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C OCA C OLA E NTERPRISES. B EST IN F RANCE C ASE S TUDY D ECEMBER 18 th , 2003. By: Mutaz Al Maani Dung Nguyen Carlos Palacios Brian Piech Andrei-Cosmin Rotaru Eduardo Siqueria. Non-alcoholic refreshment business; 90% of product is produced in France with French ingredients;
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COCA COLA ENTERPRISES BEST IN FRANCE CASE STUDY DECEMBER 18th, 2003 By: Mutaz Al Maani Dung Nguyen Carlos Palacios Brian Piech Andrei-Cosmin Rotaru Eduardo Siqueria
Non-alcoholic refreshment business; 90% of product is produced in France with French ingredients; There is a unique, long, evolving history of Coca-Cola in France; For international growth, HRM – specifically, individual people – is the most important element; Excellent synthesis of Coca-Cola’s vision & French culture and values Advice: no matter how large a multinational corporation grows, it has to “stay local” EXECUTIVE OVERVIEW
FROMA SMALL FRENCH COMPANYTOA LARGE SUBSIDIARYOFAN AMERICAN MULTINATIONAL • In the beginning, the U.S. Coca-Cola company monitored quality standards and handled publicity and marketing efforts; • After gradual steps, in 1996 the French company became a subsidiary to CCE in the U.S.; the French operations still retain local flavor;
COCA COLA ENTERPRISES FRANCE • 70 year history in France; • Humble origins: first bottle of Coke sold in a small café by Saint Lazare station in Paris; • Non-alcoholic refreshments; • Averaging 8 to 9% growth per year; • Recently entering bottled water market.
KEY FIGURES IN FRANCE • Net sales: €1.3 billion • Market Share, non-alcholic drinks: 9.1% • Market Share, soft drinks: 57% • Employees: 2,500
COCA COLA FRANCE • Clients include small local restaurants, cafes, small distributors, and direct to consumer • 90% of the product is made in France with French companies providing ingredients and support services
WHY IT CAME TO FRANCE • At first, international growth wasn’t planned • Coke was licensed out to local partners • International expansion happened simultaneously around the world • Until the 1990’s, Coca-Cola France was locally run, with only marketing being handled by the headquarters in the U.S. • Coca-Cola Enterprises France is now a direct subsidiary of Coca-Cola Enterprises in the U.S.
COCA COLA VALUES Due to the length of time Coca Cola was run in France as a separate organization, by the time the US regained a controlling interest there was already a healthy synthesis of U.S. and French culture. Coke’s Values French Values
COCA COLA VALUES Some key Coca-Cola values are: • Passion for your work • Humility • Professionalism • Ethics • Team work
CONSTRAINTS IN FRANCE Coca-Cola has a long and unique history in France. Its presence has evolved over time, with a widening and growing distribution network and growing client and customer base As Coca-Cola Enterprises France is, in essence, a French company with little interference from the U.S. headquarters, there is minimal effect of constraints
ADAPTATIONTO FRANCEPART I – THE DISNEYLAND PARIS SYNDROME • Key date for adaptation comes in 1996, when the French company came under direct control of Coca-Cola in the U.S. • At first, it was the “Disneyland Paris effect” – American managers were brought in who did not know the local business climate, culture, or history • Coke tried to make the French company a carbon copy of the American one
ADAPTATIONTO FRANCEPART II – THE KEY IS HUMAN RESOURCE MANAGEMENT • A vital element to succeed in France is to take the time to learn the language, to understand cultural means of communication; • It is critical to choose job assignments overseas with care and insight; • The second batch of American managers were eager to live in France, had taken the time to learn French, and were open to learning how things were done in the past.
ESSENTIAL ADVICE • Local people need to be involved and part of the decision making process • Knowledge of language and culture is not a luxury – it is a necessity • There needs to be a synthesis of local values and global vision
Similarity to Starbucks’ Philosophy Does Coca-cola France adhere to these philosophies?... Starbucks CEO Orin Smith’s 5 Lessons on Expanding Overseas • Don’t assume the market is like America, no matter how similar the culture; • Set up partnerships abroad to grow faster; • Never become better at opening stores than operating them; • Hire locally for both managers and rank-and-file employees; • Adapt to local culture and tastes. …YES!
Sources • Christian Polge, Directeur General, cpolge@ge.cokecce.com, 01 58 00 29 08 • Marie Garnier, Assistant to the Directeur General, 01 58 00 29 08 • “A Lesson in Real Coffee Culture,” Shirley Leung, Wall Street Journal Europe, December 15, 2003. • Class discussions, slides, and handouts.
OUR TEAM • Mutaz Al Maani Résidence Expansiel, 01 39 67 8162 • Dung Nguyen Résidence Expansiel, 01 39 67 8454 • Carlos Palacios Résidence Expansiel, 01 39 67 8117 • Brian Piech Résidence Expansiel, 01 39 67 8353 • Cosmin Andrei Rotaru Résidence Expansiel, 01 39 67 8707 • Eduardo Siqueria Résidence Expansiel, 06 87 43 9174