VERTICAL AXIS WIND TURBINE

1. VERTICAL AXIS WIND TURBINE DESIGN AND FABRICATION: ABRAR BASHA S DILLS JOSEPH FRANCIS JOSE GIGEESH P S PROJECT GUIDE: MR.R.KRISHNAKUMAR M.E.,(Ass. Professor )

2. CONTENTS • INTRODUCTION • WORKING PRINCIPLE • METHODOLOGY • OPERATION • POWER AND ROTATIONAL SPEED • MATERIALS REQUIRED • DESIGN • BUDGET • USES • ADVANTAGES AND DISADVANTAGES • FUTURE APPLICATIONS • CONCLUSION • REFERENCE • QUERY

3. INTRODUCTION • The objective of this project is to generate electric power through the fabrication of Savonius wind mill. • A wind turbine is a machine that converts the kinetic energy in wind into mechanical energy. • If the mechanical energy is used directly by machinery, such as a pump or grinding stones, the machine is usually called a windmill.

4. The Savonius rotor is S-shaped . • All of these designs turn relatively slowly, but yield a high torque. • They can be useful for grinding grain, pumping water, and many other tasks; but are not good for generating large amounts of electricity. • One might use a gearbox, but then efficiency suffers and the machine may not start at all easily. • This project is designed with Wind mill arrangement, Dynamo, and Battery.

5. WORKING PRINCIPLE

6. Wind mill arrangement is the mechanical arrangements which are easily rotated. • The rotating speed is depends upon the wind strength. • The wind mill arrangement is coupled with the dynamo. So whenever the wind mill is rotated due to wind, the dynamo also rotated. • The electric power is generated in the dynamo. • The generated electric power is given to battery through the charging circuit.

7. METHODOLOGY

8. DESIGNING OF VAWT ANALYSIS PURCHASE OF COMPONENTS MACHINING ASSEMBLY INSPECTION FINAL PRODUCT

9. OPERATION

10. The Savonius turbine is one of the simplest turbines.  • Aerodynamically, it is a drag-type device, consisting of two or three scoops. • Looking down on the rotor from above, a two-scoop machine would look like an "S" shape in cross section. • Because of the curvature, the scoops experience less drag when moving against the wind than when moving with the wind. • The differential drag causes the Savonius turbine to spin.

11. Because they are drag-type devices, Savonius turbines extract much less of the wind's power than other similarly-sized lift-type turbines. • Much of the swept area of a Savonius rotor may be near the ground, if it has a small mount without an extended post, making the overall energy extraction less effective due to the lower wind speeds found at lower heights.

12. POWER AND ROTATIONAL SPEED • The maximum power of a Savonius rotor is given by  , where   and   are the height and radius of the rotor and   is the wind speed. • The angular frequency  of a rotor is given by  , where   is a dimensionless factor called the tip-speed ratio. λ is characteristic of a specific windmill, and its value is typically between 0.5 and 14. In a Savonius rotor, λ≈1.

13. The maximum power of a Savonius rotor is given by  , the height and radius of the rotor and  the wind speed. • The angular frequency of a rotor is given by  , where   is a dimensionless factor called the tip-speed ratio. • λ is characteristic of a specific windmill, and its value is typically between 0.5 and 14. •  In a Savonius rotor, λ≈1. • For example, an oil-barrel sized Savonius rotor with h=1 m and r=0.5 m under a wind of v=10 m/s, will generate a maximum power of160 W and an angular speed of 20 rad/s (190 revolutions per minute).

14. MATERIALS REQUIRED

16. DESIGN AND FABRICATION

17. BUDGET

19. USES • Savonius turbines are used whenever cost or reliability is much more important than efficiency. • Most anemometers are Savonius turbines for this reason, as efficiency is irrelevant to the application of measuring wind speed. • Much larger Savonius turbines have been used to generate electric power on deep-water buoys , which need small amounts of power and get very little maintenance. • Design is simplified because, unlike with horizontal axis wind turbines (HAWTs), no pointing mechanism is required to allow for shifting wind direction and the turbine is self-starting.

20. . Savonius and other vertical-axis machines are good at pumping water and other high torque, low rpm applications and are not usually connected to electric power grids. • Small Savonius wind turbines are sometimes seen used as advertising signs where the rotation helps to draw attention to the item advertised. • They sometimes feature a simple two-frame animation .

21. ADVANTAGES • Easy to implement and low maintenance. • Power generate by the wind force . DISADVANTAGES • Power generated depend upon the wind force.

22. APPLICATIONS

23. FUTURE APPLICATIONS • Everyday domestic purposes. • In future VAWTs can be designed such that we can increase its efficiency. • Powering streetlamps and highways. • Coupling VAWTs with the main electrical GRID , that is ON GRID. • VAWT powered motor vehicles and ships.

24. CONCLUSION • The field of wind power utilization is not fully tapped at the present time. As we are degrading our fossil fuels at a high rate .It is important for us to look for alternatives and certainly the VERTICAL AXIS WIND MILL (VAWT) is a key process for harnessing this renewable energy .

25. REFERENCE • Design data book -P.S.G.Tech. • Machine tool design handbook –Central machine tool Institute, Bangalore. • Strength of Materials -R.S.Kurmi • Manufacturing Technology -M.Haslehurst. • Design of machine elements - R.s.Kurumi

26. QUERY