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HTY 233 America’s Age of Expansion

HTY 233 America’s Age of Expansion. Part 1: Political Economy of Expansion. Notions of Empire. Freneau: Rising Glory

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HTY 233 America’s Age of Expansion

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  1. HTY 233America’s Age of Expansion Part 1: Political Economy of Expansion

  2. Notions of Empire • Freneau: Rising Glory • John Adams: I always consider the settlement of America with reverence and wonder, as the opening of a grand scene and design in providence, for the illumination of the ignorant and the emancipation of the slavish part of mankind all over the earth. • George Washington’s Vision: I cast my eyes upon America and beheld villages and towns and cities springing up one after another until the whole land from the Atlantic to the Pacific was dotted with them. • Jefferson: “We should have such an empire for liberty as she has never surveyed since the creation.”

  3. Native Americans • Revolution: Sullivan Campaign • Seneca chief Cornplanter told President Washington: "When your army entered the country of the Six Nations, we called you Town Destroyer.“ • Peace of Paris • Northwest Ordinance • Constitution

  4. Campaigns and Treaties Secretary of War, Henry Knox, to the Governor of the Northwest Territory: • “You will not neglect any opportunity of extinguishing Indian rights to the Westward as far as the River Mississippi.” • Treaties or War • (Just War) • The Civilizing Mission • Religion • Culture • World views (land use)

  5. Washington’s Administration: Force • October 18, 1790. Josiah Harmar led 1500 militia to disaster, known as “Harmar’sHumiliation” • Little Turtle ambushed Harmar’s force at the Maumee River (present-day Ft Wayne, Indiana), killing 200. • November 4, 1791. General Arthur St Claire led 3000 to the Wabash River. Again Little Turtle ambushed the raw troops, killing over 630 in the battle called “St Clair’s Shame.” • The worst defeat ever suffered by U.S. military at the hands of Indians.

  6. Ohio Claimed • August 20, 1794 “Mad” Anthony Wayne, revolutionary war hero, led a new army to victory at the Battle of Fallen Timbers. • Treaty of Greenville • $20,000 of trade goods and an annuity of $10,000 per year for

  7. Ceded Land

  8. American Visions • Hamilton’s visions of a commercial empire • Treaty of Amity, Commerce, and Navigation (Jay Treaty) • Jefferson’s agrarian republic • Treaty of Friendship, Limits, and Navigation Between Spain and the United States (Pinkney’s Treaty)

  9. The Republican Revolution of 1800 • Pursuit of the Agrarian Republic • Lewis and Clark, The Corps of Discovery • Louisiana Purchase

  10. War of 1812 • Maritime and Commercial Issues Jefferson and Madison • War Hawks • Perceptions of Native Americans • Indian War embedded in War of 1812

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