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Emotional and Social Development

Adolescence. Emotional and Social Development. “Storm and Stress”. Stanley Hall’s publication Inevitable turmoil, maladjustment, tension, rebellion, dependency conflicts and exaggerated peer-group conformity Adolescents once thought of a “troubled waters” to adulthood.

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Emotional and Social Development

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  1. Adolescence Emotional and Social Development

  2. “Storm and Stress” • Stanley Hall’s publication • Inevitable turmoil, maladjustment, tension, rebellion, dependency conflicts and exaggerated peer-group conformity • Adolescents once thought of a “troubled waters” to adulthood

  3. Sullivan’s Interpersonal Theory • Positive peer relationships essential for healthy development • Negative peer pressure leads to unhealthy development (depression, eating disorders, drug abuse, criminal activity) • Three periods of adolescence • Preadolescence: 10-14, same-sex relationships “Best Friends) • Early adolescence: personal security, intimacy, and sexual identity • Late adolescence: personal intimacy and relationship

  4. Erikson’s Identity vs. Identity Confusion • Develop and clarify their identity • Identity – comfortable w/ self, knowing where going, recognize significant of others • Search for identity important because of rapid physical changes while confronting adult tasks and decisions • Ambiguity & lack of stable anchorage can lead to over commit to cliques or gangs, allegiance, loves, and social causes. • Can be clannish, intolerant, and cruel in exclusion of others who are different in skin, cultural, looks, abilities, talents

  5. Erikson Continue • Four types of identity formation • Identity diffusion • Few commitments to anyone or to a set of beliefs • Identity foreclosure • Accepts’ someone else's values, and goals, without exploring alternative roles • Identity moratorium • Experiment with/try various roles, ideologies, and commitments • Identity achievement • Achieves inner stability that corresponds to what achieves inner stability that corresponds to what others perceive that person to be

  6. “Puberty Rites” “Rights of Passage” • Initiation ceremonies that symbolize a clearer transition from childhood to adulthood • Bar to bat mitzvah • Drivers licenses • Voting • Quinceeanera • Sweet 16

  7. Self-Image and Adolescence • Self-image degree of Success hinges on: • Academic competence • Acceptance by peers • Skills in athletics • Physical appearance • Success in holding a part-time job • Romantic appeal • Behavior conduct • Whether or not has a close friend

  8. Identity Formation in Girls • Past girls felt confident and assertive in elementary school and by junior high had poorer self image • Today more girls earning higher honors and performing better in school than boys • High self-esteem linked to our decision making • Parents treat with double standard • Physical appearance key in choosing peer group • Girls sensitive, connect, and interdependent on others • American culture destroying identity of girls because on media and female celebrities

  9. Identity Formation in Boys • Hormone difference regulate way males operate • Increase impulsive behavior • Boys brain needs to renew, recharge, and reorient so have trouble in lecture style • Need relationship with fathers or mentors • Feel better about themselves by being independent, separated, and competitive

  10. Generation Gap • Baby Boomers – born 1946-1964, extra time and did activities • Generation X – 1965-1980, “me” generation • Millennials – early 1980’s to 2010 • Altruistic values • Greater social responsibility • Improving environment • Strong work ethic • Safer sex and conservative values • Less structured life and time to themselves

  11. Masculinity vs. Femininity • Masculinity in boys • Physical mastery • Athletic skills • Sexual prowess • Risk taking • Courage • Defend honor • Femininity in girls • Physical attractiveness • Behaving properly • Obeying rules • Delicately manipulate interpersonal relationships • Control over sexual encounters

  12. Peers • Cliques in JH • Group membership drops in HS • More girls stand p to peers than boys • Teen girls more independent than boys • “crowds” still in HS • Social Networking • Facebook, MySpace • Develop own personal identity • Can be harmful • Posting too much personal information • Cyberbully, cyber threats

  13. Adolescents and Families • Decline on parental closeness, time spent w/ parents, decision making help • Moms interact in peer relationships • Dad’s interact in school and sports • Conflicts over • Behavior, negative character, home/school performance, curfew • Parental monitoring decreases delinquency, substance use, aggression • Parental help with finances, education, and career planning • Time w/ parents is shopping, TV, and chores

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