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Introduction to the Mole and Molar Mass

Introduction to the Mole and Molar Mass. Revised 9/05/06. Purpose. At the completion of this unit students will Have a conceptual understanding of the mole as the method of “counting” items and finding the mass of items that can’t be seen.

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Introduction to the Mole and Molar Mass

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  1. Introduction to the Mole and Molar Mass Revised 9/05/06

  2. Purpose At the completion of this unit students will • Have a conceptual understanding of the mole as the method of “counting” items and finding the mass of items that can’t be seen. • Be able to calculate the number of items (molecules, atoms, ions, and formula units) if given the number of moles. • Be able to calculate the number of moles if given the number of items. • Be able to calculate the mass of a sample if given the number of moles in a sample. • Be able to calculate the number of moles in a sample if given the mass of a sample. • Be able to prepare a sample containing a given number of moles. • Be able to determine the molar mass of a compound.

  3. Background • When you buy eggs you usually ask for a _______ eggs. • You know that one dozen of any item is ______. Dozen 12

  4. Paper • Paper is packaged by a ream. • A ream of paper has 500 sheets. • Why is it useful to use units like a dozen or a ream?

  5. What determines how many items should make up a particular unit?

  6. If you were asked to design a new unit to count something, what would you consider when choosing how many items should be included in your new counting unit?

  7. Materials • 3 packages of different types of candy, balance, worksheet, calculator, pencil.

  8. Part 1 • Record the number of items in each package. • Measure the mass of each package. Record the mass of each package in the data table. • Answer questions in Analysis and Interpretations. • Record masses your group measured on the board summarizing class data.

  9. Data Table 1 26.9 4 4 23.03 20.96 4

  10. ANALYSIS AND INTERPRETATION • As you know, a dozen represents 12 items. • Since I did not have enough items to make a dozen, I decided to make a new counting unit. I called this unit an DART. Each of your packages contains _____ items. 4

  11. 1. A DART of oranges will have _____ oranges. 4

  12. 2. A DART of pretzels has ____ pretzels. 4

  13. 3. A DART of molecules of water has ____ molecules of water. 4

  14. 4. A DART of particles has ___ particles. 4

  15. 5. A DART of atoms of iron has _____ atoms of iron. 4 26 Fe 55.85

  16. 6. A DART of formula units of salt has _______ formula units of salt. 4

  17. 7. How many Hershey’s Kisses are in 2 DARTS? _______ 8

  18. 8. How many caramels are in 10 DARTS? _______ 40

  19. 9. How many Dum Dum Pops are in 400 DARTS? _______ 1600

  20. 10. How many Starbursts are in 1/2 DART? _____ 2

  21. 11. Write the directions for finding the number of items if given the number of DARTS

  22. 12. How many oranges are in 5 DARTS? _______ 20

  23. 13. How many apples are in 0.5 DARTS? _______ 2

  24. 14. How many pencils are in 0.25 (1/4) DARTS? ___ 1

  25. 15. How many atoms of silver are in 20 DARTS? _______ 80 47 Ag 107.9

  26. 16. How many molecules of water are in 5 DARTS? _______ 20

  27. 4 17. How many DARTS are 16 Hershey’s Kisses? ______

  28. 25 18. How many DARTS are 100 pretzels? ____

  29. 100 19. How many DARTS are 400 Starbursts? ____

  30. ¼ 0.25 20. How many DARTS is 1 orange? ________ (Write a fraction or a decimal.)

  31. 0.5 21. How many DARTS are 2 caramels? _____

  32. 22. Write your own directions for finding the number of DARTS given the number of pieces

  33. 23. How many DARTS are 48 Hershey’s Kisses? ____ 12

  34. 24. How many DARTS are 32 Hershey’s Kisses? ______ 8

  35. 25. How many DARTS are 24 Jolly Ranchers? ______ 6

  36. 26. How many DARTS are 2 Gobstoppers? ______ .5

  37. 27. How many DARTS are 20 caramels? ______ 5

  38. DARTS • DART of molecules of water would be too small to see. • Scientists had to select a bigger unit for counting molecules of substances. • The unit scientists use is called a MOLE.

  39. One MOLE of anything has 602,200,000,000,000,000,000,000items.

  40. AVOGADRO’S NUMBER • 6.022 x 1023 • One MOLE of anything has 6.022 x 1023 items.

  41. 28. How many Hershey’s Kisses make up 1 MOLE? 6.022 x 1023

  42. 29. How many caramels make up 10 MOLES? 10 [6.022 x 1023] 60.22 x 1023 Or 6.022 x 1024

  43. 30. Find the number of Jolly Ranchers in 4 MOLES. 4 [6.022 x 1023] 24.088 x 1023 2.41 x 1024

  44. 31. Find the number of atoms of sodium in 2 MOLES. 2[6.022 x 1023 ] 12.044 x 1023 1.20 x 1024 11Na 22.99

  45. 32. Find the number of molecules of water in 6 MOLES. 6[6.022 x 1023] 36.113 x 1023 3.61 x 1024

  46. 33. Find the number of caramels in 0.5 MOLES. .5[6.022 x 1023 ] 3.011 x 1023

  47. 34. How many moles of caramels is 6.022x1023 of caramels? ___ 1

  48. 35. How many moles of Starbursts is 6.022x1023 of Starbursts? ___ 1

  49. 36. How many moles of Gobstoppers is 12.04x1023 of Gobstoppers? ___ 2 12.04 x 1023 = 2 6.022 x 1023

  50. 37. How many atoms of potassium make up one MOLE? 6.022 x 1023 19 K 39.10

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