Bureau of Fire Protection

1. Bureau of Fire Protection Manila Fire District "FIRE SAFETY SEMINAR" Presented by: CINSP ARVIN REX AGUSTIN AFALLA, BFP Deputy District Fire Marshal for ADMIN con. District OPRNS Chief MANILA FIRE DISTRICT BFP-NCR “FIRE SAFETY IS OUR MAIN CONCERN”

2. Objectives of the Presentation: • Understand BFP as an organization and its operation; • Tragic FIRES in the Philippines; • Understand the Concept and Principles of Fire Behavior; • Fire Safety Tips and Others!! • Establishment of Fire Brigades

4. A. BFP as an Organization BRIEF HISTORY OF THE BFP 1900 - The first fire department was established in Manila during the American occupation 1940 - Fire departments were established in neighboring cities and towns each has their own organizational set-up 1975 - Integration of the local fire departments in city/municipality police forces under a national police organization called the Philippine Constabulary - Integrated National Police(PC-INP) 1990- Republic Act No. 6975 was enacted establishing a separate fire protection bureau designed to be a national in scope and civilian in character HISTORY

5. Bureau of Fire Protection was created by virtue of RA 6975 primarily to perform the following functions: • Be responsible for the prevention and suppression of all • destructive fires on: • Buildings, houses and other structures; LEGAL MANDATE • Forest; • Land transportation vehicles and equipment; • Ships or vessels docked at piers or wharves • anchored in major sea ports; • Petroleum industry installations; • Plane crashes; and • Other similar incidents.

6. Bureau of Fire Protection was created by virtue of RA 6975 primarily to perform the following functions: • Be responsible for the enforcement of the Fire Code of • the Philippines 2008 (RA 9514) and other related laws; • Shall have the power to investigate all causes of fires • and if necessary, file the proper complaint with the city • or provincial prosecutor who has jurisdiction over the case; LEGAL MANDATE 4. In time of national emergency, all elements of the BFP shall upon the direction of the President, assist the AFP in meeting the national emergency; and • Shall establish at least one (1) fire station with adequate • personnel, fire fighting facilities and equipment in every • provincial capital, city and municipality subject to the • standard rules and regulations as may be promulgated • by the DILG.

7. TRAGIC FIRES In The PHILIPPINES

8. OZONE DISCO 19 MARCH 1996 160 persons killed 83 persons injured P 15M in damages

9. BASECO COMPOUND 12 JANUARY 2004 12,500 families left homeless 6,000 homes burned to the ground P40M in damages

10. August 18, 2001 Q.C. MANOR HOTEL FIRE 75 DEATHS Damage was estimated to about 10Million pesos. CAUSE OF FIRE: Overloading that led to heating of wiring and electrical short circuit. Testimonial evidence of Ronilo Pacinos Y Ritual, hotel guest billeted at room 306 who noticed the fire at the ceiling of the stockroom at the 3rd floor.

11. Asosasion de Damas de Filipinas Inc ( PACO SETTLEMENT HOUSE )

12. “All the thieves in the world cannot take all your belongings, but one good FIRE could raze it to the ground In five (5) minutes time.”

13. Common Causes of Fire

14. Electrical Equipment & Appliances

15. Kitchen Fires • Always turn off the stove after cooking • Never let the stove get red hot • Don't keep or store any flammable substances in your kitchen • Don’t leave the stove while cooking • Keep your heat-producing appliances clean. Old food particles & greasy build-up can ignite

16. Cigarettes & Matches • Never smoke in bed. • Always have an ashtray available in your home. • Crush your cigarette & cigar stubs thoroughly before discarding them. • Do not throw cigar & cigarette butts into waste basket. • Strictly obey “No Smoking” signs.

17. LPG • Keep stove at least a foot distance from any surrounding combustible wall or sidings. • Make sure all gas connections are rigid and tight. Avoid rubber or flexible tubings.

