MODULE 5

1. MODULE 5 LET’S GET READY FOR THIS FINAL!!!

2. LETS THINK TOGETHER • *** CONNECTION TO THE FINAL EXAM HOW DO YOU ANSWER A QUESTION ON THE FINAL EXAM, WHAT IS THE FIRST THING YOU SHOULD DO TO ENSURE YOU GET THE QUESTION CORRECT ??? TAKE CONTROL OF THE WHITEBOARD….

3. 1ST STEP: WHAT DOES THE MAP SHOW YOU? • WHAT TYPE OF MAP IS IT? • WHAT CAN WE TELL FROM THE MAP?

4. STEP 2: DISSECT THE QUESTION… What is a geographical difference between central Europe and northeastern Europe? • WHAT DOES GEOGRAPHICAL MEAN? • WHERE ON THE MAP IS CENTRAL EUROPE? • WHERE ON THE MAP IS NORTHEASTERN EUROPE?

5. What is a geographical difference between central Europe and northeastern Europe? • Central Europe is predominately mountainous, while northeastern Europe is mostly flat. • Central Europe is mostly flat, while northeastern Europe is predominately mountainous. • Central Europe is a land of large rivers and lakes, while northeastern Europe is dry and arid. • Central Europe has few rivers and lakes, while northeastern Europe has more lakes than forests.

6. WHAT IS THE ANSWER What is a geographical difference between central Europe and northeastern Europe? • Central Europe is predominately mountainous, while northeastern Europe is mostly flat. • Central Europe is mostly flat, while northeastern Europe is predominately mountainous. • Central Europe is a land of large rivers and lakes, while northeastern Europe is dry and arid. • Central Europe has few rivers and lakes, while northeastern Europe has more lakes than forests.

7. What is a geographical difference between central Europe and northeastern Europe? • Central Europe is predominately mountainous, while northeastern Europe is mostly flat. • Central Europe is mostly flat, while northeastern Europe is predominately mountainous. • Central Europe is a land of large rivers and lakes, while northeastern Europe is dry and arid. • Central Europe has few rivers and lakes, while northeastern Europe has more lakes than forests.

8. LET’S TRY ANOTHER ONE… REMEMBER • READ QUESTION • TAKE APART WHAT IT IS ASKING YOU • DEFINE ANY WORDS YOU DON’T KNOW • ELIMINATE ANY WRONG ANSWERS • PICK YOUR BEST ANSWER!!! HOW DO YOU FEEL ABOUT TRYING THE NEXT ONE???

9. In what way is the area that makes up the country of Germany different now than it was in 1648? • Choice 1 • 1. In 1648, the land was mostly part of the Ottoman Empire. • 2. In 1648, it was ruled by British monarchs and princes. • 3. In 1648, it was part of the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth. • 4. In 1648, it was divided into a number of small kingdoms.

10. WHAT IS THE ANSWER • In what way is the area that makes up the country of Germany different now than it was in 1648? • Choice 1 • 1. In 1648, the land was mostly part of the Ottoman Empire. • 2. In 1648, it was ruled by British monarchs and princes. • 3. In 1648, it was part of the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth. • 4. In 1648, it was divided into a number of small kingdoms.

11. In what way is the area that makes up the country of Germany different now than it was in 1648? • Choice 1 • 1. In 1648, the land was mostly part of the Ottoman Empire. • 2. In 1648, it was ruled by British monarchs and princes. • 3. In 1648, it was part of the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth. • 4. In 1648, it was divided into a number of small kingdoms.

12. LET’S TRY ANOTHER ONE… REMEMBER • READ QUESTION • TAKE APART WHAT IT IS ASKING YOU • DEFINE ANY WORDS YOU DON’T KNOW • ELIMINATE ANY WRONG ANSWERS • PICK YOUR BEST ANSWER!!! HOW DO YOU FEEL ABOUT TRYING THE NEXT ONE???

13. How did England's geography help to make it a naval power? • Since much of England was forested, there were ample resources for shipbuilding. • Its location at the northwestern edge of Europe made it a natural trading post for the continent. • As an island nation, England depended upon a strong navy for defense and for trade. • England's numerous gold and silver mines made it a target for invasion.

14. WHAT IS THE ANSWER • How did England's geography help to make it a naval power? • Since much of England was forested, there were ample resources for shipbuilding. • Its location at the northwestern edge of Europe made it a natural trading post for the continent. • As an island nation, England depended upon a strong navy for defense and for trade. • England's numerous gold and silver mines made it a target for invasion.

15. How did England's geography help to make it a naval power? • Since much of England was forested, there were ample resources for shipbuilding. • Its location at the northwestern edge of Europe made it a natural trading post for the continent. • As an island nation, England depended upon a strong navy for defense and for trade. • England's numerous gold and silver mines made it a target for invasion.

