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American Politics and Government

American Politics and Government. Campaigns and Elections: The Primary Season. Overview of Total Process. Three time periods involved: Exploration Ends with candidate declaring candidature Run for nomination Lasts from declaration to convention Run for President

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American Politics and Government

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  1. American Politics and Government Campaigns and Elections: The Primary Season

  2. Overview of Total Process • Three time periods involved: • Exploration • Ends with candidate declaring candidature • Run for nomination • Lasts from declaration to convention • Run for President • Lasts from convention to general election

  3. Primary Process • Each party holds primaries and/or primaries in each state • It is technically the party who conducts these events, not the government • The primaries and caucuses must follow election rules • Non-discriminatory • No grandfather clauses • No white primaries • Constitutional • No poll tax • …the usual

  4. The Primaries • Voters go to the election stations and cast a ballot for their choice for nominee • Oregon: Mail elections only • Ballot options: • Open primary • Closed primary • Modified closed primary

  5. The Primaries • Open primaries allow a person to vote for candidates in either party • Crossover voting • Strategic voting • Constitutional??? • Freedom of Assembly • Remember: These elections are held for the party

  6. The Primaries • Open primary states (19) Alabama Arkansas Georgia Idaho Illinois Indiana Louisiana Michigan Mississippi Missouri Montana Ohio South Carolina Tennessee Texas Vermont Virginia Washington Wisconsin

  7. The Primaries • Closed primaries require the person to vote for their preferred candidate in their own party • Party unity • Party loyalty • Greater representation of what the party wants • Constitutional???

  8. The Primaries • Closed primary states (21) Arizona Connecticut Delaware District of Columbia Florida Kentucky Maryland Massachusetts Nebraska New Hampshire New Jersey New Mexico New York North Carolina Oklahoma Oregon * Pennsylvania Rhode Island South Dakota Utah West Virginia

  9. The Primaries • Modified closed primary • Attempts to avoid constitutionality issues in the other two styles • Party declares whether or not it will allow non-party members to vote in their primary • Modified closed primary state: • California

  10. The Primaries • The final option is the caucus • This is NOT a primary vote • Party members for the precinct meet at a central location to discuss party • Iowa is the first caucus: • Republicans: Cast ballots for the candidate of their choice • The delegates are selected by the party and may or may not represent the vote • Democrats: Voters stand in groups to signify preference • Viability and revote • Binding results

  11. The Primaries • Caucus states • Alaska Feb 5 Feb 5 • Colorado Feb 5 Feb 5 • Hawaii Feb 19 Mar 2 • Idaho ** Feb 5 • Iowa Jan 14 Jan 3 • Kansas Feb 5 Feb 9 • Maine Feb 10 Feb 1 • Minnesota Feb 5 Feb 5 • Nebraska ** Feb 9 • Nevada Jan 19 Jan 19 • New Mexico * Feb 5

  12. The Primaries • Caucus states… • North Dakota Feb 5 Feb 5 • Washington ** Apr 28 • Wyoming Mar 8 Jan 5 • Caucus Territories • American Samoa Mar 10 Feb 23 • Guam May 3 Feb 16 • Virgin Islands Feb 9 Feb 23

  13. The Primary Calendar • January • Jan ?? New Hampshire RD P • Jan 3 Iowa R C • Jan 5 Wyoming R C • Jan 15 Michigan RD P • Jan 19 Nevada RD C • South Carolina R P • Jan 14 Iowa D C • Jan 29 Florida RD P • South Carolina D P • February • Feb 1 Maine R C

  14. The Primary Calendar • February • Feb 5 (Super Tuesday): • Alabama Alaska* • Arizona Arkansas • California Colorado* • Connecticut Delaware • Georgia Idaho** • Illinois Kansas** • Minnesota* Missouri • New Jersey New Mexico** • New York North Dakota* • Oklahoma Tennessee • Utah

  15. The Primary Calendar • February (continued) • Feb 9 Kansas R C • Louisiana DR P • Nebraska D C • Feb 10 Maine D C • Feb 12 DC DR P • Maryland DR P • Virginia DR P • Feb 19 Hawaii D C • Washington DR P • Wisconsin DR P • Feb 29 North Dakota R C

  16. The Primary Calendar • March • Mar 2 Hawaii R C • Mar 4 Massachusetts DR P • Ohio DR P • Rhode Island DR P • Texas DR P • Vermont DR P • Mar 8 Wyoming D C • Mar 11 Mississippi DR P • April • Apr 22 Pennsylvania DR P • Apr 28 Washington D C

  17. The Primary Calendar • May • May 6 Indiana DR P • North Carolina DR P • May 13 Nebraska DR P • West Virginia DR P • May 20 Kentucky DR P • Oregon DR P* • May 27 Idaho DR P • June • Jun 3 Montana DR P • New Mexico R P • South Dakota DR P

  18. The Primary Calendar • The Conventions • Democratic: • Denver, CO Aug 25 — 28 • Republican: • St. Paul, MN Sep 1 — 4 • Green: • Chicago, IL Jul 10 — 13 • Libertarian: • Denver, CO May 22 — 26 • Constitution: • Council Bluffs Oct 25 — 27**

  19. The Conventions • Meeting where the delegates elect the party’s candidate for president • Five types of delegates: • Super-delegates (automatic) • District-level (elected, pledged) • At-large (selected, pledged) • PLEO (selected, unpledged) • Add-on (selected, unpledged) • Each state, territory, and ‘other’ gets a vote • Total delegates: • Dem: ~4000 Rep: ~4000

  20. The Convention (Democrat) • Nebraska: • Pledged votes: • District-level: 16 • At-large: 5 • PLEO: 3 • Unpledged votes: • DNC Members: 5 • Demo MoCong: 1 • Demo Gov.: 0 • Distinguished PL: 0 • Add-on: 1 • Total delegates: 31

  21. The Convention (Democrat) • Oregon: • Pledged votes: • District-level: 31 • At-large: 11 • PLEO: 6 • Unpledged votes: • DNC Members: 7 • Demo MoCong: 5 • Demo Gov.: 1 • Distinguished PL: 0 • Add-on: 1 • Total delegates: 62

  22. The Convention (Democrat) • Some state delegation sizes: • California 441 • Florida 210 • Illinois 185 • Iowa 56 • Kansas 40 • Minnesota 88 • Nebraska 31 • New York 280 • Oregon 62 • Tennessee 85 • Wyoming 18 • Dems Abroad 22

  23. The Convention (Republican) • Delegation size rules: • Elected delegates: • 3 per Congressional District • PLEOs: • 3 per state and our 6 NSTs • At large: • Each state 10 • District of Columbia 16 • Guam 6 • Northern Mariana Islands 6 • Puerto Rico 20 • Virgin Islands 6 …

  24. The Convention (Republican) • Delegation size rules (cont): • Each Republican Senator 1 • Republican Governor 1 • If ½ Reps are Republican 1 • If one chamber is Republican 1 • If the other is Republican 1 • If state Electors voted Republican in 2004: 4.5 + 0.60 x Electoral Votes (rounded up)

  25. The Convention (Republican) • Nebraska delegation size: • Congressional 9 • PLEOs 3 • State (At Large) 10 • Senator 1 • Governor 1 • Rep Reps 1 • Legislature (Uni) 1 • Electoral 4.5 + 5 * 0.60 8 • Total: 34

  26. The Convention (Republican) • Oregon delegation size: • Congressional 15 • PLEOs 3 • State (At Large) 10 • Senator 1 • Governor 0 • Rep Reps 0 • Legislature (Bi) 0 • Electoral 0 • Total: 29

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