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Moses J Amos, FAME, SPC

Pacific food security challenges, historical context of CBNRM/CEAFM, and the stock-take of CBNRM/CEAFM. Moses J Amos, FAME, SPC. Presentation Overview. Background Coastal fisheries management Why ineffective Challenges Conclusion. Background – Coastal Fisheries.

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Moses J Amos, FAME, SPC

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  1. Pacific food security challenges, historical context of CBNRM/CEAFM, and the stock-take of CBNRM/CEAFM Moses J Amos, FAME, SPC

  2. Presentation Overview • Background • Coastal fisheries management • Why ineffective • Challenges • Conclusion

  3. Background – Coastal Fisheries • Multi-species shallow water fisheries – • Finfish, • Invertebrates ,and • Others(seaweeds, live rock) • Multi-gear - gleaning, spear fishing, trapping, gillnetting, hook/line dropline fishing, and trolling • Multi-fishing methods - walking, wading, swimming, and fishing from non-motorised and motorised vessels. • Multi-stocks throughout the region

  4. Coastal fisheries management • Unlike the industrial tuna fishery, there is no regional approach to coastal fisheries management. • Considered the responsibility of each PICT. • Various management techniques have been used by PICTs: • Informal • Formal

  5. Informal Coastal Fisheries Management systems

  6. Formal Coastal Fisheries Management systems

  7. Combination of Informal and Formal Management Measures

  8. Coastal fisheries management • Ineffective coastal fisheries management is a real tragedy for the Pacific region. • Failure of the management techniques has resulted in closing down of fisheries to prevent collapse of the resource. • Such moratoriums have devastating impacts on coastal communities.

  9. For Example ……State of Export Sea Cucumber Fisheries Marshall Is. New SC regs Palau Closed Kiribati FSM Kiribati Needs MGT Needs MGT Papua New Guinea Tokelau Kiribati Closed Closed Tuvalu Solomon Is. Closed Closed Samoa Wallis & Futuna French Polynesia Vanuatu Un-fished Managed Closed Needs MGT Cook Is. Niue New Caledonia Fiji Is. Un-fished Un-fished Managed Needs MGT Tonga Needs MGT

  10. Coastal fisheries management • Fully exploited or in over fished state. • Production will not expand in future. • Production will decline and the situation will become worse in the future.

  11. Why - ineffective coastal fisheries management? Much of the ineffectiveness of coastal fisheries resource management is attributed to: • Lack of/outdated coastal fisheries management policy/plans/regulations • Lack of monitoring, control, and surveillance (MCS) measures • Limited cooperation between regional agencies and NGOs

  12. Why - ineffective coastal fisheries management? • Inadequate skilled officers in coastal fisheries • Focus on increasing production and not on reducing fishing effort • Limited empowerment of coastal communities • Limited political will and support

  13. Challenges _ Livelihoods • Fundamental importance in PICTs • Very important for local incomes - provides around 50% of coastal households with 1st or 2nd source of income.

  14. Challenges - Patterns of Economic Development • Likely that economies of most Pacific Island Countries will not be in very good shape • Many people without jobs will seek income and food security from harvesting of coastal fisheries • Willingness to compromise tomorrow’s sustainability for today’s food security and income

  15. Challenges _ Food security Coastal fisheries provides 50% - 90% of protein intake for coastal communities

  16. Food Security How much coastal fish do we eat? 39 96 79 115 >150 53 146 118 94 79 61 30 113 50 43 56 85

  17. Challenges – Food security

  18. Challenges – Food security 100,000 t 10,000 t 5,000 t

  19. Challenges – Food security Assume a whole snapper: 25-30 cm or around 250g Plate size fish Fish gap within 15 years 100,000 t Melanesia 400,000,000 pieces Micronesia 40,000,000 pieces Polynesia 20,000,000 pieces 10,000 t 5,000 t

  20. WHERE WILL THE EXTRA FISH COME FROM???? • Sustainable management of wild fisheries, or • Catch of industrial tuna fisheries, or • small scale tuna fishing around FADs, or • Small pelagics, or • Aquaculture/mariculture, or • All of the above

  21. Some Conclusions • Coastal fisheries resources will not be able to meet demand from growing populations. • Effective management is needed to sustain coastal fisheries production at optimum levels. • Alternative sources of fish for food include catch of industrial tuna fisheries, small scale tuna fishing around FADs, aquaculture, and small pelagics.

  22. Thank youMerci beaucoup Any Questions

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