Chapter 2 Section 2

1. Chapter 2 Section 2 Shaping The Industrial World

2. Emergence of Europe • Advances in technology • During the Renaissance 1350-1600, Europeans rediscovered the learning of ancient civilization. • Magnetic compass (invented in China) Europeans improved • Gunpowder from China • Muskets • Cannons

3. Money Economy • Away from barter economy (people exchanged one set of goods for another) • Instead they used money. • New money economy allowed some people to store up capital, or money that can be invested in business ventures for the purpose of making a profit.

4. The Industrial Revolution • Mid-1700s, 2 changes in Europe • Agriculture • New plants from Americas • Improved farming and machines • Food production • new farming methods • Less work for people

5. Effects of Industrialization • Urbanization- growth of cities • Crowded cities, poor working conditions, hardships, poverty • In Europe and the USA, inventors developed better means of transportation (ie. railroads and steamships, and devised new methods of mining).

6. Imperialism • Period from 1870-1914 • The control of one country of the political, economic, or cultural life of another country or region.

7. Westernization • Adoption of western culture. • Europeans tried to persuade or force people in other lands to: • become Christians, • use western forms of government and law, • adopt western food, clothing and customs.

8. Nationalism • Pride in and loyalty to one’s country. • 1800’s, nationalist feeling helped both the Italians and Germans to form strong nations out of many small states.

9. Cold War • After WWI, Cold War shaped the international scene. • Political and economic struggle between the democratic nations of the West (USA) and Communist bloc (Soviet).