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Computational Application for Early Detection of Dyslexia in Pre-school Children

Computational Application for Early Detection of Dyslexia in Pre-school Children. Background Aim of overall project Aim of current phase Phonological Deficit Hypothesis. The most commonly used tests in Ireland at present: The Dyslexia Screening Test (6.6 to 16.5 years)

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Computational Application for Early Detection of Dyslexia in Pre-school Children

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  1. Computational Application for Early Detection of Dyslexia in Pre-school Children Background • Aim of overall project • Aim of current phase • Phonological Deficit Hypothesis

  2. The most commonly used tests in Ireland at present: • The Dyslexia Screening Test (6.6 to 16.5 years) • The Bangor Dyslexia Test (test not normed) • Genetic Factor(Rack, 1999)

  3. Developing the test • Early/Intermediate/Late Consonants (Smit & Hand, 1997) • 38 test items based on 19 phonemes • Selecting words and images • Pre-pilot the test – initial idea of validity and reliability • Technical aspects

  4. Test Administration • 8 pre-schools • 104 children (+ 20 at pre-pilot stage) • Age range: 33 to 69 months • Locations: rural Wicklow to urban City Centre • 20 questions per child • Mean score: 11.89; Mode: 11

  5. Test Analysis

  6. Point-Biserial Test • An item analysis test • Establishes a correlation between a right/wrong score a child receives in a given item and the total score that a child gets in the overall test • Ranges from +1 to –1 • Varma: Point Biserial of at least .15

  7. Test Analysis contd. • Low Point-Biserial Scores Removed:

  8. Cronbach’s α • A split-half measure of the reliability of the test items • Cronbach's Alpha .830 17 • Number of Items

  9. Early/Intermediate/Late Consonants • Developmental Sequence as recognised by Smit&Hand (1997) • Early Consonants: Mean = 32 • Intermediate Consonants: Mean = 33.8 • Late Consonants: Mean = 32.58 • No significant difference between groups

  10. Location Mean N Std. Deviation Location A 8.67 6 3.670 Location B 11.00 9 4.031 Location C 8.67 12 3.312 Location D 8.83 12 3.950 Location E 6.64 14 2.706 Location F 10.07 28 4.472 Location G 13.07 14 2.999 Location H 7.67 9 3.317 Total 9.50 104 4.063 Location • Significant variation in scores • Parental interest? • Phonological training? • Age variation?

  11. Age-Sensitive Test Mean ScoreStandard Deviation Group 18.053.268 Group 211.903.919 Group 312.354.499 Group 413.303.975 Group 513.543.833

  12. Achievement • 30 ‘good items’ in terms of reliability • Discriminates between children on their success at a phoneme-based test • Age sensitive • Correct pitch – format of test

  13. Futher Development • Further pilot-test • More care in getting a representative sample • Try on a group who are known to have dyslexia • Further statistical analysis • Z-scores • Multiple Regression

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