16. YOU GOT IT, LET’S PRACTICE USE THE POLLING OPTION 1. A 2. B 3. C 4. D

17. Look at the data in the chart. What developments in mid-17th century Europe help explain this data? 1. Population increased in the mid-17th century because all European nations united under a common empire. 2. Population decreased in the mid-17th century because most political systems were unstable. 3. Population increased in the mid-17th century because there was more religious tolerance after the Thirty Years' War. 4. Population stayed the same in the mid-17th century because immigration and emigration rates were equal.

18. Look at the data in the chart. What developments in mid-17th century Europe help explain this data? 1. Population increased in the mid-17th century because all European nations united under a common empire. 2. Population decreased in the mid-17th century because most political systems were unstable. 3. Population increased in the mid-17th century because there was more religious tolerance after the Thirty Years' War. 4. Population stayed the same in the mid-17th century because immigration and emigration rates were equal.

19. Use the excerpt below from the English Bill of Rights to answer the following question: "That the pretended power of suspending the laws or the execution of laws by regal authority without consent of Parliament is illegal; That the pretended power of dispensing with laws or the execution of laws by regal authority, as it hath been assumed and exercised of late, is illegal; That the commission for erecting the late Court of Commissioners for Ecclesiastical Causes, and all other commissions and courts of like nature, are illegal and pernicious; That levying money for or to the use of the Crown by pretence of prerogative, without grant of Parliament, for longer time, or in other manner than the same is or shall be granted, is illegal; That it is the right of the subjects to petition the king, and all commitments and prosecutions for such petitioning are illegal; That the raising or keeping a standing army within the kingdom in time of peace, unless it be with consent of Parliament, is against law…" How did the English Bill of Rights represent a change from the existing political trends in 17th century Europe? • It limited royal power and made Parliament the supreme authority. • Most other governments didn't codify and publish laws. • It was issued by the king of England to limit his own power. • It mentioned government authority regarding religion.

20. Use the excerpt below from the English Bill of Rights to answer the following question: "That the pretended power of suspending the laws or the execution of laws by regal authority without consent of Parliament is illegal; That the pretended power of dispensing with laws or the execution of laws by regal authority, as it hath been assumed and exercised of late, is illegal; That the commission for erecting the late Court of Commissioners for Ecclesiastical Causes, and all other commissions and courts of like nature, are illegal and pernicious; That levying money for or to the use of the Crown by pretence of prerogative, without grant of Parliament, for longer time, or in other manner than the same is or shall be granted, is illegal; That it is the right of the subjects to petition the king, and all commitments and prosecutions for such petitioning are illegal; That the raising or keeping a standing army within the kingdom in time of peace, unless it be with consent of Parliament, is against law…" How did the English Bill of Rights represent a change from the existing political trends in 17th century Europe? • It limited royal power and made Parliament the supreme authority. • Most other governments didn't codify and publish laws. • It was issued by the king of England to limit his own power. • It mentioned government authority regarding religion.

21. What astronomical model from the Renaissance replaced the one expressed in the image above? • Geocentrism • Heliocentrism • Orbitalism • Solarism

22. What astronomical model from the Renaissance replaced the one expressed in the image above? • Geocentrism • Heliocentrism • Orbitalism • Solarism

23. Which explains a difference between the constitutional monarchy established in England and the absolute monarchy established in Spain? • The people were the primary decision makers in England, while a small governing body held the majority of the power in Spain. • There was a separation of powers among the political leaders in England, while the Spanish monarch held complete power over the people. • The monarch held sole control over all decisions in England, while the monarch shared his power with a governing body in Spain. • There was a single, democratically elected leader in England, while there was a dictator who held sole government power in Spain.

24. Which explains a difference between the constitutional monarchy established in England and the absolute monarchy established in Spain? • The people were the primary decision makers in England, while a small governing body held the majority of the power in Spain. • There was a separation of powers among the political leaders in England, while the Spanish monarch held complete power over the people. • The monarch held sole control over all decisions in England, while the monarch shared his power with a governing body in Spain. • There was a single, democratically elected leader in England, while there was a dictator who held sole government power in Spain.

25. How did humanism contribute to the Scientific Revolution? • Humanism was embraced by the Catholic Church, which sponsored humanist scientists. • Humanism inspired the idea that knowledge could be gained through the evidence provided by human senses and reasoning. • Humanism cast doubt on Christian beliefs, inspiring many Christians to use scientific research to prove their faith. • The Church's persecution of humanists inspired a backlash that became the Scientific Revolution.

26. How did humanism contribute to the Scientific Revolution? • Humanism was embraced by the Catholic Church, which sponsored humanist scientists. • Humanism inspired the idea that knowledge could be gained through the evidence provided by human senses and reasoning. • Humanism cast doubt on Christian beliefs, inspiring many Christians to use scientific research to prove their faith. • The Church's persecution of humanists inspired a backlash that became the Scientific Revolution.

