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1968

1968. CHAPTER 30, SECTION 4. VOCABULARY. TET OFFENSIVE CLARK CLIFFORD ROBERT F. KENNEDY EUGENE McCARTHY HUBERT HUMPHREY GEORGE WALLACE. IMPORTANT DATES. 1968 : JANUARY : THE TET OFFENSIVE MARCH : LBJ ANNOUNCES HE WILL NOT SEEK RE-ELECTION APRIL : MLK ASSASSINATED

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1968

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  1. 1968 CHAPTER 30, SECTION 4

  2. VOCABULARY • TET OFFENSIVE • CLARK CLIFFORD • ROBERT F. KENNEDY • EUGENE McCARTHY • HUBERT HUMPHREY • GEORGE WALLACE

  3. IMPORTANT DATES • 1968: • JANUARY: THE TET OFFENSIVE • MARCH: LBJ ANNOUNCES HE WILL NOT SEEK RE-ELECTION • APRIL: MLK ASSASSINATED • JUNE: RFK ASSASSINATED • AUGUST: DEMOCRATIC NATIONAL CONVENTION RIOTS IN CHICAGO • NOVEMBER: NIXON ELECTED PRESIDENT

  4. A TUMULTUOUS YEAR • JAN., ’68: THE TET OFFENSIVE BEGINS • MASSIVE ASSAULT BY COMMUNIST FORCES ON US/ARVN FORCES • 100 CITIES/TOWNS IN S-VNAM ATTACKED • WORST FIGHTING: • SAIGON – U.S. EMBASSY OVERRUN BY VC • HUE CITY • OFFENSIVE LASTS 1 MONTH • RESULTS: • VC LOSSES: 32,000 KIA • US/ARVN LOSSES: 3,000 • EFFECT? • US/ARNV CLAIM MAJOR VICTORY • TET WAS SHOCK TO AMERICAN PUBLIC: WHY? • LBJ/Mc NAMARA HAD STATED WAR WAS NEARLY WON • SO…LBJ’s CREDIBILITY GAP GROWS

  5. Major NVA/VC Assaults, 1968 Tet Offensive, Vietnam

  6. U.S. Marines, Hue City, January, 1968

  7. CHANGES IN PUBLIC OPINION • TET’s EFFECT ON PUBLIC OPINION: • TET CHANGES U.S. PUBLIC OPINION ABOUT THE WAR: • EXAMPLE; MEDIA POLL BEOFRE TET: • 28% DOVES • 56% HAWKS • POLL AFTER TET: • 40% DOVES • 40% HAWKS • MEDIA OPENLY CRITICIZES THE WAR: • EXAMPLE: CBS NEWS ANCHOR WALTER CRONKITE CRITICIZES THE WAR • GOV’T. OFFICIALS QUESTION THE WAR: • EXAMPLE: CLARK CLIFFORD, SEC. OF DEFENSE,BELIEVES WAR IS UNWINNABLE • FEBRUARY, ’68 MEDIA POLL: • 60% DISAPPROVE OF LBJ’s HANDLING OF WAR • 50% FELT U.S INVOLVEMENT IN V-NAM HAD BEEN AMISTAKE

  8. WALTER CRONKITE, CBS NEWS

  9. MOVING TOWARDS ELECTION • MARCH, ’68: • LBJ MAKES TELEVISED SPEECH TO NATION • ANNOUNCES HE WILL BEGIN PEACE NEGOTIATIONS TO END WAR • U.S. ESCALATION OF WAR WOULD END • BOMBING OF N-VNAM WOULD BE REDUCED • WILL FORCE S-VNAM TO TAKE LARGER ROLE IN FIGHTING • LBJ ANNOUNCES HE WILL NOT SEEK RE-ELECTION IN ’68

  10. DEMOCRATS & 1968 • LBJ’s ANNOUNCEMENT OF WITHDRAWAL FROM ’68 PRESIDENTIAL CAMPAIGN: WHO’S RUNNING? • SEN. EUGENE McCARTHY, D-MINN. • SEN. RFK, D-N.Y. • VP HUBERT HUMPHREY • WHO SUPPORTS EACH CANDIDATE? • McCARTHY: FAR LEFT • RFK: MINORITIES, POOR • HUMPHREY: REMAINING DEMOS., LBJ SUPPORTERS • OTHER EVENTS: • APRIL: MLK ASSASSINATED IN MEMPHIS, TN. • JUNE: RFK ASSASSINATED IN L.A.

  11. 1968 Democratic Candidates • Eugene McCarthy RFK Hubert Humphrey

  12. CHICAGO • AUGUST, ’68: DEMOCRATIC NATIONAL CONVENTION • PROBLEM? • LEFT-WING GROUPS TARGETED CONVENTION FOR MASSIVE PROTESTS • WHO? • SDS • “YIPPIES” • MAYOR RICHARD J. DALY VOWED TO KEEP ORDER IN CHICAGO • VIOLENCE BETWEEN PROTESTERS, POLICE, & NATIONAL GUARD • RESULTS? • HUNDREDS INJURED, ARRESTED • PUBLIC IMAGE OF DEMOCRATIV PARTY IS DAMAGED • HUBERT HUMPHREY GETS PARTY NOMINATION FOR PRES. • REPUBLICANS ARE STRENGTHENED BY DEMOS. BAD PUBLIC IMAGE

  13. CHICAGO MAYOR RICHARD J. DALY

  14. ELECTION OF 1968 • WHO RUNS? • DEMOCRAT: HUBERT HUMPHREY • REPUBLICAN: RICHARD M. NIXON • AMERICAN INDEPENDENT: GEORGE WALLACE • KEY ISSUES: • VIETNAM • RACE RELATIONS • GOV’T CREDIBILITY – “THE CREDIBILITY GAP” • RESULTS: NIXON WINS • NIXON: 301 ELECTORAL VOTES • HUMPHREY: 191 ELECTORAL VOTES • WALLACE: 46 ELECTORAL VOTES*** • ***WALLACE TOOK WORKING CLASS WHITE VOTES IN NORTH AWAY FROM HUMPHREY DUE TO RACE ISSUES • SO WHAT? • REPUBLICANS IN POWER FOR FIRST TIME SINCE EISENHOWER

  15. RICHARD M. NIXON,PRESIDENT OF U.S., 1968-74

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