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Using Public Participation Geographic Information Systems to Identify Watershed Services

Using Public Participation Geographic Information Systems to Identify Watershed Services. Cody Cox Wayde Morse, Christopher Anderson, and Luke Marzen Auburn University. Background. Shift in natural resource management philosophy from expert driven to collaborative approach

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Using Public Participation Geographic Information Systems to Identify Watershed Services

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  1. Using Public Participation Geographic Information Systems to Identify Watershed Services Cody Cox Wayde Morse, Christopher Anderson, and Luke Marzen Auburn University

  2. Background • Shift in natural resource management philosophy from expert driven to collaborative approach • Need for research on participatory decision making • Need to capture and incorporate spatial data on stakeholder management preferences for comparison with other spatial data

  3. Introduction to PPGIS • Public Participation Geographic Information Systems (PPGIS) • Developed in 1996 • Captures local values, knowledge, and preferences • Used to spatially identify important places for stakeholders

  4. Project Objectives • Determine whether a representative sample of the general public can spatially conceptualize and identify places of ecosystem service provisioning for specific services • Assess the spatial accuracy of these PPGIS results to understand how this information can be used to inform decision making • Identify threats to places of ecosystem service provisioning from water pollution

  5. Study Area • Mobile Bay, AL (Baldwin and Mobile counties) • 4,600 square miles • Mixed urban and rural landscape • Variety of terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems Citronelle Bay Minette Mobile Co. Mobile Baldwin Co. Fairhope Bayou La Batre Mobile Bay Orange Beach Dauphin Island Gulf Shores

  6. Survey Methodology • Dillman method: • Pre-notice letter • Survey packet • Reminder postcard • Reminder letter • 988 survey packets sent to randomly selected residents • 274 received (27.7% response rate)

  7. Questionnaire 6 parts • Bay knowledge and length of residence • Participation in outdoor recreation activities • Opinions on a range of wildlife, water, and development issues • Satisfaction with a range of regional characteristics • A PPGIS mapping activity • Demographic information

  8. PPGIS Implementation • Participants used color-coded 0.25 inch stickers to identify places on a map of the study area that they think are important for a range of natural resource management topics, including places that provide watershed services

  9. Mapping Components

  10. PPGIS Mapping Exercise • Example completed map • 87 possible points • 24 x 36 in. • True color aerial imagery • Scale: 1:150,000

  11. PPGIS Mapping Results • Results from 242 respondents (88% of survey respondents) • 11,391 points • Mean: 47.07 points per respondent

  12. Ecosystem Service Choice Rationale • Ecosystem services are any benefits that humans derive from ecosystems • Services provided by watersheds • General enough to be understood by public • Spatially explicit • Provided by large portions of study area • Regularly impact residents of the Mobile Bay region

  13. Watershed Services Image courtesy of NOAA Storm Protection Water Quality Protection Fish Nursery Flood Protection

  14. Watershed Service Results

  15. Kernel Density Analysis: Fish Nursery

  16. Kernel Density Analysis:Storm Protection

  17. Kernel Density Analysis:Flood Protection

  18. Kernel Density Analysis:Water Quality Protection

  19. Accuracy Assessment:Fish Nursery

  20. Accuracy Assessment:Storm Protection

  21. Accuracy Assessment:Flood Protection

  22. Accuracy Assessment:Water Quality Protection

  23. Water Pollution 664 points identified Hotspot area: 80.98 mi2

  24. Water Pollution Perceptions • PPGIS hotspots located around listed polluted streams • Except for Dog River, which should be further investigated by managers

  25. Water Pollution Threats Area of overlap: 1.54 mi2 Area of overlap: 1.54 mi2

  26. Management Implications • PPGIS is a useful tool for natural resource management • Highlights places with strong stakeholder support for protection • Helps identify knowledge gaps for outreach education efforts • PPGIS should be used in conjunction with other data to create a more well-rounded decision; it does not replace them • Data from this study are being used by the Mobile Bay National Estuary Program

  27. Acknowledgements • Funding for this project was generously provided by • Mobile Bay National Estuary Program • U.S. Forest Service

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