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Language

Language. Structure of Language. Phonemes - Consonants, vowels, th , sh , ch ,…. Morphemes - Dog, van, ing , ed ,…. How many morphemes in the following words? People Swimming Orange Literally Reddish Radish Waited George’s Misspell Antidisestablishmentarianism .

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Language

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  1. Language

  2. Structure of Language • Phonemes - Consonants, vowels, th, sh, ch,…. • Morphemes - Dog, van, ing, ed,… How many morphemes in the following words?People Swimming Orange Literally Reddish Radish Waited George’s Misspell Antidisestablishmentarianism How many phonemes (sounds) are in these words? Thing Psychology Hopes Sun Quickly Wish Weigh Laughed Nation

  3. Structure of Language • Words = 1 or more morphemes • Syntax = set of rules to combine words • Semantics govern meaning “the girl the boy saw” – violates syntax “the rapid freedom ran around the curious emptiness” – obeys syntax, but makes no sense due to meaning of the words

  4. Language Development • Receptive Language - ability to comprehend speech • Productive Language – ability to produce words • Surface structure v. deep structure • “Joey was swinging too high, and the rope broke and he fell on his head.” • “Joey hurt his head when he fell off the swing.”

  5. Language Development • Babbling stage (4 months) • One-word stage (1 year) • Two-word stage (2 years) • Telegraphic speech • Overgeneralization (overregularization)

  6. Thinking in Images • Implicit memory – mental picture of how you do a task • Watching an activity will activate brain’s internal stimulation of it

  7. Explaining Language Development • Skinner & Behaviorism • Association for seeing & hearing words • Imitation • Reinforcement or punishment

  8. Thinking & Language • Linguistic determinism (Whorff) • Language determines way we think • Culturally influenced

  9. Thinking & Language • Bilingual advantage (Lambert) • Bilingual children who learn to inhibit one language while learning another, are also better able to inhibit their attention to irrelevant info

  10. Explaining Language Development • Chomsky & Inborn Universal Grammar • Language acquisition device • Universal grammar

  11. Explaining Language Development • Critical Periods

  12. Do animals use language?

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