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Chapter 9 Section 1

Chapter 9 Section 1. Manifes t Destiny:. 1 ) Desire for the West:. Mexico has won its independence from S. The U.S. officially recognizes Mexico as a republic American expansionists desired the land in New Mexico, Texas and California. 2 ) Manifest Destiny:. A) Ideology:

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Chapter 9 Section 1

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  1. Chapter 9 Section 1 Manifest Destiny:

  2. 1) Desire for the West: • Mexico has won its independence from S. • The U.S. officially recognizes Mexico as a republic • American expansionists desired the land in New Mexico, Texas and California

  3. 2) Manifest Destiny: A) Ideology: • Is the idea that God wants America to own all of North America. • Term first coined by John L. O’Sullivan in Democratic Review, July 1845 • Ideological basis for belief: • Sincere belief in democracy and republicanism • Idealized view of U.S. as model for others • Racist view of N.A.s and Mexicans • Ideas of the West as a land of Romance and Adventure

  4. “American Progress” by John Gast, 1872

  5. 2) Manifest Destiny: B) Concrete Support: • Americans tempted by “free” land • U.S. stopped at Mississippi • Knew of California and Oregon • Develop trade with Far East • Pacific Coast to Far East – need base • Jealous of Mexico’s success • Fear of Foreign Invasion • British Claims to Oregon; Mexico in south

  6. 3) The Oregon Trail: • Manifest Destiny means Americans have to move west • Made long journeys in covered wagons west. • The Oregon Trail started in St. Louis and took 4 to 6 months and was full of danger • Ended in Willamette Valley with the promise of a new life.

  7. Trails Westward

  8. Overland Immigration to the West • Between 1840 and 1860, more than250,000 people made the trekwestward.

  9. The Oregon Trail – Albert Bierstadt, 1869

  10. 4) The Santa Fe Trail: • Mexico had won independence from S. • American and Mexican trade soars • Traded American __________________ goods for horses, mules, furs and silver

  11. Texas and the Mexican American War: Chapter 9 Section 2

  12. 1) Texas Declares Independence: • Negligence- Mexico allowed Americans to run their own affairs in government • Racism- Both sides feel that they are better than one another • Cultural Differences- Mexicans are Christians and speak Spanish; Americans refuse to learn Mexican culture

  13. Key Figures in Texas Independence, 1836 Sam Houston(1793-1863) Steven Austin(1793-1836)

  14. Remember the Alamo!

  15. Davey Crockett’s Last Stand

  16. The Battle of the Alamo General Antonio Lpez de Santa Anna Recaptures the Alamo

  17. Texas Independence (1836-1845)

  18. Texas Declaration of Independence

  19. The Republic of Texas

  20. The Mexican War (1846-1848)

  21. The Slidell Mission: Nov., 1845 • Mexican recognition of the Rio Grande River as the TX-US border. • US would forgive American citizens’claims against the Mexican govt. • US would purchase the New Mexicoarea for $5,000,000. • US would California at any price. John Slidell

  22. Wilmot Proviso, 1846 Provided, territory from that, as an express and fundamental condition to the acquisition of any the Republic of Mexico by the United States, by virtue of any treaty which may be negotiated between them, and to the use by the Executive of the moneys herein appropriated, neither slavery nor involuntary servitude shall ever exist in any part of said territory, except for crime, whereof the party shall first be duly convicted. Congr. David Wilmot(D-PA)

  23. The Mexican War (1846-1848)

  24. General Zachary Taylor at Palo Alto “Old Rough and Ready”

  25. The Bombardment of Vera Cruz

  26. General Scott Enters Mexico City “Old Fuss and Feathers”

  27. Treaty of Guadalupe-Hidalgo, 1848 Nicholas Trist,American Negotiator

  28. Treaty of Guadalupe-Hidalgo, 1848 The Treaty was basically forced on Mexico! • Mexico gave up claims to Texas above the Rio Grande River. • Mexico gave the U. S. California and New Mexico. • U. S. gave Mexico $15,000,000 and agreed to pay the claims of American citizens against Mexico(over $3,500,000).

  29. Results of the Mexican War? The 17-month war cost $100,000,000 and 13,000+American lives (mostly of disease). New territories were brought into the Union which forced the explosive issue of SLAVERY to the center of national politics.* Brought in 1 million sq. mi. of land (incl. TX) These new territories would upset the balance of power between North and South. Created two popular Whig generals who ran for President. Manifest Destiny partially realized.

  30. Unresolved Issues & New Opportunities

  31. Free Soil Party Free Soil! Free Speech! Free Labor! Free Men! • “Barnburners” – discontented northern Democrats. • Anti-slave members of the Liberty and Whig Parties. • Opposition to the extension of slavery in the newterritories! WHY?

  32. The 1848 Presidential Election Results √

  33. The Mexican Cession

  34. GOLD! At Sutter’s Mill, 1848 John A. Sutter

  35. California Gold Rush, 1849 49er’s

  36. Two Views of San Francisco, Early 1850s • By 1860, almost 300,000people had traveled theOregon & CaliforniaTrails to the Pacificcoast.

  37. Territorial Growth to 1853

  38. Westward the Course of EmpireEmmanuel Leutze, 1860

  39. Expansionist Young America in the 1850s America’s Attempted Raids into Latin America

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