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Blood Pressure Regulation- Background info

Blood Pressure Regulation- Background info. Water will go where there are high concentrations of Salt Increase in water = increase in volume Increase in volume = increase in pressure. Blood Pressure regulation. 1) If Low Blood Pressure (BP) Juxtaglomerular Apparatus secretes renin.

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Blood Pressure Regulation- Background info

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  1. Blood Pressure Regulation- Background info • Water will go where there are high concentrations of Salt • Increase in water = increase in volume • Increase in volume = increase in pressure

  2. Blood Pressure regulation • 1) If Low Blood Pressure (BP) • Juxtaglomerular Apparatus secretes renin

  3. Blood Pressure regulation • 1) If Low Blood Pressure (BP) Aldosterone • Renin is an enzyme that changes angiotensinogen into Angiotensin I • Angiotensin I is then converted into Angiotensin II • Angiotensin II stimulates the adrenal cortex to release aldosterone

  4. Blood Pressure regulation • 1) If Low Blood Pressure (BP) • Aldosterone promotes the excretion of K+ and the reabsorption of Na+ • The reabsorption of Na+ is followed by the reabsorption of H2O • Blood volume and blood pressure increase

  5. 16.3 Regulatory Functions of the Kidneys • 2) If High Blood Pressure (BP) Atrial naturietic hormone (ANH) • Another hormone regulating sodium • Secreted by right atrium of heart in response to stretching • Indicates increased blood volume • Inhibits renin secretion by juxtaglomerular apparatus • Inhibits aldosterone release • Promotes sodium excretion - natriuresis

  6. Juxtaglomerular Apparatus

  7. 16.3 Regulatory Functions of the Kidneys -3) Permeability of collecting duct is under hormonal control • Antidiuretic hormone (ADH) • `is released by the posterior pituitary gland (made by the hypothalamus) to regulate BP • In the presence of ADH, the collecting duct become more permeable to water • Water will leave the kidney and enter blood (↑BP) and a concentrated urine is produced • In the absence of ADH, the collecting duct become less permeable to water • Water will not leave the kidney and a dilute urine is produced

  8. 16.3 Regulatory Functions of the Kidneys • Diuretics • Increase flow of urine • Alcohol • Shuts off ADH (antidiuretic hormone) causing larger urine volumes • Dehydration causes hangover • Caffeine • Increases glomerular filtration rate • Decreases tubular reabsorption of sodium • Diuretic drugs • Many inhibit active transport of sodium at loop of the nephron

  9. Summary • Know the background info • Know the mechanisms of the 3 hormones that regulate blood pressure

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