27. How is the work of Rene Descartes related to that of Sir Isaac Newton? • They both made their most famous discoveries while working for the king of England. • Newton and Descartes revolutionized navigation with their research, which led to increased colonization of the Americas. • Descartes's developments in analytical geometry were used by Newton in his development of calculus and research into optics. • Descartes was inspired to create a system of analytical geometry to describe Newton's Theory of Gravity.

28. How is the work of Rene Descartes related to that of Sir Isaac Newton? • They both made their most famous discoveries while working for the king of England. • Newton and Descartes revolutionized navigation with their research, which led to increased colonization of the Americas. • Descartes's developments in analytical geometry were used by Newton in his development of calculus and research into optics. • Descartes was inspired to create a system of analytical geometry to describe Newton's Theory of Gravity.

29. What ideas did Isaac Newton contribute to the Scientific Revolution? • ideas that would later influence the space program • ideas that would promote the development of typewriters • ideas that promoted the Church's view of science • ideas that advanced the medical field

30. What ideas did Isaac Newton contribute to the Scientific Revolution? • ideas that would later influence the space program • ideas that would promote the development of typewriters • ideas that promoted the Church's view of science • ideas that advanced the medical field

31. Use the photograph below showing the physicists Albert Einstein and J. Robert Oppenheimer talking to answer the following question: Which of the following topics relates the most to both physicists' contributions to 20th century science history? • mapping the universe • discovering evolution • splitting the atom • creating new elements

32. Use the photograph below showing the physicists Albert Einstein and J. Robert Oppenheimer talking to answer the following question: Which of the following topics relates the most to both physicists' contributions to 20th century science history? • mapping the universe • discovering evolution • splitting the atom • creating new elements

33. The influence of John Locke's philosophy can be seen most clearly in which of the following quotations? • the idea that "taxation without representation is tyranny“ • Thomas Jefferson's phrase "life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness“ • Thomas Paine's remark, "These are the times that try men's souls.“ • Patrick Henry's cry "give me liberty, or give me death"

34. The influence of John Locke's philosophy can be seen most clearly in which of the following quotations? • the idea that "taxation without representation is tyranny“ • Thomas Jefferson's phrase "life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness“ • Thomas Paine's remark, "These are the times that try men's souls.“ • Patrick Henry's cry "give me liberty, or give me death"

35. What religious issue helped cause the Enlightenment? • debates about whether the existence of God could be logically proven • questions as to whether scientific discoveries conflicted with religion • attempts by churches to suppress or censor independent thinking • the desire for religious harmony after the conflicts of the Reformation

36. What religious issue helped cause the Enlightenment? • debates about whether the existence of God could be logically proven • questions as to whether scientific discoveries conflicted with religion • attempts by churches to suppress or censor independent thinking • the desire for religious harmony after the conflicts of the Reformation

37. Which social class would it have been most dangerous to belong to during the French Revolution? • the aristocracy • the priesthood • urban workers • rural farm workers

38. Which social class would it have been most dangerous to belong to during the French Revolution? • the aristocracy • the priesthood • urban workers • rural farm workers

39. The following passage from Baron de Montesquieu's The Spirit of the Laws was often quoted during the debates on the Constitution of the United States in 1787. Use this passage to answer the following question: It is natural to a republic to have only a small territory, otherwise it cannot long subsist. In a large republic there are men of large fortunes, and consequently of less moderation…. In a large republic, the public good is sacrificed to a thousand views; it is subordinate to exceptions, and depends on accidents. In a small one, the interest of the public is easier perceived, better understood, and more within the reach of every citizen; abuses are of less extent, and of course are less protected. Based on the passage, which aspect of government does Montesquieu fear most? • a government with clear separation of powers because its power to act is limited • an elected representative government because it can easily perceive the needs of the public • a large government because the needs of the many are replaced by the needs of the few • a small government because humans cannot be trusted to make personal sacrifices

40. The following passage from Baron de Montesquieu's The Spirit of the Laws was often quoted during the debates on the Constitution of the United States in 1787. Use this passage to answer the following question: It is natural to a republic to have only a small territory, otherwise it cannot long subsist. In a large republic there are men of large fortunes, and consequently of less moderation…. In a large republic, the public good is sacrificed to a thousand views; it is subordinate to exceptions, and depends on accidents. In a small one, the interest of the public is easier perceived, better understood, and more within the reach of every citizen; abuses are of less extent, and of course are less protected. Based on the passage, which aspect of government does Montesquieu fear most? • a government with clear separation of powers because its power to act is limited • an elected representative government because it can easily perceive the needs of the public • a large government because the needs of the many are replaced by the needs of the few • a small government because humans cannot be trusted to make personal sacrifices