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Motion Diagrams and Distance Calculations

Learn about motion diagrams, particle models, position-time graphs, and how to calculate distances in different scenarios.

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Motion Diagrams and Distance Calculations

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  1. Chapter Chapter Assessment Questions 2 Question 1 If an object in the diagram is replaced by a series of single points, which type of diagram are you referring? • Motion diagram • Particle model • Coordinate system • Position-time graph

  2. Chapter Chapter Assessment Questions 2 Answer 1 Answer:B Reason:A particle model is a simplified version of a motion diagram in which the object in motion is replaced by a series of single points.

  3. Chapter Chapter Assessment Questions 2 Question 2 Refer the adjoining figure and calculate the distance between the two signals? • Insert graph • 3 m • 8 m • 5 m • 5 cm

  4. Chapter Chapter Assessment Questions 2 Answer 2 Answer:C Reason:Distance d = df – di Here, df = 8 m and di = 3 m Therefore, d = 8 m  3 m = 5 m

  5. Chapter Chapter Assessment Questions 2 Question 3 From the adjacent position-time graph determine the distance covered by the competitor between 5 s and 10 s?

  6. Chapter Chapter Assessment Questions 2 Answer 3 Answer:The distance covered by the competitor between 5 s and 10 s is d = 20 m – 10 m = 10 m.

  7. Chapter Chapter Assessment Questions 2 Question 4 A car starting from rest moves with an average speed of 6 m/s. Use Equation of Motion for average velocity to calculate the distance the car traveled in 1 minute. • 6 m • 10 m • 60 m • 360 m

  8. Chapter Chapter Assessment Questions 2 Answer 4 Answer:D Reason:The Equation of Motion for average velocity is d= vt +di where d is the object’s position at time t of the object moving with average velocity v, and di is the initial position of the object. In this case di = 0, v= 6 m/s and t = 1 min = 60 s. Therefore d = (6 m/s)(60 s) + 0 m = 360 m.

  9. Chapter Chapter Assessment Questions 2 Question 5 The position-time graph at right shows three ships moving in a river. Determine which ship has greater average velocity? • Ship A • Ship B • Ship C • Both ship B and C

  10. Chapter Chapter Assessment Questions 2 Answer 5 Answer:A Reason:The slope of A is steeper than the slopes of B and C. A steeper slope indicates a greater change in displacement during each time interval, i.e. greater average velocity.

  11. Chapter Standardized Test Practice 2 Multiple Choice • Which of the following statements about the particle model motion diagram for an airplane taking off from an airport is true? • The dots would form an evenly spaced pattern. • The dots would be far apart at the beginning, but get closer together as the planes accelerates. • The dots would be close together to start with, and get farther apart as the plane accelerates. • The dots would be close together to start, get farther apart, and become close together again as the airplane levels off at cruising speed.

  12. Chapter Standardized Test Practice 2 Multiple Choice 2. Which of the following statements about drawing vectors is false? • A vector diagram is needed to solve all physics problems. • The length of the vector should be proportional to the data. • Vectors can be added by measuring the lengths of each vector and then adding them together. • Vectors can be added in straight lines or in triangle formations.

  13. Chapter Standardized Test Practice 2 Multiple Choice 3. The graph shows the motion of a person on a bicycle. When does the person have the greatest velocity? • section I • section III • point D • point B

  14. Chapter Standardized Test Practice 2 Multiple Choice 4. When is the person on the bicycle farthest away from the starting point? • point A • point B • point C • point D

  15. Chapter Standardized Test Practice 2 Multiple Choice 5. Over what interval does the person on the bicycle travel the greatest distance? • section I • section II • section III • point IV

  16. Chapter Standardized Test Practice 2 Multiple Choice 6. A squirrel descends an 8-m tree at a constant speed in 1.5 min. It remains still at the base of the tree for 2.3 min, and then walks toward an acorn on the ground for 0.7 min. A loud noise causes the squirrel to scamper back up the tree in 0.1 min to the exact position on the branch from which it started. Which of the graphs shown on the next slide would accurately represent the squirrel’s vertical displacement from the base of the tree?

  17. Chapter Standardized Test Practice 2 Multiple Choice • Image I • Image 2 • Image I • Image 2

  18. Chapter Standardized Test Practice 2 Extended Answer • Find a rat’s total displacement at the exit if it takes the following path in a maze: start, 1.0 m north, 0.3 m east, 0.8 m south, 0.4 m east, finish. Start with drawing all the vectors in the correct direction and head to tail. The set up a right triangle. How much total distance in the north-south direction (your y value)? How much in east-west (you x value)? Then use Pythagorean Theorem for the resultant. Trig for the angle.

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