den - day drahý - expensive drobné change H hodinky - watch hodiny – clock hra – game hrát – play K kalendář - calendar kilogram – kilogramme koupit - buy L lék - medicine levný – cheap litr - litre M měsíc - month množství – amount N nejmenší – the smallest největší – the biggest P peníze – money pilulka – pill platit - pay počasí – weather podobný - similar poplatek – fee, charge poražený – loser prodat sell přidat – add R roční období - season rychlost - speed S skóre – score směnárna – exchange office směnný kurz – exchange rate sport – sport statistika – statistics stejný – the same stupeň – degree symetrie – symmetry T týden - week V váha – scales (přístroj) váha – weight (člověka) vážit - weigh vítěz – winner výlet - trip výsledek – result vzdálenost – distance Jak dlouho to trvá? How long does it take? Kdo vyhrál? Who won? Kolik je hodin? What´s the time? Je pozdě. It´s late. Je brzy. It´s (too) soon. Má moc práce. He´s busy. Kolik to stojí? How much is it? Máte drobné? Do you have change? Kolik vám dlužím? How much do I owe you? Je to drahé. It´s expensive. Je to levné. It´s cheap. Kde je směnárna? Where is the exchange office? Máte eura? Do you have euros? Kolik je poplatek? How much is the free/charge? Kolik chcete kil? How many kilos do you want? Kolik stojí kilo? How much is one kilo? Kolik vody mám přidat? How much water shall I add? Kolik to váží? How much does it weigh? Kolik si toho mám vzít? How much shall I take? Jak často si to mámn brát? How often shall I take it? Jaké je počasí? What is the weather like? Jak rychle jedete? How fast do you go? Jak často jezdíte? How often do you know?

  47. SPORTS Can you name any individual sports? Can you name any team sports? Can you name any sports where the team has only 2 members? Can you name any sports in which the sportsmen need to score? Can you name any sports where time is very important? Can you name any sports with subjective evaluation? Which sport and system of evaluation is your favourite? TRAVELLING What does it mean to come late? What can you do not to come late? What is a delay? What means of transport do you know and which one is the most reliable? What can go wrong when it comes to different kinds of transport? Can you compare prices of various means of transport? What are emissions? What do they consist of? What can you use maths for during your holiday? TIME Why do people need to learn to tell the time? What would happen if people didn´t have any watches? Do you think that our lives are faster than they used to be? Why? Why does 5min sometimes seem so long and sometimes so short? Do you always come on time? How do you feel when you are late? What do you think about people who come late? What is a timetable? What is a schedule? Do you carefully plan your days? SHOPPING Do you like shopping? How often do you go shopping? How much do you usually spend? Is living in the Czech Republic getting more and more expensive? Why? Can you buy everything you want? Do you think some people buy more than they need? Should we plan our shopping? How should we plan our budget? skóre plán výletu čas nakupování sports – bowling atd směnárna vaření when we are sick kalendář počasí jízda dopr pr v přírodě peníze symetrie statistika opakovanost

  48. EXCHANGE OFFICE When do go to the exchange office? What currencies can I get there? What is an exchange rate? What can you say about the changing exchange rate between EURO and THE CZECH CROWN? What is a „fee“? Why is it paid? COOKING Do we need maths in the kitchen? When? What gadgets help us with measuring in the kitchen? Why do I need to know exact numbers in the kitchen? MEDICINE What would happen if people didn´t use maths when it comes to mediation? What forms of medication do you know? What is a „dose“? What does it mean to overdose someone? Do you remember any case when someone overdosed other people on purpose? CALENDAR What is a calendar? What is it good for? Is there only one kind of calendar in the world? What kinds of calendar do you know? Which month and season are your favourite any why? REPETITION Is there anything that you do EVERY day? What do you do only ONCE a week? How OFTEN do you go on holiday? What would you NEVER do and why? Have you EVER tried any adrenalin sport? Is there any food that you have ALWAYS wanted to try? How OFTEN do you cook? How many times have you moved in your life? How many times have you been abroad? How many times have you tasted something really discusting? Have you EVER seen any accident? Have you EVER been to a bank abroad?

  49. Maths around us - links • http://www.slideshare.net/kpunu2076/maths-in-daily-life - matematika v našem životě – prezentace • http://pinterest.com/karenpinto/math-all-around-us/ - matematika okolo nás – obrázky a vysvětlení • http://www.missmaggie.org/scholastic/roundtheworld_eng_launcher.html - hra - kolem světa za 80sekund • http://mrnussbaum.com/aroundtheworld/ - online matematická hra • http://www.creativetallis.com/how-maths-is-taught-across-the-world.html - přístup k výuce matematiky ve světě • http://asiasociety.org/education/resources-schools/professional-learning/understanding-world-through-math - matematika vs. svět kolem nás • http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=AYIQYZuQNMw – videa – matematika a my • http://www.educationworld.com/a_curr/archives/math.shtml - finanční povědomí • http://www.slideshare.net/mrsd8/math-is-all-around-us-8728078 - prezentace - matematiky kolem nás • http://www.powershow.com/view1/1583e2-MmFlY/Math_is_All_Around_Us_powerpoint_ppt_presentation - prezentace - nejen matematické • https://sites.google.com/site/merit0910annettejuanita/activities - praktické matematické aktivity ve třídě

  50. Final revision, conversation, practical use of mathematics, game and quizes – dictionary A absolutní - absolute Č čas - time číselný obor – numeric field D definice – definition dělit - divide důkaz – proof F frekvence - frequency H hodnota – field J jmenovatel - denominator K koeficient - coefficient kombinace - combination konjunkce – conjunction konstatní – constant korelace - corellation kvadratický - quadratic L levý - left lineární – linear linka – line M místo - place N náhodný - random negace – negation nereálný - unreal nezávislost - independency O operace – operation opečení - rotation P permutace – permutation počítání - counting podmínka - condition poměr - ratio posunutí – displacement pravděpodobnost - probability pravý - right proměnná – variable prostor – space R reálný - real relativní - relative rovina - plane rovnice – equation rovný – straight rozšíření – explansion Ř řešení - solution řešit - solve T teorie – theory transformace - transformation U úhel - angle úsečka - bar V vektor - vector vlastnost - property výraz - expression výrok - statement vztah - relationship Z základní – basic závislost – dependency zlomek - fraction znalost - knowledge

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