18. ARSON

19. C. Fire Behavior Basic Concepts and Principles of Fire Behavior

20. FIRE IS… FIRE is a result of a chain reaction from the rapid combination of oxygen, fuel and heat.

21. Elements of Fire

22. Fire Spreads in Three (3) Ways Direct Heat Transfer. This is the transfer of heat from one body to another through direct flame contact.

23. Heat Transfer by Radiation. It is the act of radiating or the emission and propagation of radiant heat or energy. It involves the stages of emission, absorption and transmission of heat or energy. It involves the thermal process whereby atmospheric circulation is maintained through the upward or downward transfer of air masses of different temperature.

24. Heat Transfer by Convection. It is the diffusion of heat in liquid or gas form through the motion of its parts

25. Classes of Fire Class A fires involve ordinary combustible materials, such as wood, cloth, paper, rubber, and many plastics.

26. ClassBfires involve flammable/combustible liquids, greases, and gases.

27. ClassCfires involve energized electrical equipment.

28. ClassDfires involve combustible metals, such as magnesium, titanium, zirconium, sodium, and potassium.

29. Classes of FIRE

30. How do we put off FIRE?

31. THE FIRE EXTINGUISHMENT THEORY • The principles of fire extinction consist of the elimination or removal of one or more of the four elements. These principles are: STARVATION • By removal of the fuel burning in the fire. Sometimes combustible material can be removed such as by shutting off gas valves or fuel flows. STOP CHAIN REACTION • Stop or interrupt the chain reaction between the fuel, heat and oxygen the fire will be extinguished. COOLING • By using Water as it absorbs heat from the fire and cools the fuel to a temperature where it no longer produces flammable vapors. SMOTHERING • By excluding the oxygen in the surrounding atmosphere, the fire will be extinguished.

32. Fire Extinguisher Anatomy PRESSURE GAUGE (not found on CO2 extinguishers) DISCHARGE LEVER DISCHARGE LOCKING PIN AND SEAL CARRYING HANDLE DISCHARGE HOSE DATA PLATE DISCHARGE NOZZLE BODY DISCHARGE ORIFICE

33. TYPES OF FIRE EXTINGUISHERS Dry Chemical Carbon Dioxide Clean Agent AFFF

34. P A S S Fire Extinguisher Use Pull the pin Aim low at the base of the FIRE Squeeze the Lever Sweep from side to side

35. Fire Safety Tips

36. HEARING SEEING SMELLING TOUCHING FIGHTING FIRE ESCAPE People’s Response to Fire REACTION IGNORE TELLING OTHERS ASSISTING OTHERS

37. FIRE BRIGADE ORGANIZATION (Officers and Members) • OFFICERS • Fire Marshal • Deputy Fire Marshal • Chief, Command Post/ Communication Station • Evacuation Team Leader • Fire Extinguishing Team Leader • Rescue and Salvaged Team Leader • Traffic Team Leader • First-Aid/Medical Team Leader

38. Prepare and implement a fire safety plan

39. Organize a Fire Brigade and provide an Organizational Chart of Officers and Members

40. Provide equipment, tools, appliances and other materials needed by the fire brigade

41. Conduct fire exit/evacuation drills

42. Supervise and coordinate with the fire brigade personnel during emergency and fire drills.

43. Require brigade officers to submit report of activities undertaken during fire incidents & drills

44. Deputy Fire Marshal • Assist the fire marshal in all activities of the fire brigade • Take-over the duties of the fire marshal during the latter’s absence or incapacity to perform duty

45. Fire Extinguishing Team Leader

46. Select sufficient number of qualified male personnel for designation by the Fire Marshal

47. Organize, train and supervise the teams under his command

48. Supervise and coordinate the teams in the control & extinguishment of fires and during fire drills.

49. Be responsible for the availability & state of readiness of his team.

50. Evacuation Team Leader • Take charge of the evacuation of occupants in his area of responsibility.