Chapter 14

1. Chapter 14 2nd Declension Words Ending with -R

2. Learning Targets • To recognize a new form of 2nd declension nouns (Good news – it’s only different in the nominative singular!). • To gain an understanding of the importance of learning the genitive singular as you learn the words in the vocabulary.

3. Nouns and Adjectives ending in -r • There are nouns and adjectives in the 2nd declension which end in –r. • These words omit the –us ending in the nominative singular. • These words end in –er or –r in the nominative case • NOTICE the genitive singular of nouns or the feminine singular of adjectives – they both show whether the –e- is retained before the –r in the other cases!

4. Examples Singular Plural ager noster agri nostri agri nostri agrorum nostrom agro nostro agris nostris agrum nostrum agros nostros agro nostro agris nostris vocative: ager noster agri nostri

5. Example with retained –e- liber liberi liberi liberorum libero liberis liberum liberos libero liberis vocative: liber liberi

6. Hints • Carefully note the nominative, the genitive, and the gender of every noun! • The English derivatives are very helpful in showing if the –e- is retained. Usually the Latin word retains the –e- if it is in the derivatives! Most follow the pattern of ager and don’t retain the –e-. Vir is unique! • Adjectives agree with nouns in case, number and gender, but not always in ending: puer bonus, nauta liber