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Is this biology?. Is this biology?. Is this biology?. Is this biology?. Is this biology?. Is this biology?. Is this biology?. Biology. Defined : the study of life Organism : anything that can carry on the processes of life Species : organisms that can reproduce in breed
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Biology • Defined: the study of life • Organism: anything that can carry on the processes of life • Species: organisms that can reproduce in breed • Over 2 million species • More diverse along equator • Life has been traced to over 3.5 billion years old
Is Fire Alive? • Made of cells 2) Reproduces 3) Grows and Develops 4) Has organization 5) Requires energy 6) Responds to environment no yes yes no yes yes
Are Cars Alive? yes • Made of cells 2) Reproduces 3) Grows and Develops 4) Has organization 5) Requires energy 6) Responds to environment no no yes yes yes
Life Characteristics • All life (from bacteria to humans) has a few common characteristics 1) Based from cells • Cell = most basic unit of life • All cells capable of carrying on life processes • Some cells specialized for specific duties • Ex: Red blood cells carry O2
Life Characteristics 2) Requires energy • Energy = ability to do work or cause change • Energy controls metabolism (ability to break down materials) • Most life energy obtained from the sun • Autotrophs: create energy from the sun (ex: plants & algae) • Heterotrophs: consumer others for energy (ex: fungi & animals)
Life Characteristics 3) Responds to environment • Stimulus = environmental factors • Ex: Sound, light, touch
Life Characteristics • 4) Reproduces and develops • Genetic material (DNA) passed to next generation • Asexual reproduction: offspring produced from a single parent • Offspring genetically identical to parent • Sexual reproduction: offspring is a genetic mixture of two parents • Offspring vary genetically from parents
Quick Review • Life on Earth is very diverse • All life has certain features in common • Energy moves from one organism to another